{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3043891552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","title":"Quantifying the Uncertainty in Ground-Based GNSS-Reflectometry Sea Level Measurements","display_name":"Quantifying the Uncertainty in Ground-Based GNSS-Reflectometry Sea Level Measurements","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3043891552","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","mag":"3043891552"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09144372.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09144372.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046903951","display_name":"David Purnell","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-9880"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David Purnell","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4957-9880","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080211058","display_name":"Natalya Gomez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2463-7917"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I5023651","display_name":"McGill University","ror":"https://ror.org/01pxwe438","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Natalya Gomez","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2463-7917","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I5023651"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075018788","display_name":"N. H. Chan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7212-5684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","display_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04z8jg394","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ngai Ham Chan","raw_affiliation_strings":["German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Wissenschaftspark Albert Einstein, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7212-5684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Wissenschaftspark Albert Einstein, Telegrafenberg, Potsdam, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033607206","display_name":"Joakim Strandberg","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-2976"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","display_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/040wg7k59","country_code":"SE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}],"countries":["SE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joakim Strandberg","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology at the Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1564-2976","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Space, Earth and Environment, Chalmers University of Technology at the Onsala Space Observatory, Onsala, Sweden","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017333323","display_name":"David M. Holland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-0866"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David M. Holland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Sea Level Change, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5768-0866","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Sea Level Change, New York University Abu Dhabi, Abu Dhabi, UAE","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013503605","display_name":"Thomas Hobiger","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-2742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I100066346","display_name":"University of Stuttgart","ror":"https://ror.org/04vnq7t77","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Thomas Hobiger","raw_affiliation_strings":["Universit\u00e4t Stuttgart Institut f\u00fcr Navigation, Stuttgart, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3116-2742","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Universit\u00e4t Stuttgart Institut f\u00fcr Navigation, Stuttgart, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I100066346"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":5.9758,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9682338,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"4419","last_page":"4428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.8026241064071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectometry","display_name":"Reflectometry","score":0.7185490727424622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6401761770248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.5865568518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.5815746188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sensitivity","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","score":0.5298746824264526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4796077013015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square","display_name":"Root mean square","score":0.4710371792316437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tide-gauge","display_name":"Tide gauge","score":0.46977370977401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.4479047954082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.43879953026771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4365988075733185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.35204842686653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.29983285069465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-level","display_name":"Sea level","score":0.26448410749435425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.2601524591445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.22812002897262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.16724899411201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1420273780822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.0787937343120575}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.8026241064071655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778925768","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454718","display_name":"Reflectometry","level":3,"score":0.7185490727424622},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6401761770248413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.5865568518638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.5815746188163757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21200559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7451068","display_name":"Sensitivity (control systems)","level":2,"score":0.5298746824264526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4796077013015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.4710371792316437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136856113","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q686697","display_name":"Tide gauge","level":3,"score":0.46977370977401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.4479047954082489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.43879953026771545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4365988075733185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.35204842686653137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.29983285069465637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74501621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465","display_name":"Sea level","level":2,"score":0.26448410749435425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.2601524591445923},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.22812002897262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.16724899411201477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1420273780822754},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0787937343120575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103824480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185889","display_name":"Time domain","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09144372.