{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2949747604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2918487","title":"Determining Effective Meter-Scale Image Data and Spectral Vegetation Indices for Tropical Forest Tree Species Differentiation","display_name":"Determining Effective Meter-Scale Image Data and Spectral Vegetation Indices for Tropical Forest Tree Species Differentiation","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2949747604","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2918487","mag":"2949747604"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2019.2918487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2918487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068630921","display_name":"Matthew D. Cross","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1263-5156"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthew D. Cross","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1263-5156","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Theodore Scambos","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I188538660","display_name":"University of Colorado Boulder","ror":"https://ror.org/02ttsq026","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Theodore Scambos","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Snow and Ice Data Center, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I188538660"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109200667","display_name":"Fabio Pacifici","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabio Pacifici","raw_affiliation_strings":["DigitalGlobe Inc., Westminster, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"DigitalGlobe Inc., Westminster, CO, USA","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050189395","display_name":"Wesley E. Marshall","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3106-7342"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I921990950","display_name":"University of Colorado Denver","ror":"https://ror.org/02hh7en24","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wesley E. Marshall","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Colorado Denver, Denver, CO, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I921990950"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.736,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":20,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84307186,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"8","first_page":"2934","last_page":"2943"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10895","display_name":"Species Distribution and Climate Change","score":0.9945999979972839,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2302","display_name":"Ecological Modeling"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.7005425691604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6906996965408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-vegetation","display_name":"Tropical vegetation","score":0.5905504822731018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tree","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","score":0.5556374788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ground-truth","display_name":"Ground truth","score":0.5324467420578003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scale","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","score":0.5133723020553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropical-and-subtropical-dry-broadleaf-forests","display_name":"Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests","score":0.4532233476638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image-resolution","display_name":"Image resolution","score":0.44633209705352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.4251558184623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/red-edge","display_name":"Red edge","score":0.4245378077030182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tropics","display_name":"Tropics","score":0.3378123342990875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.31819936633110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.24952083826065063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.23863127827644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.23521506786346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.200238436460495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.15885517001152039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.13787567615509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agroforestry","display_name":"Agroforestry","score":0.10700869560241699}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.7005425691604614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6906996965408325},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91492127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7846186","display_name":"Tropical vegetation","level":3,"score":0.5905504822731018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.5556374788284302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146849305","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q370766","display_name":"Ground truth","level":2,"score":0.5324467420578003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.5133723020553589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108216600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q511668","display_name":"Tropical and subtropical dry broadleaf forests","level":2,"score":0.4532233476638794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205372480","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210521","display_name":"Image