{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285020391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","title":"Uncertainty Analysis of Digital Elevation Models by Spatial Inference From Stable Terrain","display_name":"Uncertainty Analysis of Digital Elevation Models by Spatial Inference From Stable Terrain","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285020391","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09815885.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","datacite","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09815885.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041415325","display_name":"Romain Hugonnet","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0955-1306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800262456","display_name":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs5yc70","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112630","display_name":"Laboratoire d\u2019\u00c9tudes en G\u00e9ophysique et Oc\u00e9anographie Spatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/02chvqy57","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210112630","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["CH","FR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Romain Hugonnet","raw_affiliation_strings":["LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9; de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France","LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9","Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland","Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9; de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112630","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112630"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005399486","display_name":"Fanny Brun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6607-0667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41641357","display_name":"Ege University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eaafc18","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210121220","display_name":"Institut des G\u00e9osciences de l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/01wwcfa26","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210139971","https://openalex.org/I4210148025","https://openalex.org/I4210150872","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220","https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["FR","TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fanny Brun","raw_affiliation_strings":["IGE, Universit&#x00E9; Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France","IGE, Universit&#x00E9"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"IGE, Universit&#x00E9; Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4210121220","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IGE, Universit&#x00E9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017289442","display_name":"\u00c9tienne Berthier","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5978-9155"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134560555","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier","ror":"https://ror.org/02v6kpv12","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134560555"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210112630","display_name":"Laboratoire d\u2019\u00c9tudes en G\u00e9ophysique et Oc\u00e9anographie Spatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/02chvqy57","country_code":"FR","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210112630","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Etienne Berthier","raw_affiliation_strings":["LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9; de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France","LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9; de Toulouse, CNES, CNRS, IRD, UPS, Toulouse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112630","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"LEGOS, Universit&#x00E9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210112630"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030625710","display_name":"Amaury Dehecq","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5157-1183"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106785703","display_name":"Institut polytechnique de Grenoble","ror":"https://ror.org/05sbt2524","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106785703","https://openalex.org/I899635006"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","display_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","ror":"https://ror.org/02feahw73","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800262456","display_name":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs5yc70","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I41641357","display_name":"Ege University","ror":"https://ror.org/02eaafc18","country_code":"TR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166444","display_name":"Institut de Recherche pour le D\u00e9veloppement","ror":"https://ror.org/05q3vnk25","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I1327553481","https://openalex.org/I154202486","https://openalex.org/I2799535048","https://openalex.org/I2802818602","https://openalex.org/I4210088668","https://openalex.org/I4210090127","https://openalex.org/I4210113730","https://openalex.org/I4210131494","https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I4405257220"]}],"countries":["CH","FR","TR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amaury Dehecq","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France","IGE, Universit&#x00E9","Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Grenoble Alpes, CNRS, IRD, Grenoble INP, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166444","https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I106785703"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"IGE, Universit&#x00E9","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I41641357"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004440539","display_name":"Erik Schytt