{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3034092487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","title":"Infrared Dim and Small Target Detection Based on Greedy Bilateral Factorization in Image Sequences","display_name":"Infrared Dim and Small Target Detection Based on Greedy Bilateral Factorization in Image Sequences","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-01-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3034092487","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","mag":"3034092487"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09104930.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09104930.pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034772830","display_name":"Dongdong Pang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-1840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongdong Pang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2934-1840","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021225554","display_name":"Tao Shan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5351-2312"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Shan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5351-2312","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100317994","display_name":"Wei Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-7335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wei Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7015-7335","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5036390257","display_name":"Pengge Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7111-0547"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I192868223","display_name":"Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics","ror":"https://ror.org/01qjyzh50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I192868223"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengge Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Intelligent Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Intelligent Engineering, Zhengzhou University of Aeronautics, Zhengzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I192868223"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053773849","display_name":"Shengheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6579-9798"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I76569877","display_name":"Southeast University","ror":"https://ror.org/04ct4d772","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6579-9798","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information Science and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I76569877"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067803447","display_name":"Ran Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5243-7189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ran Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5243-7189","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, Beijing Key Laboratory of Fractional Signals and Systems, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"fwci":55.7848,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99713516,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":null,"first_page":"3394","last_page":"3408"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12389","display_name":"Infrared Target Detection Methodologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12994","display_name":"Infrared Thermography in Medicine","score":0.9948999881744385,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14257","display_name":"Advanced Measurement and Detection Methods","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/greedy-algorithm","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","score":0.7193849682807922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6708441972732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5167190432548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/factorization","display_name":"Factorization","score":0.5075129270553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.49924254417419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/false-alarm","display_name":"False alarm","score":0.48129263520240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.4644124209880829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rank","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","score":0.457516610622406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4392436742782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.43063926696777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3971330523490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.22959238290786743}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51823790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504353","display_name":"Greedy algorithm","level":2,"score":0.7193849682807922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6708441972732544},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5167190432548523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187834632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188804","display_name":"Factorization","level":2,"score":0.5075129270553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.49924254417419434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776836416","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1364844","display_name":"False alarm","level":2,"score":0.48129263520240784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.4644124209880829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164226766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293202","display_name":"Rank (graph theory)","level":2,"score":0.457516610622406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4392436742782593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.43063926696777344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3971330523490906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.22959238290786743},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09104930.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:dc6c1753fd9d41e4b7b75020416e4568","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/dc6c1753fd9d41e4b7b75020416e4568","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Pp 3394-3408 (2020)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2020.2998822","pdf_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/ielx7/4609443/8994817/09104930.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4417359500","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1833203","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G459116699","display_name":"\u7a00\u758f\u5206\u6570\u5085\u91cc\u53f6\u53d8\u6362\u53ca\u5176\u5e94\u7528\u7814\u7a76","funder_award_id":"61671060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4639895821","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61421001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034092487.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3034092487.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1557315467","https://openalex.org/W1613135907","https://openalex.org/W1978993121","https://openalex.org/W1992873714","https://openalex.org/W2010313794","https://openalex.org/W2041560658","https://openalex.org/W2060490992","https://openalex.org/W2068439890","https://openalex.org/W2080197848","https://openalex.org/W2103325283","https://openalex.org/W2114699818","https://openalex.org/W2117756735","https://openalex.org/W2118115006","https://openalex.org/W2118702465","https://openalex.org/W2140803156","https://openalex.org/W2145962650","https://openalex.org/W2279687147","https://openalex.org/W2327560060","https://openalex.org/W2341998679","https://openalex.org/W2344310038","https://openalex.org/W2407220925","https://openalex.org/W2476118598","https://openalex.org/W2499656830","https://openalex.org/W2588370006","https://openalex.org/W2604768956","https://openalex.org/W2741058951","https://openalex.org/W2744044201","https://openalex.org/W2770868881","https://openalex.org/W2774646044","https://openalex.org/W2782405382","https://openalex.org/W2790021535","https://openalex.org/W2790555938","https://openalex.org/W2900546872","https://openalex.org/W2900678331","https://openalex.org/W2904893761","https://openalex.org/W2912919760","https://openalex.org/W2930504574","https://openalex.org/W2941473825","https://openalex.org/W2942839421","https://openalex.org/W2945811666","https://openalex.org/W2952513291","https://openalex.org/W3001427728","https://openalex.org/W6636306374","https://openalex.org/W6652744587","https://openalex.org/W6680860885"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4387497383","https://openalex.org/W3183948672","https://openalex.org/W3173606202","https://openalex.org/W3110381201","https://openalex.org/W2948807893","https://openalex.org/W2778153218","https://openalex.org/W2758277628","https://openalex.org/W1531601525","https://openalex.org/W1973739845","https://openalex.org/W119752240"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Fast":[0],"and":[1,6,21,45,67,81,106,160],"stable":[2],"detection":[3,29,146],"of":[4,38,50,92,126,134],"dim":[5,80],"small":[7,26,82],"infrared":[8],"(IR)":[9],"targets":[10,158],"in":[11,41,163],"complex":[12,46,89,164],"backgrounds":[13],"has":[14,144],"important":[15,58],"practical":[16],"significance":[17],"for":[18,78],"IR":[19,27,79,93],"search":[20],"tracking":[22],"system.":[23],"The":[24,152],"existing":[25,150],"target":[28,52,83,97],"methods":[30],"usually":[31],"fail":[32],"or":[33],"cause":[34],"a":[35,51,65],"high":[36],"probability":[37],"false":[39],"alarm":[40],"the":[42,55,88,96,114,123,127,132,135,141,149],"highly":[43],"heterogeneous":[44],"backgrounds.":[47],"Continuous":[48],"motion":[49,104],"relative":[53],"to":[54,121],"background":[56],"is":[57,76,98,111,119],"information":[59,91],"regarding":[60],"detection.":[61,84],"In":[62],"this":[63],"article,":[64],"low-rank":[66,124],"sparse":[68,103],"decomposition":[69],"method":[70,143,154],"based":[71],"on":[72],"greedy":[73,115],"bilateral":[74,116],"factorization":[75,117],"proposed":[77,142,153],"First,":[85],"by":[86],"analyzing":[87],"structure":[90,105],"image":[94],"sequences,":[95],"regarded":[99],"as":[100],"an":[101,107],"independent":[102],"efficient":[108],"optimization":[109],"algorithm":[110],"designed.":[112],"Second,":[113],"strategy":[118],"adopted":[120],"approximate":[122],"part":[125],"algorithm,":[128],"which":[129],"significantly":[130],"accelerates":[131],"efficiency":[133],"algorithm.":[136],"Extensive":[137],"experiments":[138],"demonstrate":[139],"that":[140],"better":[145],"performance":[147],"than":[148],"methods.":[151],"can":[155],"still":[156],"detect":[157],"quickly":[159],"stably":[161],"especially":[162],"scenes":[165],"with":[166],"weak":[167],"signal-to-noise":[168],"ratio.":[169]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}