{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285222887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","title":"A Bayesian Deep Image Prior Downscaling Approach for High-Resolution Soil Moisture Estimation","display_name":"A Bayesian Deep Image Prior Downscaling Approach for High-Resolution Soil Moisture Estimation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285222887","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09780019.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09780019.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5079218325","display_name":"Yuan Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-9526"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","the Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 8430 Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5740-9526","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"the Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, 8430 Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034166335","display_name":"Linlin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-5199"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","Geography &amp"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3488-5199","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geography &amp","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100321260","display_name":"Yuhao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6094-0545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuhao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Wei Zhou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102920751","display_name":"Alexander Wong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5729-5899"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alexander Wong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of System Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066149942","display_name":"David A. Clausi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-0875"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I151746483","display_name":"University of Waterloo","ror":"https://ror.org/01aff2v68","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David A. Clausi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6383-0875","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Systems Design Engineering, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, N2L 3G1","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I151746483"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":1.3392,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76934419,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"4571","last_page":"4582"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10716","display_name":"Soil and Unsaturated Flow","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downscaling","display_name":"Downscaling","score":0.8970165252685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6774191856384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moderate-resolution-imaging-spectroradiometer","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","score":0.5833303928375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5437234044075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.5351086258888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5130013823509216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4353603720664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.35152190923690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.33867067098617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.21594935655593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitation","display_name":"Precipitation","score":0.09351110458374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.0826168954372406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41156917","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682831","display_name":"Downscaling","level":3,"score":0.8970165252685547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6774191856384277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777007095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676840","display_name":"Moderate-resolution imaging spectroradiometer","level":3,"score":0.5833303928375244},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5437234044075012},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.5351086258888245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5130013823509216},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4353603720664978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.35152190923690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.33867067098617554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.21594935655593872},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107054158","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25257","display_name":"Precipitation","level":2,"score":0.09351110458374023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0826168954372406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09780019.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:https://orca.cardiff.ac.uk:162056","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":null,"pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401195","display_name":"ORCA Online Research @Cardiff (Cardiff University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79510175","host_organization_name":"Cardiff University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79510175"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c4f90dd1778d4c56bd29bb422cbc04ce","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c4f90dd1778d4c56bd29bb422cbc04ce","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Pp 4571-4582 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3177081","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09780019.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3889976226","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"RGPAS2017-50794","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G718081804","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DGDND-2017-00078","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","funder_display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285222887.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285222887.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W880911330","https://openalex.org/W1247035941","https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1959608418","https://openalex.org/W1970204445","https://openalex.org/W1990231296","https://openalex.org/W1997893060","https://openalex.org/W2016147261","https://openalex.org/W2027554150","https://openalex.org/W2036890196","https://openalex.org/W2108990991","https://openalex.org/W2111038353","https://openalex.org/W2120524916","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2133665775","https://openalex.org/W2169038740","https://openalex.org/W2171211028","https://openalex.org/W2296385512","https://openalex.org/W2331128040","https://openalex.org/W2498094064","https://openalex.org/W2552111036","https://openalex.org/W2587828787","https://openalex.org/W2615706402","https://openalex.org/W2732412926","https://openalex.org/W2735876760","https://openalex.org/W2740577199","https://openalex.org/W2777740315","https://openalex.org/W2786248992","https://openalex.org/W2885123640","https://openalex.org/W2887024271","https://openalex.org/W2889626069","https://openalex.org/W2902857081","https://openalex.org/W2906587342","https://openalex.org/W2920425503","https://openalex.org/W2964013315","https://openalex.org/W2980656467","https://openalex.org/W2995187422","https://openalex.org/W2999360100","https://openalex.org/W3012998949","https://openalex.org/W3017940382","https://openalex.org/W3022978302","https://openalex.org/W3045332022","https://openalex.org/W3089611792","https://openalex.org/W3149385430","https://openalex.org/W4210987640","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6640963894","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6697828997","https://openalex.org/W6741132002","https://openalex.org/W6759001153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2394436593","https://openalex.org/W3013458534","https://openalex.org/W3010558748","https://openalex.org/W2526815458","https://openalex.org/W4220911053","https://openalex.org/W2380042710","https://openalex.org/W2944582722","https://openalex.org/W4377833746","https://openalex.org/W2185517458","https://openalex.org/W2383151488"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Soil":[0,179],"moisture":[1,73],"(SM)":[2],"estimation":[3,74],"is":[4,76],"a":[5,54,79,81,95,117,137,148],"critical":[6],"part":[7],"of":[8,28,94,110,155,178],"environmental":[9],"and":[10,45,85,116,167,172],"agricultural":[11],"monitoring,":[12],"with":[13,144,213],"satellite-based":[14],"microwave":[15],"remote":[16,31,169],"sensing":[17,32,170],"being":[18],"the":[19,24,70,105,111,121,127,132,158,163,168,176,187,200,214],"main":[20],"SM":[21,33,66,114,122,184,196,215],"source.":[22],"However,":[23],"limited":[25],"spatial":[26,107,164,205],"resolution":[27],"most":[29],"current":[30],"products":[34,185,193],"reduces":[35],"their":[36],"utility":[37],"for":[38,62,103,125,151],"many":[39],"applications":[40],"such":[41],"as":[42,78],"evapotranspiration":[43],"modeling":[44,104,126],"agriculture":[46],"management.":[47],"To":[48],"address":[49],"this":[50],"issue,":[51],"we":[52],"propose":[53],"Bayesian":[55],"deep":[56,96,142],"image":[57],"prior":[58,106],"(BDIP)":[59],"downscaling":[60,177,211],"approach":[61,135],"producing":[63],"high-resolution":[64,71,113],"satellite":[65],"estimates.":[67],"More":[68],"specifically,":[69],"soil":[72],"problem":[75],"formulated":[77],"maximum":[80],"posteriori":[82],"(MAP)":[83],"problem,":[84],"solved":[86],"via":[87],"an":[88],"encoder-decoder":[89],"neural":[90,99],"network":[91,100],"architecture":[92],"comprising":[93],"fully":[97],"convolutional":[98],"(FCNN)":[101],"encoder":[102],"correlation":[108,165],"distribution":[109],"underlying":[112],"variables,":[115],"forward":[118,145,161],"model":[119],"characterizing":[120],"degeneration":[123],"process":[124],"data":[128,171],"likelihood.":[129],"As":[130],"such,":[131],"proposed":[133,201],"BDIP":[134],"provides":[136],"statistical":[138],"framework":[139],"that":[140,195],"integrates":[141],"learning":[143],"modelling":[146],"in":[147,160],"coherent":[149],"manner":[150],"combining":[152],"different":[153],"sources":[154],"information,":[156],"i.e.,":[157],"knowledge":[159],"model,":[162],"prior,":[166],"products.":[173],"Experiments":[174],"on":[175],"Moisture":[180],"Active":[181],"Passive":[182],"(SMAP)":[183],"using":[186,199],"Moderate":[188],"Resolution":[189],"Imaging":[190],"Spectroradiometer":[191],"(MODIS)":[192],"show":[194],"maps":[197],"estimated":[198],"method":[202],"provide":[203],"greater":[204],"detail":[206],"information":[207],"than":[208],"other":[209],"existing":[210],"methods,":[212],"estimates":[216],"very":[217],"close":[218],"to":[219],"in-situ":[220],"measurements.":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}