{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3129136539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","title":"Temporal Series Crop Classification Study in Rural China Based on Sentinel-1 SAR Data","display_name":"Temporal Series Crop Classification Study in Rural China Based on Sentinel-1 SAR Data","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3129136539","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","mag":"3129136539"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09351589.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09351589.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100451705","display_name":"Xiao Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6625-5063"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6625-5063","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100742149","display_name":"Yilong Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3151-6259"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I172675005","display_name":"Nanyang Technological University","ror":"https://ror.org/02e7b5302","country_code":"SG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]}],"countries":["SG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilong Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical, and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","ORCiD"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3151-6259","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical, and Electronic Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I172675005"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"ORCiD","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101354350","display_name":"Xiaoman Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802615301","display_name":"China Aerospace Science and Technology Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01z8tr155","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoman Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology Company, Ltd., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology Company, Ltd., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802615301"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100443212","display_name":"Ting Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1725-7956"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ting Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology (Asia) Pte. Ltd., Singapore"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Twenty First Century Aerospace Technology (Asia) Pte. Ltd., Singapore","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":0.6543,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.69461465,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":null,"first_page":"2769","last_page":"2780"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9851999878883362,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6473851203918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.590638279914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.5844013690948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.5581790804862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.4183996021747589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36797308921813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.17722439765930176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13742443919181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12977126240730286}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6473851203918457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.590638279914856},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.5844013690948486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.5581790804862976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4183996021747589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36797308921813965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.17722439765930176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13742443919181824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12977126240730286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09351589.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:11dd6026b4504ee2aee5c040ca585af1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/11dd6026b4504ee2aee5c040ca585af1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Pp 2769-2780 (2021)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2021.3057903","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/9314330/09351589.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3129136539.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3129136539.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":26,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1554190159","https://openalex.org/W1930624869","https://openalex.org/W1986658172","https://openalex.org/W1994490949","https://openalex.org/W2019601122","https://openalex.org/W2023912087","https://openalex.org/W2091994321","https://openalex.org/W2187127046","https://openalex.org/W2261059368","https://openalex.org/W2438450043","https://openalex.org/W2587456632","https://openalex.org/W2615031214","https://openalex.org/W2620657726","https://openalex.org/W2728388975","https://openalex.org/W2767953525","https://openalex.org/W2783608381","https://openalex.org/W2785681726","https://openalex.org/W2790899344","https://openalex.org/W2791592925","https://openalex.org/W2981346076","https://openalex.org/W2986339177","https://openalex.org/W3000271845","https://openalex.org/W3002867668","https://openalex.org/W3041690742","https://openalex.org/W4214926090","https://openalex.org/W6640462745"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2350270224","https://openalex.org/W2354620178","https://openalex.org/W600967366","https://openalex.org/W2383989146","https://openalex.org/W2351486628","https://openalex.org/W4252699458","https://openalex.org/W2622688551","https://openalex.org/W1550175370","https://openalex.org/W2119012848","https://openalex.org/W1990205660"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Crop":[0],"classification":[1,44,62,132],"is":[2,108],"one":[3],"of":[4,55,67,72,84,93,122,136,146],"the":[5,53,123,149],"focused":[6],"topics":[7],"in":[8,47,63,142,152],"remote":[9],"sensing":[10],"study":[11,140],"nowadays.":[12],"Optical":[13],"imageries,":[14],"although":[15],"providing":[16],"much":[17],"information,":[18],"are":[19,31,39,90],"often":[20,40],"contaminated":[21],"with":[22],"cloud":[23],"or":[24],"other":[25],"weather":[26],"effects":[27],"while":[28],"SAR":[29,58,115,124,164],"imageries":[30],"more":[32],"resilient":[33],"to":[34,42,110],"those.":[35],"Temporal":[36],"series":[37,57],"data":[38],"used":[41],"improve":[43],"accuracy,":[45],"especially":[46],"crop":[48,61,96],"classification.":[49],"This":[50],"article":[51],"investigates":[52],"usage":[54],"temporal":[56,120,137],"imagery":[59],"on":[60],"vast":[64],"rural":[65],"areas":[66],"China.":[68],"The":[69,139],"selected":[70],"area":[71],"interest":[73],"has":[74],"a":[75,157],"complicated,":[76],"heavily":[77],"mixed":[78],"agriculture":[79],"as":[80,82],"well":[81],"lots":[83],"nonagricultural":[85],"landcovers.":[86],"Total":[87],"ten":[88,150],"classes":[89,151],"considered,":[91],"six":[92],"them":[94],"being":[95],"types.":[97],"A":[98],"pixel-based":[99],"classifier":[100],"using":[101,163],"subspace":[102],"kth":[103],"nearest":[104],"neighbor":[105],"(KNN)":[106],"algorithm":[107],"applied":[109],"open":[111],"source":[112],"Sentinel-1":[113],"polarized":[114],"data.":[116,165],"Discussion":[117],"includes":[118],"analyzing":[119],"features":[121],"observation,":[125],"time":[126],"domain":[127],"smoothing,":[128],"feature":[129],"engineering,":[130],"different":[131],"algorithms,":[133],"and":[134],"selection":[135],"series.":[138],"results":[141],"an":[143],"overall":[144],"accuracy":[145],"98.2%":[147],"for":[148,160],"fivefold":[153],"cross":[154],"validation,":[155],"indicating":[156],"propitious":[158],"application":[159],"agricultural":[161],"monitoring":[162]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