resolution","level":2,"score":0.44633209705352783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.4251558184623718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776388979","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3422640","display_name":"Red edge","level":3,"score":0.4245378077030182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50660011","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42530","display_name":"Tropics","level":2,"score":0.3378123342990875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.31819936633110046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.24952083826065063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.23863127827644348},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.23521506786346436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.200238436460495},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.15885517001152039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.13787567615509033},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.10700869560241699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2019.2918487","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2918487","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4000000059604645,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W183668695","https://openalex.org/W1480544864","https://openalex.org/W1545581754","https://openalex.org/W1685317713","https://openalex.org/W1964050442","https://openalex.org/W1965371835","https://openalex.org/W1968385740","https://openalex.org/W1969568499","https://openalex.org/W1969697536","https://openalex.org/W1977904037","https://openalex.org/W1980852692","https://openalex.org/W1986609320","https://openalex.org/W1991715710","https://openalex.org/W1998842586","https://openalex.org/W1998902551","https://openalex.org/W2000613913","https://openalex.org/W2002765214","https://openalex.org/W2004553299","https://openalex.org/W2015208019","https://openalex.org/W2018027183","https://openalex.org/W2020441117","https://openalex.org/W2020860387","https://openalex.org/W2025967407","https://openalex.org/W2026383390","https://openalex.org/W2036003376","https://openalex.org/W2037555104","https://openalex.org/W2039201841","https://openalex.org/W2052700773","https://openalex.org/W2056052208","https://openalex.org/W2059377398","https://openalex.org/W2059523177","https://openalex.org/W2066015174","https://openalex.org/W2075021380","https://openalex.org/W2078924026","https://openalex.org/W2089302756","https://openalex.org/W2089458048","https://openalex.org/W2097192876","https://openalex.org/W2098528582","https://openalex.org/W2101604360","https://openalex.org/W2109191549","https://openalex.org/W2134312403","https://openalex.org/W2143401032","https://openalex.org/W2155863249","https://openalex.org/W2156854396","https://openalex.org/W2161815745","https://openalex.org/W2167869331","https://openalex.org/W2171992352","https://openalex.org/W2175013224","https://openalex.org/W2184308676","https://openalex.org/W2273147317","https://openalex.org/W2315957134","https://openalex.org/W2485576679","https://openalex.org/W2546495187","https://openalex.org/W2617056706","https://openalex.org/W2790531736","https://openalex.org/W3021793246","https://openalex.org/W4300414124","https://openalex.org/W6607567334","https://openalex.org/W6632723576","https://openalex.org/W6731865365","https://openalex.org/W7042566998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2589071916","https://openalex.org/W2099766519","https://openalex.org/W2883830382","https://openalex.org/W2036797567","https://openalex.org/W2139939267","https://openalex.org/W2291956990","https://openalex.org/W1919808757","https://openalex.org/W3100690219","https://openalex.org/W2040547031","https://openalex.org/W2048518869"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0,102,125],"evaluate":[1,127],"several":[2],"high-resolution":[3],"remote":[4],"sensing":[5],"data":[6,50],"products":[7],"derived":[8],"from":[9,109],"WorldView-3":[10,61,142],"satellite":[11],"imagery":[12],"to":[13,44,75],"determine":[14],"which":[15],"product":[16,18],"or":[17],"grouping":[19],"would":[20,164],"be":[21],"most":[22,96],"applicable":[23],"for":[24,51,98,150],"identifying":[25],"and":[26,69,88,115,133,161],"mapping":[27],"tropical":[28,121,151,170],"tree":[29,79,99,122,152],"species.":[30,80,153],"The":[31],"study":[32,83],"site,":[33],"La":[34],"Selva":[35],"Biological":[36],"Station":[37],"in":[38],"Costa":[39],"Rica,":[40],"provides":[41],"the":[42,60,85,95,110,146],"infrastructure":[43],"facilitate":[45],"collection":[46],"of":[47,67,120,156,169],"proper":[48],"ground-truth":[49],"image":[52,71,86,143],"validation.":[53],"An":[54],"objective":[55],"statistical":[56],"analysis":[57],"demonstrated":[58],"that":[59,93,104,135],"imagery,":[62],"after":[63],"applying":[64],"a":[65],"series":[66],"spectral":[68,90],"illumination":[70],"corrections,":[72],"was":[73],"able":[74],"accurately":[76],"identify":[77],"selected":[78],"Specifically,":[81],"this":[82],"defines":[84],"bands":[87],"image-derived":[89],"vegetation":[91,131,162],"indices":[92,132,138,163],"are":[94,117],"effective":[97],"species":[100,123],"discrimination.":[101],"show":[103,134],"corrected":[105],"absolute":[106],"reflectivity":[107],"values":[108],"green,":[111],"red,":[112],"red":[113],"edge,":[114],"near-infrared":[116],"good":[118],"differentiators":[119],"crowns.":[124],"also":[126],"14":[128],"possible":[129],"multiband":[130],"two":[136],"new":[137],"developed":[139],"here,":[140],"using":[141],"bands,":[144],"have":[145],"highest":[147],"discriminatory":[148],"power":[149],"A":[154],"combination":[155],"both":[157],"individual":[158],"band":[159],"information":[160],"significantly":[165],"improve":[166],"image-based":[167],"classification":[168],"forests.":[171]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