Mannerfelt","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9146-557X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800262456","display_name":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs5yc70","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151952","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04mknbs38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151952"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Schytt Mannerfelt","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland","Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151952"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069914031","display_name":"Nicolas Eckert","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1880-8820"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210088668","display_name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/003vg9w96","country_code":"FR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210088668"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I899635006","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Grenoble Alpes","ror":"https://ror.org/02rx3b187","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I899635006"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Eckert","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit&#x00E9; Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, UR ETNA, Grenoble, France","Universit&#x00E9"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9; Grenoble Alpes, INRAE, UR ETNA, Grenoble, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I899635006","https://openalex.org/I4210088668"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit&#x00E9","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062233160","display_name":"Daniel Farinotti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3417-4570"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2800262456","display_name":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04bs5yc70","country_code":"CH","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","display_name":"ETH Zurich","ror":"https://ror.org/05a28rw58","country_code":"CH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799323385","https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210151952","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Hydrology Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/04mknbs38","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210151952"]}],"countries":["CH","CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daniel Farinotti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210151952"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Hydraulics, Hydrology and Glaciology (VAW), ETH Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research (WSL), Birmensdorf, Switzerland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2800262456"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":4,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5041415325"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590","https://openalex.org/I134560555","https://openalex.org/I2800262456","https://openalex.org/I35440088","https://openalex.org/I4210112630","https://openalex.org/I4210166444"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1188,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1281},"fwci":13.5832,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":109,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99529576,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"6456","last_page":"6472"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9894000291824341,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.9088854789733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.7988182306289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terrain","display_name":"Terrain","score":0.7358700633049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6247756481170654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.564139723777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.5190659165382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaciology","display_name":"Glaciology","score":0.4324619770050049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.384345144033432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.2583901286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.17444002628326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.09425517916679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08904755115509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tectonics","display_name":"Tectonics","score":0.0759647786617279}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.9088854789733887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.7988182306289673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C161840515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186131","display_name":"Terrain","level":2,"score":0.7358700633049011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6247756481170654},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.564139723777771},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.5190659165382385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107018473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52120","display_name":"Glaciology","level":4,"score":0.4324619770050049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.384345144033432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.2583901286125183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.17444002628326416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.09425517916679382},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08904755115509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77928131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193343","display_name":"Tectonics","level":2,"score":0.0759647786617279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2993313656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q163082","display_name":"Metamorphic petrology","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09815885.