{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3140801455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","title":"Enhanced-Random-Feature-Subspace-Based Ensemble CNN for the Imbalanced Hyperspectral Image Classification","display_name":"Enhanced-Random-Feature-Subspace-Based Ensemble CNN for the Imbalanced Hyperspectral Image Classification","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3140801455","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","mag":"3140801455"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084049234","display_name":"Qinzhe Lv","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3977-1342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinzhe Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068336830","display_name":"Wei Feng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-2664"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1907-2664","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008256662","display_name":"Yinghui Quan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-9441"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yinghui Quan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6541-9441","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of remote sensing science, and technology, School of Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044570096","display_name":"Gabriel Dauphin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-6702"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210091279","display_name":"Universit\u00e9 Sorbonne Paris Nord","ror":"https://ror.org/0199hds37","country_code":"FR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210091279"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gabriel Dauphin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Information Processing, and Transmission, L2TI, Institut Galil\u00e9e, University Paris XIII, Villetaneuse, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0677-6702","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Information Processing, and Transmission, L2TI, Institut Galil\u00e9e, University Paris XIII, Villetaneuse, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210091279"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066378186","display_name":"Lianru Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-8124"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137199","display_name":"Aerospace Information Research Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/0419fj215","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lianru Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3888-8124","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science, Aerospace Information Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210137199"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021408538","display_name":"Mengdao Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-0915"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengdao Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4084-0915","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Academy of Advanced Interdisciplinary Research, Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":4.2161,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":49,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94700103,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"3988","last_page":"3999"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11652","display_name":"Imbalanced Data Classification Techniques","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.949400007724762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.7903461456298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.7675042152404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.7290984392166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7185299396514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subspace-topology","display_name":"Subspace topology","score":0.6662803292274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oversampling","display_name":"Oversampling","score":0.6648780107498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ensemble-learning","display_name":"Ensemble learning","score":0.6486517786979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6400509476661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-subspace-method","display_name":"Random subspace method","score":0.6272256970405579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","score":0.6053031086921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.5917674899101257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multiclass-classification","display_name":"Multiclass classification","score":0.5229388475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.4617476761341095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-selection","display_name":"Feature selection","score":0.4383801221847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.4361770749092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.41024351119995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.37991923093795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.30791622400283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2903064787387848}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.7903461456298828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.7675042152404785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.7290984392166138},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7185299396514893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C32834561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660730","display_name":"Subspace topology","level":2,"score":0.6662803292274475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197323446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331222","display_name":"Oversampling","level":3,"score":0.6648780107498169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45942800","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245652","display_name":"Ensemble learning","level":2,"score":0.6486517786979675},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6400509476661682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106135958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7291993","display_name":"Random subspace method","level":3,"score":0.6272256970405579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776401178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12050496","display_name":"Feature (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6053031086921692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.5917674899101257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123860398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6934605","display_name":"Multiclass