{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285276086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","title":"A Divided Spatial and Temporal Context Network for Remote Sensing Change Detection","display_name":"A Divided Spatial and Temporal Context Network for Remote Sensing Change Detection","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285276086","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09779962.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09779962.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5027729414","display_name":"Nian Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5737-9846"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nian Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute, 560203 Beijing, China, 100094"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5737-9846","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute, 560203 Beijing, China, 100094","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068095972","display_name":"Keming Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-5274"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Keming Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute, 560203 Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0355-5274","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute, 560203 Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076644778","display_name":"Guangyao Zhou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0809-5799"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guangyao Zhou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute, 560203 Beijing, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Network Information System Technology (NIST), Chinese Academy of Sciences Aerospace Information Research Institute, 560203 Beijing, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":2.3944,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90076545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"4897","last_page":"4908"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10341","display_name":"Coral and Marine Ecosystems Studies","score":0.9150000214576721,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8670182228088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-contextual-awareness","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","score":0.7021470665931702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context-model","display_name":"Context model","score":0.6139919757843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminative-model","display_name":"Discriminative model","score":0.6019765734672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.5802240371704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/security-token","display_name":"Security token","score":0.5685241222381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.5425302982330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5199293494224548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.4783189594745636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformer","display_name":"Transformer","score":0.469482958316803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.34825068712234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3455692529678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.340210497379303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.14492005109786987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8670182228088379},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C64754055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574053","display_name":"Spatial contextual awareness","level":2,"score":0.7021470665931702},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183322885","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17007702","display_name":"Context model","level":3,"score":0.6139919757843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97931131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282087","display_name":"Discriminative model","level":2,"score":0.6019765734672546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.5802240371704102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48145219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1335365","display_name":"Security token","level":2,"score":0.5685241222381592},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5425302982330322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5199293494224548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.4783189594745636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66322947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11658","display_name":"Transformer","level":3,"score":0.469482958316803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.34825068712234497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3455692529678345},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.340210497379303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.14492005109786987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781238097","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175026","display_name":"Object (grammar)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09779962.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1e59c27fd3f6474bbc029fe2a150e686","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1e59c27fd3f6474bbc029fe2a150e686","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Pp 4897-4908 (2022)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3176858","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/4609444/09779962.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","score":0.7400000095367432,"display_name":"Reduced inequalities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285276086.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285276086.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W2036798369","https://openalex.org/W2055718260","https://openalex.org/W2100335098","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2281531790","https://openalex.org/W2317688867","https://openalex.org/W2344191251","https://openalex.org/W2462831000","https://openalex.org/W2738855634","https://openalex.org/W2751993439","https://openalex.org/W2792827505","https://openalex.org/W2891248708","https://openalex.org/W2894544606","https://openalex.org/W2895975145","https://openalex.org/W2896092083","https://openalex.org/W2896457183","https://openalex.org/W2908048833","https://openalex.org/W2940262938","https://openalex.org/W2965373594","https://openalex.org/W3000429716","https://openalex.org/W3004423752","https://openalex.org/W3009942016","https://openalex.org/W3010257550","https://openalex.org/W3015038817","https://openalex.org/W3027225766","https://openalex.org/W3036453075","https://openalex.org/W3049615702","https://openalex.org/W3087757019","https://openalex.org/W3102127038","https://openalex.org/W3119131609","https://openalex.org/W3120467244","https://openalex.org/W3130754787","https://openalex.org/W3180045188","https://openalex.org/W3204841830","https://openalex.org/W3217456364","https://openalex.org/W4213019189","https://openalex.org/W4312549298","https://openalex.org/W6695334369","https://openalex.org/W6718683173","https://openalex.org/W6739901393","https://openalex.org/W6755049344","https://openalex.org/W6761630670","https://openalex.org/W6766673545","https://openalex.org/W6778883912","https://openalex.org/W6780226713","https://openalex.org/W6784333009","https://openalex.org/W6790307280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2145850538","https://openalex.org/W2140435402","https://openalex.org/W4285276086","https://openalex.org/W2161633202","https://openalex.org/W2039787362","https://openalex.org/W1750537857","https://openalex.org/W2163490908","https://openalex.org/W2901621883","https://openalex.org/W3022564861","https://openalex.org/W2657488695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"recent":[1],"days,":[2],"change":[3,35,62,155,165],"detection":[4,166],"has":[5,226],"become":[6,149],"one":[7],"of":[8,53,118,199],"the":[9,19,54,66,90,100,115,119,131,136,141,145,169,185,193,200],"central":[10],"tasks":[11],"for":[12,61,154],"remote":[13],"sensing":[14],"image":[15],"analyses.":[16],"Due":[17],"to":[18,44,81,98,109,129,163,192,236],"powerful":[20],"discriminative":[21],"abilities,":[22],"various":[23],"convolutional":[24],"based":[25],"approaches":[26,39],"have":[27],"been":[28],"applied":[29],"and":[30,76,88,148,152,181,188,220,230,241],"shown":[31,227],"favorable":[32],"performance":[33,229],"in":[34,218],"detection.":[36,63,156],"However,":[37],"these":[38],"either":[40],"require":[41],"numerous":[42],"parameters":[43,187,212],"obtain":[45],"refined":[46],"features":[47,180],"or":[48,176],"cannot":[49],"make":[50,110],"full":[51],"use":[52,105],"global":[55,91,146,195],"context":[56,78,92,147,196],"information,":[57],"which":[58,85],"is":[59,86,127,161],"crucial":[60],"Motivated":[64],"by":[65,93],"recently":[67],"proposed":[68,201,224],"visual":[69],"transformers,":[70],"we":[71,103,203],"introduce":[72],"a":[73,106,123,158,206,215],"divided":[74],"spatial":[75,101,107,116,137],"temporal":[77,125,132],"modeling":[79,197],"network":[80],"tackle":[82],"such":[83],"shortcomings,":[84],"tokens-based":[87],"passes":[89],"well":[94],"modeled":[95],"tokens.":[96],"Specifically,":[97],"model":[99,130,186,240],"context,":[102],"first":[104],"self-attention":[108],"each":[111],"token":[112,170],"implicitly":[113],"incorporate":[114],"information":[117],"corresponding":[120],"image.":[121],"Then":[122],"followed":[124],"selfattention":[126],"used":[128,162],"context.":[133],"Together":[134],"with":[135,209],"self-attention,":[138],"it":[139],"makes":[140],"learned":[142],"tokens":[143],"contain":[144],"more":[150],"representational":[151],"suitable":[153],"Finally,":[157],"prediction":[159],"head":[160],"output":[164],"results":[167],"over":[168],"space":[171],"without":[172],"additional":[173],"transformer":[174],"decoder":[175],"skip":[177],"connections":[178],"between":[179],"tokens,":[182],"thus":[183],"reducing":[184],"computational":[189],"costs.":[190],"Thanks":[191],"superior":[194],"capabilities":[198],"method,":[202],"further":[204],"develop":[205],"simplified":[207],"variant":[208],"much":[210],"smaller":[211],"but":[213],"only":[214],"slight":[216],"drop":[217],"F1":[219],"IoU":[221],"scores.":[222],"Our":[223,239],"method":[225],"competitive":[228],"surpasses":[231],"several":[232],"state-of-the-art":[233],"methods":[234],"according":[235],"our":[237],"experiments.":[238],"code":[242],"will":[243],"be":[244],"available":[245],"at":[246],"https://github.com/shinianzhihou/ChangeDetection.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}