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03719624v1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03719624","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2022, 15, pp.6456-6472. &#x27E8;10.1109/JSTARS.2022.3188922&#x27E9;","raw_type":"Journal articles"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:05f07df6da20441aacf403202c263d9d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/05f07df6da20441aacf403202c263d9d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Pp 6456-6472 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:dora:wsl_31667","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.dora.lib4ri.ch/wsl/islandora/object/wsl%3A31667","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401379","display_name":"DORA WSL (Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2800262456","host_organization_name":"Swiss Federal Institute for Forest, Snow and Landscape Research","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2800262456"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.research-collection.ethz.ch:20.500.11850/564912","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11850/564912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402302","display_name":"Repository for Publications and Research Data (ETH Zurich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I35440088","host_organization_name":"ETH Zurich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I35440088"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 15","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"doi:10.3929/ethz-b-000564912","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-b-000564912","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407051236","display_name":"ETH Z\u00fcrich Research Collection","issn_l":null,"issn":[],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":null,"is_accepted":false,"is_published":null,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article-journal"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3188922","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09815885.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3196294588","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"184634","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","funder_display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3335229504","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Avenir","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5921281487","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"number","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7240651115","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-10","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7737017112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-10-EQPX-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321519","funder_display_name":"Centre National d\u2019Etudes Spatiales"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G848032724","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8510727784","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-10-EQPX","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8562937933","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ANR-10-EQPX-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","funder_display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G873521796","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"184634","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320883","display_name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","ror":"https://ror.org/00rbzpz17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320924","display_name":"Schweizerischer Nationalfonds zur F\u00f6rderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/00yjd3n13"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321519","display_name":"Centre National d\u2019Etudes Spatiales","ror":"https://ror.org/04h1h0y33"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320331560","display_name":"Institut National de Recherche pour l'Agriculture, l'Alimentation et l'Environnement","ror":"https://ror.org/003vg9w96"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285020391.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285020391.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":151,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W29771957","https://openalex.org/W100211038","https://openalex.org/W137922527","https://openalex.org/W143850130","https://openalex.org/W600210939","https://openalex.org/W1100968874","https://openalex.org/W1506365867","https://openalex.org/W1550219794","https://openalex.org/W1556664527","https://openalex.org/W1600552940","https://openalex.org/W1972662356","https://openalex.org/W1973151621","https://openalex.org/W1974173367","https://openalex.org/W1977428739","https://openalex.org/W1977524417","https://openalex.org/W1979403593","https://openalex.org/W1983513512","https://openalex.org/W1983747486","https://openalex.org/W1991770826","https://openalex.org/W1991989519","https://openalex.org/W1993409257","https://openalex.org/W1998365472","https://openalex.org/W1998416439","https://openalex.org/W2005349355","https://openalex.org/W2010221273","https://openalex.org/W2012720501","https://openalex.org/W2019249840","https://openalex.org/W2025227102","https://openalex.org/W2028134935","https://openalex.org/W2029153117","https://openalex.org/W2032075694","https://openalex.org/W2032788463","https://openalex.org/W2033053866","https://openalex.org/W2037402487","https://openalex.org/W2041253663","https://openalex.org/W2048459265","https://openalex.org/W2049981393","https://openalex.org/W2051336215","https://openalex.org/W2053020576","https://openalex.org/W2053175758","https://openalex.org/W2056116094","https://openalex.org/W2057582013","https://openalex.org/W2062599367","https://openalex.org/W2064534624","https://openalex.org/W2069385142","https://openalex.org/W2070805017","https://openalex.org/W2074946348","https://openalex.org/W2076573461","https://openalex.org/W2084744129","https://openalex.org/W2085715291","https://openalex.org/W2092159520","https://openalex.org/W2097391681","https://openalex.org/W2100351065","https://openalex.org/W2103077111","https://openalex.org/W2103826408","https://openalex.org/W2104193490","https://openalex.org/W2112821342","https://openalex.org/W2114971937","https://openalex.org/W2115294558","https://openalex.org/W2117635010","https://openalex.org/W2121264346","https://openalex.org/W2128513227","https://openalex.org/W2129206142","https://openalex.org/W2132426244","https://openalex.org/W2133881105","https://openalex.org/W2134236847","https://openalex.org/W2136921327","https://openalex.org/W2141363828","https://openalex.org/W2142198950","https://openalex.org/W2142566373","https://openalex.org/W2142959563","https://openalex.org/W2151119515","https://openalex.org/W2152403125","https://openalex.org/W2153759474","https://openalex.org/W2160786516","https://openalex.org/W2165406197","https://openalex.org/W2166283240","https://openalex.org/W2171466305","https://openalex.org/W2225770107","https://openalex.org/W2282453348","https://openalex.org/W2297289199","https://openalex.org/W2298770932","https://openalex.org/W2317398817","https://openalex.org/W2321798303","https://openalex.org/W2333852588","https://openalex.org/W2342033809","https://openalex.org/W2399645084","https://openalex.org/W2410913786","https://openalex.org/W2485540033","https://openalex.org/W2501595919","https://openalex.org/W2519911873","https://openalex.org/W2528107207","https://openalex.org/W2547900954","https://openalex.org/W2557132568","https://openalex.org/W2586146001","https://openalex.org/W2606680396","https://openalex.org/W2610967268","https://openalex.org/W2619470474","https://openalex.org/W2722303503","https://openalex.org/W2730458784","https://openalex.org/W2755431016","https://openalex.org/W2789535101","https://openalex.org/W2791296462","https://openalex.org/W2791899939","https://openalex.org/W2801301996","https://openalex.org/W2888945633","https://openalex.org/W2896032701","https://openalex.org/W2901553491","https://openalex.org/W2905297035","https://openalex.org/W2906935426","https://openalex.org/W2907866209","https://openalex.org/W2909246134","https://openalex.org/W2935279002","https://openalex.org/W2939248049","https://openalex.org/W2971885657","https://openalex.org/W2979396406","https://openalex.org/W2996052253","https://openalex.org/W3023921799","https://openalex.org/W3030249184","https://openalex.org/W3041691603","https://openalex.org/W3048444358","https://openalex.org/W3081558115","https://openalex.org/W3085509882","https://openalex.org/W3095061895","https://openalex.org/W3095086715","https://openalex.org/W3104774776","https://openalex.org/W3123020833","https://openalex.org/W3129196588","https://openalex.org/W3158099307","https://openalex.org/W3172191503","https://openalex.org/W3173968934","https://openalex.org/W3179529764","https://openalex.org/W3187345710","https://openalex.org/W3194349994","https://openalex.org/W3212156720","https://openalex.org/W3214840451","https://openalex.org/W4200081885","https://openalex.org/W4205394956","https://openalex.org/W4210387355","https://openalex.org/W4213251304","https://openalex.org/W4220653340","https://openalex.org/W4229562638","https://openalex.org/W4239933824","https://openalex.org/W4248173958","https://openalex.org/W4388284198","https://openalex.org/W6602661293","https://openalex.org/W6605868698","https://openalex.org/W6618183935","https://openalex.org/W6630214610","https://openalex.org/W6677080917","https://openalex.org/W6697614014"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3148155918","https://openalex.org/W2462682329","https://openalex.org/W4386906247","https://openalex.org/W4206741056","https://openalex.org/W3040595263","https://openalex.org/W1621772017","https://openalex.org/W4239147863","https://openalex.org/W2909855017","https://openalex.org/W2352163239","https://openalex.org/W2264981486"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"monitoring":[1],"of":[2,22,37,73,94,120,136,149,209,218],"Earth&#x2019;s":[3],"and":[4,10,20,43,55,64,85,97,100,132,179,186,204,221],"planetary":[5,222],"surface":[6,223],"elevations":[7],"at":[8],"larger":[9],"finer":[11],"scales":[12],"is":[13],"rapidly":[14],"progressing":[15],"through":[16],"the":[17,92,118,133,146,202,216],"increasing":[18,147],"availability":[19,148],"resolution":[21],"digital":[23],"elevation":[24,28,121,157,181,224],"models":[25],"(DEMs).":[26],"Surface":[27],"observations":[29],"are":[30,198,212],"being":[31],"used":[32],"across":[33,141],"an":[34],"expanding":[35],"range":[36],"fields":[38],"to":[39,70,82,105,112,173,214],"study":[40],"topographical":[41],"attributes":[42],"their":[44],"changes":[45,189],"over":[46],"time,":[47],"notably":[48],"in":[49,88,196,201],"glaciology,":[50],"hydrology,":[51],"volcanology,":[52],"seismology,":[53],"forestry":[54],"geomorphology.":[56],"However,":[57],"DEMs":[58,197],"frequently":[59],"contain":[60],"large-scale":[61],"instrument":[62],"noise":[63],"varying":[65,124],"vertical":[66,125],"precision":[67,98,115,126,211],"that":[68,138,194,206],"lead":[69],"complex":[71],"patterns":[72],"errors.":[74],"Here,":[75],"we":[76],"present":[77],"a":[78,102],"validated":[79],"statistical":[80],"workflow":[81,153],"estimate,":[83],"model,":[84],"propagate":[86,174],"uncertainties":[87,175,195],"DEMs.":[89],"We":[90,109,170,192],"review":[91],"state-of-the-art":[93],"DEM":[95,114,210],"accuracy":[96],"analyses,":[99],"define":[101],"conceptual":[103],"framework":[104],"consistently":[106],"address":[107],"those.":[108],"show":[110],"how":[111,172],"characterize":[113],"by":[116],"quantifying":[117],"heteroscedasticity":[119],"measurements,":[122],"i.e.":[123],"with":[127],"terrain-":[128],"or":[129],"sensor-dependent":[130],"variables,":[131],"spatial":[134,143,180],"correlation":[135],"errors":[137],"can":[139,163],"occur":[140],"multiple":[142],"scales.":[144],"With":[145],"high-precision":[150],"observations,":[151],"our":[152],"based":[154],"on":[155,160,168],"independent":[156],"data":[158],"acquired":[159],"stable":[161],"terrain":[162,184],"be":[164],"applied":[165],"almost":[166],"anywhere":[167],"Earth.":[169],"illustrate":[171],"for":[176],"both":[177],"pixel-scale":[178],"derivatives,":[182],"using":[183],"slope":[185],"glacier":[187],"volume":[188],"as":[190],"examples.":[191],"find":[193],"largely":[199],"underestimated":[200],"literature,":[203],"advocate":[205],"new":[207],"metrics":[208],"essential":[213],"ensure":[215],"reliability":[217],"future":[219],"Earth":[220],"assessments.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":32},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":40},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-11T08:14:18.477133","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