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c2d613fb74c4432b9a734b3739bfa6ff","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c2d613fb74c4432b9a734b3739bfa6ff","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Pp 4419-4428 (2020)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de:item_5003251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5003251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz.de:item_5003251","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5003251","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:519058","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/519058","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""},{"id":"pmh:oai:research.chalmers.se:519253","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://research.chalmers.se/en/publication/eff9e9f2-7d9a-48f6-acc3-81a19a79f994","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402469","display_name":"Chalmers Research (Chalmers University of Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I66862912","host_organization_name":"Chalmers University of Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66862912"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":""}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.3010413","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09144372.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8700000047683716}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6290912718","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"G1204","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313203","funder_display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320313203","display_name":"New York University Abu Dhabi","ror":"https://ror.org/00e5k0821"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320994","display_name":"Canada Research Chairs","ror":"https://ror.org/0517h6h17"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332181","display_name":"National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/02z5nhe81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334841","display_name":"Fonds de recherche du Qu\u00e9bec \u2013 Nature et technologies","ror":"https://ror.org/00b9f9778"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334971","display_name":"Science and Engineering Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/00zgdb249"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3043891552.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3043891552.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1811103428","https://openalex.org/W1974017133","https://openalex.org/W1978220353","https://openalex.org/W1986916810","https://openalex.org/W1995274007","https://openalex.org/W1996136005","https://openalex.org/W2004381150","https://openalex.org/W2008435261","https://openalex.org/W2018346289","https://openalex.org/W2026197544","https://openalex.org/W2041076557","https://openalex.org/W2054539972","https://openalex.org/W2076413875","https://openalex.org/W2079458610","https://openalex.org/W2081182187","https://openalex.org/W2173246082","https://openalex.org/W2341891498","https://openalex.org/W2491625194","https://openalex.org/W2560477285","https://openalex.org/W2565980088","https://openalex.org/W2593051926","https://openalex.org/W2604838002","https://openalex.org/W2884871096","https://openalex.org/W2920369931","https://openalex.org/W2996969204","https://openalex.org/W6753864224","https://openalex.org/W6772370015"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2140036717","https://openalex.org/W2091193607","https://openalex.org/W4386936491","https://openalex.org/W2740008805","https://openalex.org/W3007931018","https://openalex.org/W3110195467","https://openalex.org/W3171330215","https://openalex.org/W2035752977","https://openalex.org/W2597922112","https://openalex.org/W1999085356"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Global":[0],"Navigation":[1],"Satellite":[2],"System":[3],"reflectometry":[4],"(GNSS-R)":[5],"tide":[6,14,30,91],"gauges":[7],"are":[8],"a":[9,28,47,89,246],"promising":[10],"alternative":[11],"to":[12,25,50,79,122,145,189,206,218],"traditional":[13],"gauges.":[15],"However,":[16],"the":[17,42,52,73,109,116,128,140,146,155,164,167,172,178,184,190,199,207,214,219,232],"precision":[18,53,149],"of":[19,39,54,142,158,166,175,186,192,209,221,234],"GNSS-R":[20,55,86],"sea-level":[21,56,187],"measurements":[22,26,57,87,126,188],"when":[23],"compared":[24,78],"from":[27,72],"colocated":[29,90],"gauge":[31,92],"is":[32,77,112,154,171,203,224,244],"highly":[33],"variable,":[34],"with":[35],"no":[36],"clear":[37],"indication":[38],"what":[40],"causes":[41],"variability.":[43],"Here,":[44],"we":[45,182],"present":[46],"modeling":[48],"technique":[49],"estimate":[51],"that":[58,108,152,198],"relies":[59],"on":[60],"creating":[61],"and":[62,88,96,103,135,150,196],"analyzing":[63],"synthetic":[64,74],"signal-to-noise-ratio":[65],"(SNR)":[66],"data.":[67],"The":[68],"modeled":[69],"value":[70],"obtained":[71],"SNR":[75],"data":[76],"observed":[80],"root":[81],"mean":[82],"square":[83],"error":[84],"between":[85],"at":[93,226],"five":[94],"sites":[95],"using":[97],"two":[98,129],"retrieval":[99],"methods:":[100],"spectral":[101,117,161,200],"analysis":[102,118,162,201],"inverse":[104,110,179,215],"modeling.":[105],"We":[106,138],"find":[107,151,197],"method":[111,119,202,216],"more":[113,204],"precise":[114],"than":[115,213],"by":[120],"up":[121],"60%":[123],"for":[124,133,160,177,238],"individual":[125],"but":[127,243],"methods":[130],"perform":[131],"similarly":[132],"daily":[134],"monthly":[136],"means.":[137],"quantify":[139],"contribution":[141],"dominant":[143,156,173],"effects":[144],"variations":[147],"in":[148],"noise":[153],"source":[157,174],"uncertainty":[159,176],"whereas":[163],"effect":[165,220,233],"dynamic":[168],"sea":[169],"surface":[170],"method.":[180],"Additionally,":[181],"test":[183],"sensitivity":[185],"choice":[191,208],"elevation":[193,210,228,240],"angle":[194,211,229,241],"interval":[195,212],"sensitive":[205],"due":[217],"noise,":[222],"which":[223],"greater":[225],"larger":[227],"intervals.":[230],"Conversely,":[231],"tropospheric":[235],"delay":[236],"increases":[237],"lower":[239],"intervals":[242],"generally":[245],"minor":[247],"contribution.":[248]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-19T17:40:00.097472","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
