{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3194808133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","title":"Recognition and Mapping of Landslide Using a Fully Convolutional DenseNet and Influencing Factors","display_name":"Recognition and Mapping of Landslide Using a Fully Convolutional DenseNet and Influencing Factors","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3194808133","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","mag":"3194808133"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101977577","display_name":"Xiao Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2964-0605"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063406632","display_name":"Tao Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6965-1256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Spatial Information Engineering, Beijing, China","Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Key Laboratory of Urban Spatial Information Engineering, Beijing, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063163226","display_name":"Ruiqing Niu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0862-7890"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruiqing Niu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geophysics and Geomatics, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054292278","display_name":"Antonio Plaza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-1659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Plaza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica, University of Extremadura, C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Polit\u00e9cnica, University of Extremadura, C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":20.1803,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99485671,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"7881","last_page":"7894"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.98089998960495,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11512","display_name":"Anomaly Detection Techniques and Applications","score":0.9700000286102295,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8325986266136169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6116570234298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.49811530113220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landslide","display_name":"Landslide","score":0.47271984815597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.452706515789032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.44550031423568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.42451009154319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4160313904285431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subnetwork","display_name":"Subnetwork","score":0.41347578167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4063401222229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.36273837089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.10074925422668457}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8325986266136169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6116570234298706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.49811530113220215},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186295008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167903","display_name":"Landslide","level":2,"score":0.47271984815597534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.452706515789032},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.44550031423568726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.42451009154319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4160313904285431},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780186347","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11414","display_name":"Subnetwork","level":2,"score":0.41347578167915344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4063401222229004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.36273837089538574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.10074925422668457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:20d2aba4644a472ca825189bbf60c655","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/20d2aba4644a472ca825189bbf60c655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Pp 7881-7894 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3101203","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7200000286102295,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13","display_name":"Climate action"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3479671419","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"62071439","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6195110959","display_name":"\u4f4e\u7ef4\u4e0e\u9ad8\u7ef4\u6570\u5b66\u5f62\u6001\u5b66\u7406\u8bba\u6846\u67b6\u7684\u7edf\u4e00\u53ca\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871259","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":84,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99004795","https://openalex.org/W1012081417","https://openalex.org/W1538142388","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1912450706","https://openalex.org/W2005948635","https://openalex.org/W2012089683","https://openalex.org/W2016016500","https://openalex.org/W2053536071","https://openalex.org/W2058082754","https://openalex.org/W2063987149","https://openalex.org/W2093650457","https://openalex.org/W2095057310","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2112796928","https://openalex.org/W2117812871","https://openalex.org/W2155789665","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2236234032","https://openalex.org/W2322428454","https://openalex.org/W2331143823","https://openalex.org/W2333375380","https://openalex.org/W2359116675","https://openalex.org/W2384433608","https://openalex.org/W2395611524","https://openalex.org/W2408279554","https://openalex.org/W2414813772","https://openalex.org/W2492586371","https://openalex.org/W2521215546","https://openalex.org/W2538403209","https://openalex.org/W2578756457","https://openalex.org/W2599500356","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2775795276","https://openalex.org/W2790230321","https://openalex.org/W2800780290","https://openalex.org/W2814710923","https://openalex.org/W2903546516","https://openalex.org/W2904871403","https://openalex.org/W2907750714","https://openalex.org/W2912361013","https://openalex.org/W2915483120","https://openalex.org/W2949736877","https://openalex.org/W2963446712","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2963975324","https://openalex.org/W2964313613","https://openalex.org/W2990331528","https://openalex.org/W2990986966","https://openalex.org/W3004766715","https://openalex.org/W3010846872","https://openalex.org/W3012555526","https://openalex.org/W3017240201","https://openalex.org/W3030768590","https://openalex.org/W3035335060","https://openalex.org/W3037891846","https://openalex.org/W3043068087","https://openalex.org/W3048285196","https://openalex.org/W3080558256","https://openalex.org/W3081183014","https://openalex.org/W3083587759","https://openalex.org/W3091852895","https://openalex.org/W3097387309","https://openalex.org/W3111915298","https://openalex.org/W3119884910","https://openalex.org/W3135903521","https://openalex.org/W3142986697","https://openalex.org/W3143635792","https://openalex.org/W3151573151","https://openalex.org/W3163894833","https://openalex.org/W3182928821","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W6629843454","https://openalex.org/W6637373629","https://openalex.org/W6706776239","https://openalex.org/W6714181750","https://openalex.org/W6747218270","https://openalex.org/W6766223616","https://openalex.org/W6780695396","https://openalex.org/W7005902043","https://openalex.org/W7045675766"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2060724872","https://openalex.org/W2082094785","https://openalex.org/W2202198356","https://openalex.org/W3087203342","https://openalex.org/W2377184161","https://openalex.org/W228984114","https://openalex.org/W4226360758","https://openalex.org/W2151093953","https://openalex.org/W2090026684","https://openalex.org/W2907567977"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,172,195],"recognition":[1,193],"and":[2,13,16,25,37,71,118,170,182,186,191,210,217,220,228,235],"mapping":[3],"of":[4,27,44,79,130,136,139,158,184,198,215,233],"landslide":[5,28,144],"(RML)":[6],"is":[7,202,208,226],"an":[8],"important":[9],"task":[10],"in":[11,114,204,222,244],"hazard":[12],"risk":[14],"research":[15,83],"can":[17,177],"provide":[18],"a":[19,85,91,115,124],"scientific":[20],"basis":[21],"for":[22,168],"the":[23,41,77,97,105,119,128,131,134,137,143,151,156,159,180,199],"prevention":[24],"control":[26],"disasters.":[29],"However,":[30,62],"traditional":[31],"RML":[32,87,245],"methods":[33,47],"are":[34,111,121,147,188],"inefficient,":[35],"costly,":[36],"not":[38],"intuitive.":[39],"With":[40],"rapid":[42],"development":[43,78],"computer":[45],"vision,":[46],"based":[48,89],"on":[49,90,164],"convolutional":[50,99],"neural":[51],"networks":[52,167],"have":[53,75],"attracted":[54],"great":[55,242],"attention":[56],"due":[57],"to":[58],"their":[59],"numerous":[60],"advantages.":[61],"problems":[63],"such":[64],"as":[65],"insufficient":[66],"feature":[67],"extraction,":[68],"excessive":[69,192],"parameters,":[70],"slow":[72],"model":[73,140],"testing":[74],"restricted":[76],"this":[80,103],"technology.":[81],"This":[82],"proposes":[84],"new":[86,92,200],"framework":[88],"semantic":[93],"segmentation":[94],"network":[95],"termed":[96],"fully":[98],"DenseNet":[100],"(FC-DenseNet).":[101],"In":[102],"network,":[104],"features":[106],"extracted":[107],"from":[108],"each":[109],"layer":[110],"repeatedly":[112],"used":[113],"dense":[116],"connection,":[117],"parameters":[120],"controlled":[122],"by":[123],"bottle-neck":[125],"structure.":[126],"Meanwhile,":[127],"structure":[129],"encoder-decoder":[132],"solves":[133],"problem":[135],"slowness":[138],"testing.":[141],"Finally,":[142],"influencing":[145],"factors":[146],"added,":[148],"which":[149,207,225],"enriches":[150],"training":[152],"data.":[153],"To":[154],"verify":[155],"effectiveness":[157],"proposed":[160],"method,":[161],"we":[162],"focused":[163],"several":[165],"deep":[166],"comparison":[169],"analysis.":[171],"results":[173],"show":[174],"that":[175,214,232,239],"FC-DenseNet":[176,240],"better":[178],"recognize":[179],"boundary":[181],"interior":[183],"landslides,":[185],"there":[187],"fewer":[189],"missing":[190],"results.":[194],"kappa":[196],"value":[197],"method":[201],"94.72%":[203],"Site":[205,223],"1,":[206],"6%":[209,227],"4%":[211],"higher":[212,230],"than":[213,231],"U-Net":[216,234],"ResU-Net,":[218,236],"respectively,":[219,237],"94.56%":[221],"2,":[224],"3%":[229],"indicating":[238],"has":[241],"potential":[243],"applications.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":25},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-25T09:21:30.201066","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}