classification","level":3,"score":0.5229388475418091},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.4617476761341095},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148483581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q446488","display_name":"Feature selection","level":2,"score":0.4383801221847534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.4361770749092102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.41024351119995117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.37991923093795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.30791622400283813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2903064787387848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:HAL:hal-03916082v1","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hal.science/hal-03916082","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402512","display_name":"HAL (Le Centre pour la Communication Scientifique Directe)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1294671590","host_organization_name":"Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1294671590"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, 2021, 14, pp.3988-3999. &#x27E8;10.1109/JSTARS.2021.3069013&#x27E9;","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bccf3cacd3c84d5796629e50b7d835f7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bccf3cacd3c84d5796629e50b7d835f7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Pp 3988-3999 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3069013","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4494920576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019LDE005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338150","funder_display_name":"Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4840223945","display_name":"\u9762\u5411\u5f39\u8f7d\u5fae\u6ce2\u524d\u89c6\u4e09\u7ef4\u6210\u50cf\u5236\u5bfc\u7684\u5f02\u6784\u53ef\u91cd\u6784\u8ba1\u7b97\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61772397","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5807194875","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"12005169","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7595304592","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2016YFE0200400","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336026","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China Stem Cell and Translational Research","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338150","display_name":"Open Research Fund of Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Science","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":46,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W28412257","https://openalex.org/W1521436688","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1996061706","https://openalex.org/W2000563363","https://openalex.org/W2004754531","https://openalex.org/W2018732570","https://openalex.org/W2025025456","https://openalex.org/W2025781128","https://openalex.org/W2033633237","https://openalex.org/W2046995465","https://openalex.org/W2053852479","https://openalex.org/W2097117768","https://openalex.org/W2099454382","https://openalex.org/W2099550922","https://openalex.org/W2107878631","https://openalex.org/W2118978333","https://openalex.org/W2273614765","https://openalex.org/W2300921526","https://openalex.org/W2558391528","https://openalex.org/W2570194385","https://openalex.org/W2572303978","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2625436554","https://openalex.org/W2749768874","https://openalex.org/W2761430711","https://openalex.org/W2767651786","https://openalex.org/W2792059834","https://openalex.org/W2794124609","https://openalex.org/W2794472454","https://openalex.org/W2894458221","https://openalex.org/W2909702091","https://openalex.org/W2912934387","https://openalex.org/W2913633272","https://openalex.org/W2942454403","https://openalex.org/W2945989246","https://openalex.org/W2946655868","https://openalex.org/W2953926847","https://openalex.org/W2957718075","https://openalex.org/W2987422477","https://openalex.org/W3022139529","https://openalex.org/W3039673966","https://openalex.org/W3100011500","https://openalex.org/W4212883601","https://openalex.org/W4302190632","https://openalex.org/W6637373629"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1981866886","https://openalex.org/W2052615004","https://openalex.org/W2952448206","https://openalex.org/W2046975922","https://openalex.org/W4361733484","https://openalex.org/W4256395896","https://openalex.org/W2057416691","https://openalex.org/W1760344465","https://openalex.org/W2770076983","https://openalex.org/W4205397888"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Hyperspectral":[0],"image":[1],"(HSI)":[2],"classification":[3],"often":[4],"faces":[5],"the":[6,18,22,37,48,60,66,98,136,148,151,157],"problem":[7,67],"of":[8,17,24,47,51,62,68,110,150],"multiclass":[9,69,81,99],"imbalance,":[10,82],"which":[11],"is":[12,45,55,105,154],"considered":[13],"to":[14,36,57,79,106,135],"be":[15],"one":[16,46],"major":[19],"challenges":[20],"in":[21],"field":[23],"remote":[25],"sensing.":[26],"In":[27,71],"recent":[28],"years,":[29],"deep":[30,162],"learning":[31,74,127,163],"has":[32,75],"been":[33,76],"successfully":[34,77],"applied":[35,78],"HSI":[38,137],"classification,":[39],"a":[40,91],"convolutional":[41],"neural":[42],"network":[43],"(CNN)":[44],"most":[49],"representative":[50],"them.":[52],"However,":[53],"it":[54],"difficult":[56],"effectively":[58],"improve":[59],"accuracy":[61],"minority":[63],"classes":[64],"under":[65],"imbalance.":[70],"addition,":[72],"ensemble":[73,94,126,164],"solve":[80],"such":[83],"as":[84],"random":[85,108,119,130],"forest":[86],"(RF)":[87],"This":[88],"article":[89],"proposes":[90],"novel":[92],"enhanced-random-feature-subspace-based":[93],"CNN":[95,134],"algorithm":[96],"for":[97],"imbalanced":[100],"problem.":[101],"The":[102],"main":[103],"idea":[104],"perform":[107],"oversampling":[109],"training":[111],"samples":[112],"and":[113,122,133,161],"multiple":[114],"data":[115],"enhancements":[116],"based":[117],"on":[118,141],"feature":[120,131],"subspace,":[121],"then,":[123],"construct":[124],"an":[125],"model":[128],"combining":[129],"selection":[132],"classification.":[138],"Experimental":[139],"results":[140],"three":[142],"public":[143],"hyperspectral":[144],"datasets":[145],"show":[146],"that":[147],"performance":[149],"proposed":[152],"method":[153],"better":[155],"than":[156],"traditional":[158],"CNN,":[159],"RF,":[160],"methods.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
