{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3138962416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","title":"Thin Cloud Removal for Multispectral Remote Sensing Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks Combined With an Imaging Model","display_name":"Thin Cloud Removal for Multispectral Remote Sensing Images Using Convolutional Neural Networks Combined With an Imaging Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3138962416","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","mag":"3138962416"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09384224.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09384224.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003803703","display_name":"Yue Zi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-0121-8961"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yue Zi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052196775","display_name":"Fengying Xie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-2345"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fengying Xie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5681-2345","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100404849","display_name":"Ning Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1920-0649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146919","display_name":"Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03j1pdd39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ning Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146919"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016853247","display_name":"Zhiguo Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-2540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiguo Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8786-2540","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031854562","display_name":"Wentao Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9290-1778"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210146919","display_name":"Shanghai Industrial Technology Institute","ror":"https://ror.org/03j1pdd39","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210146919"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wentao Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Shanghai, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shanghai Aerospace Electronic Technology Institute, Shanghai, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210146919"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100729435","display_name":"Haopeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1981-8307"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82880672","display_name":"Beihang University","ror":"https://ror.org/00wk2mp56","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haopeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1981-8307","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering and the Image Processing Center, School of Astronautics, Beihang University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82880672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"apc_paid":{"value":1750,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1750},"fwci":4.392,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":66,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94954711,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"3811","last_page":"3823"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.8640855550765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7325071692466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-computing","display_name":"Cloud computing","score":0.7093886733055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.6601293683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6565107703208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-pattern-recognition","display_name":"Multispectral pattern recognition","score":0.6352454423904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cloud-cover","display_name":"Cloud cover","score":0.4720994830131531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.45546138286590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-data","display_name":"Reference data","score":0.4191965162754059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3854566812515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.21699479222297668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/database","display_name":"Database","score":0.13758030533790588}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.8640855550765991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7325071692466736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79974875","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483639","display_name":"Cloud computing","level":2,"score":0.7093886733055115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.6601293683052063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6565107703208923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104541649","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6935090","display_name":"Multispectral pattern recognition","level":3,"score":0.6352454423904419},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206887242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830457","display_name":"Cloud cover","level":3,"score":0.4720994830131531},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.45546138286590576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60478076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3036835","display_name":"Reference data","level":2,"score":0.4191965162754059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3854566812515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.21699479222297668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77088390","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8513","display_name":"Database","level":1,"score":0.13758030533790588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09384224.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:40c57cdb4bb841da9fd5438358b90703","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/40c57cdb4bb841da9fd5438358b90703","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Pp 3811-3823 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3068166","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09384224.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G444973788","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019YFC1510905","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7781362149","display_name":"\u57fa\u4e8eWSI\u7684\u75c5\u7406\u56fe\u50cf\u8f85\u52a9\u8bca\u65ad\u6280\u672f\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61771031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7800108215","display_name":"\u76ae\u80a4\u955c\u56fe\u50cf\u591a\u5206\u7c7b\u7b97\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61871011","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8241082979","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61771031","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3138962416.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3138962416.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":40,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1522301498","https://openalex.org/W1641376073","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1977904037","https://openalex.org/W1978125380","https://openalex.org/W1980200890","https://openalex.org/W2018433067","https://openalex.org/W2062993267","https://openalex.org/W2088450236","https://openalex.org/W2095396982","https://openalex.org/W2125763679","https://openalex.org/W2128254161","https://openalex.org/W2129521039","https://openalex.org/W2135723070","https://openalex.org/W2137345370","https://openalex.org/W2157151912","https://openalex.org/W2181355678","https://openalex.org/W2256362396","https://openalex.org/W2292893424","https://openalex.org/W2519481857","https://openalex.org/W2584454718","https://openalex.org/W2736566689","https://openalex.org/W2767248074","https://openalex.org/W2779588807","https://openalex.org/W2793613573","https://openalex.org/W2886531064","https://openalex.org/W2896979201","https://openalex.org/W2899808048","https://openalex.org/W2902225348","https://openalex.org/W2912747420","https://openalex.org/W2946349008","https://openalex.org/W2964121744","https://openalex.org/W2984854008","https://openalex.org/W3011532417","https://openalex.org/W6631190155","https://openalex.org/W6636932914","https://openalex.org/W6639824700","https://openalex.org/W6655137304","https://openalex.org/W6685575056","https://openalex.org/W6726979445"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2128126485","https://openalex.org/W1995889410","https://openalex.org/W4382563209","https://openalex.org/W2124952510","https://openalex.org/W1752760603","https://openalex.org/W2777937183","https://openalex.org/W2108633818","https://openalex.org/W1517037119","https://openalex.org/W2138664739","https://openalex.org/W4389779246"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Multispectral":[0],"remote":[1],"sensing":[2],"images":[3,183,187,209],"are":[4,177],"often":[5],"degraded":[6],"by":[7,119],"clouds,":[8],"resulting":[9],"in":[10,207],"the":[11,25,66,73,87,95,103,112,121,127,132,189,199],"reduced":[12],"efficiency":[13],"and":[14,28,56,141,169,173,184,215],"accuracy":[15],"of":[16,24,53,72,90,108,157],"image":[17,115,129],"interpretation.":[18],"Thin":[19],"cloud":[20,43,69,98,105,123,135,146,166],"removal":[21,44],"is":[22,50,83,149],"one":[23],"most":[26],"important":[27],"significant":[29],"tasks":[30],"for":[31,46],"optical":[32],"multispectral":[33,47,208],"images.":[34],"In":[35],"this":[36],"article,":[37],"we":[38,61],"propose":[39],"a":[40,51,77,143,153],"novel":[41],"thin":[42,68,97,104,122,134,145,165,205],"method":[45,148,201],"images,":[48,160,163],"which":[49],"combination":[52],"traditional":[54,133],"methods":[55],"deep":[57],"learning":[58],"methods.":[59],"First,":[60],"adopt":[62],"U-Net":[63,140],"to":[64,85,94,101,131,151],"estimate":[65,86],"reference":[67,96,164],"thickness":[70,88,99,106,124,167,170],"map":[71,100],"cloudy":[74,128,159,182,186],"image.":[75],"Then,":[76],"convolutional":[78],"neural":[79],"network":[80],"named":[81],"Slope-Net":[82],"designed":[84],"coefficient":[89],"each":[91],"band":[92],"relative":[93],"obtain":[102],"maps":[107,125],"different":[109],"bands.":[110],"Finally,":[111],"recovered":[113],"clear":[114,162],"can":[116,202],"be":[117],"obtained":[118],"subtracting":[120],"from":[126,188],"according":[130],"imaging":[136],"model.":[137],"To":[138],"train":[139],"Slope-Net,":[142],"wavelength-dependent":[144],"simulation":[147],"presented":[150],"generate":[152],"labeled":[154],"dataset":[155],"composed":[156],"synthetic":[158,181],"corresponding":[161],"maps,":[168],"coefficients.":[171],"Qualitative":[172],"quantitative":[174],"comparison":[175],"experiments":[176],"conducted":[178],"on":[179],"both":[180],"real":[185],"Landsat":[190],"8":[191],"Operational":[192],"Land":[193],"Imager.":[194],"The":[195],"results":[196],"indicate":[197],"that":[198],"proposed":[200],"effectively":[203],"remove":[204],"clouds":[206],"with":[210],"various":[211],"land":[212],"cover":[213],"types":[214],"maintain":[216],"good":[217],"color":[218],"fidelity.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-08-28T12:50:07.497085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
