{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225750988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","title":"Near Real-Time InSAR Deformation Time Series Estimation With Modified Kalman Filter and Sequential Least Squares","display_name":"Near Real-Time InSAR Deformation Time Series Estimation With Modified Kalman Filter and Sequential Least Squares","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225750988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9656571/09736625.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9656571/09736625.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029123372","display_name":"Baohang Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-3599"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baohang Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5248-3599","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100418212","display_name":"Qin Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-1923"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qin Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9140-1923","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067826216","display_name":"Chaoying Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5730-9602"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chaoying Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5730-9602","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geological Engineering and Geomatics, Chang&#x0027;an University, Xi&#x0027;an, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084862352","display_name":"Antonio Pepe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7843-3565"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210125249","display_name":"Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente","ror":"https://ror.org/02wxw4x45","country_code":"IT","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210155236","display_name":"National Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04zaypm56","country_code":"IT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Pepe","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Research Council of Italy, Institute for the Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (CNR-IREA), Napoli, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7843-3565","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Research Council of Italy, Institute for the Electromagnetic Sensing of the Environment (CNR-IREA), Napoli, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210125249","https://openalex.org/I4210155236"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067881429","display_name":"Yufen Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-4518"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I106079672","display_name":"Hebei University of Engineering","ror":"https://ror.org/036h65h05","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I106079672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yufen Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mining and Geomatic Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0192-4518","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mining and Geomatic Engineering, Hebei University of Engineering, Handan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I106079672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":6.9963,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":12,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96104297,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":null,"first_page":"2437","last_page":"2448"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.8265004754066467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7052633166313171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.5999812483787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.5391642451286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kalman-filter","display_name":"Kalman filter","score":0.5265807509422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-processing","display_name":"Data processing","score":0.5072645545005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation-monitoring","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","score":0.506154477596283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.4822862446308136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4283060133457184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.42003703117370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.40211787819862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34988927841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deformation","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","score":0.29396867752075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.27803677320480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.10611018538475037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.10489293932914734}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.8265004754066467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7052633166313171},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.5999812483787537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.5391642451286316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157286648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846780","display_name":"Kalman filter","level":2,"score":0.5265807509422302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138827492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6661985","display_name":"Data processing","level":2,"score":0.5072645545005798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136428324","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q838414","display_name":"Deformation monitoring","level":3,"score":0.506154477596283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.4822862446308136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4283060133457184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.42003703117370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.40211787819862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34988927841186523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204366326","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3027650","display_name":"Deformation (meteorology)","level":2,"score":0.29396867752075195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.27803677320480347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.10611018538475037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.10489293932914734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9656571/09736625.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:90f74da2f9b9405aa2d430de7ce3c3fe","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/90f74da2f9b9405aa2d430de7ce3c3fe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Pp 2437-2448 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:zenodo.org:141377","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.openaccessrepository.it/record/141377","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402478","display_name":"INFM-OAR (INFN Catania)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210116497","host_organization_name":"Istituto Nazionale di Fisica Nucleare, Sezione di Catania","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210116497"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2022.3159666","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9656571/09736625.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1193784042","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"300102269303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2517963992","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"300102269303","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3108219817","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41731066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4205838605","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41929001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4736914885","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41731066","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8555043278","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41874005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8984524955","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"300102269719","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320318240","display_name":"European Space Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9za21"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225750988.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4225750988.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W80541942","https://openalex.org/W366318930","https://openalex.org/W1995169362","https://openalex.org/W2009528647","https://openalex.org/W2025494752","https://openalex.org/W2047029664","https://openalex.org/W2082137538","https://openalex.org/W2086011904","https://openalex.org/W2121773078","https://openalex.org/W2128513227","https://openalex.org/W2152657318","https://openalex.org/W2204693006","https://openalex.org/W2299508540","https://openalex.org/W2370213240","https://openalex.org/W2520673912","https://openalex.org/W2580442340","https://openalex.org/W2892096864","https://openalex.org/W2908287662","https://openalex.org/W2922795189","https://openalex.org/W2974318398","https://openalex.org/W2984967752","https://openalex.org/W2991800487","https://openalex.org/W2992527183","https://openalex.org/W3019735926","https://openalex.org/W3030289169","https://openalex.org/W3033862375","https://openalex.org/W3037457186","https://openalex.org/W3046302128","https://openalex.org/W3048444358","https://openalex.org/W3119433812","https://openalex.org/W3134764369","https://openalex.org/W3152676354","https://openalex.org/W3183841556","https://openalex.org/W3197596864","https://openalex.org/W3217136138","https://openalex.org/W6687896730"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206958763","https://openalex.org/W2159160885","https://openalex.org/W2099318526","https://openalex.org/W2354641586","https://openalex.org/W1991045795","https://openalex.org/W2276467122","https://openalex.org/W2369041528","https://openalex.org/W2034946657","https://openalex.org/W4381955402","https://openalex.org/W2105018547"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,30,56,98],"current":[1,51],"and":[2,61,88,173,190,214,233,244],"planned":[3],"synthetic":[4],"aperture":[5],"radar":[6],"(SAR)":[7],"sensors":[8],"mounted":[9],"on":[10],"satellite":[11],"platforms":[12],"will":[13,210,234],"continue":[14],"to":[15,70,113,145],"operate":[16],"over":[17],"the":[18,40,50,85,114,118,179,196,201,225,239],"coming":[19,226],"years,":[20],"providing":[21],"unprecedented":[22],"SAR":[23,35,175,231],"data":[24,38,93,232],"for":[25,39,90,94,105,120,217],"monitoring":[26,243],"wide-range":[27],"surface":[28,121],"deformations.":[29],"near":[31,95,206,219],"real-time":[32,96,220],"processing":[33,108,229],"of":[34,42,53,80,100,117,181,228],"interferometry":[36],"(InSAR)":[37],"retrieval":[41],"ground-deformation":[43,74],"time":[44,75,203],"series":[45,204],"is":[46,109],"urgently":[47],"required":[48],"in":[49,152,205,224,238],"era":[52,227],"big":[54,91,194,230],"data.":[55],"state-of-the-art":[57],"Kalman":[58],"filter":[59],"(KF)":[60],"sequential":[62],"least":[63],"squares":[64],"(SLS)":[65],"algorithms":[66],"have":[67],"been":[68],"proposed":[69,197],"update":[71],"an":[72,101],"InSAR-driven":[73],"series.":[76],"As":[77],"a":[78,110,125,148,158,163,212,236],"contribution":[79],"this":[81,143],"study,":[82],"we":[83,156,177],"customize":[84],"conventional":[86],"KF":[87,127],"SLS":[89,160],"InSAR":[92,107,154,221],"processing.":[97],"development":[99],"accurate":[102],"prediction":[103,137],"model":[104],"KF-based":[106],"challenge":[111],"owing":[112],"large":[115,149],"scale":[116],"targets":[119],"monitoring.":[122],"We":[123],"developed":[124,157],"modified":[126,159],"algorithm,":[128],"abbreviated":[129,139,167],"as":[130,140,168],"npKF,":[131],"that":[132],"does":[133],"not":[134],"require":[135],"any":[136],"information,":[138],"npKF.":[141],"In":[142],"context,":[144],"avoid":[146],"occupying":[147],"storage":[150,191],"space":[151],"SLS-based":[153],"processing,":[155],"algorithm":[161],"with":[162],"truncated":[164],"cofactor":[165],"matrix,":[166],"TSLS.":[169],"Using":[170],"both":[171],"simulated":[172],"actual":[174],"data,":[176,195],"evaluated":[178],"performance":[180],"these":[182],"methods":[183],"under":[184],"three":[185],"different":[186],"aspects:":[187],"accuracy,":[188],"computation,":[189],"performance.":[192],"With":[193],"method":[198],"can":[199],"estimate":[200],"deformation":[202,222],"real":[207],"time.":[208],"It":[209],"be":[211],"reliable":[213],"effective":[215],"tool":[216],"producing":[218],"products":[223],"play":[235],"part":[237],"geologic":[240],"hazard":[241],"routine":[242],"early":[245],"warning":[246],"system.":[247]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
