{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2919929126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2895693","title":"Retro-Remote Sensing: Generating Images From Ancient Texts","display_name":"Retro-Remote Sensing: Generating Images From Ancient Texts","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2919929126","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2895693","mag":"2919929126"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2019.2895693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2895693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039020372","display_name":"Mesay Belete Bejiga","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2683-6589"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mesay Belete Bejiga","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021389231","display_name":"Farid Melgani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-3732"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Farid Melgani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9745-3732","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021459083","display_name":"Antonio Vascotto","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","display_name":"University of Trento","ror":"https://ror.org/05trd4x28","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Vascotto","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Information Engineering, University of Trento, Trento, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039020372"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3274,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84261303,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"950","last_page":"960"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11714","display_name":"Multimodal Machine Learning Applications","score":0.9873999953269958,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10627","display_name":"Advanced Image and Video Retrieval Techniques","score":0.9747999906539917,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11439","display_name":"Video Analysis and Summarization","score":0.963699996471405,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/closed-captioning","display_name":"Closed captioning","score":0.8990230560302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8267847299575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modality","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","score":0.7090756297111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modalities","display_name":"Modalities","score":0.6657425165176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6104668378829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/focus","display_name":"Focus (optics)","score":0.6097350120544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.528599739074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-model","display_name":"Generative model","score":0.46751075983047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multimodal-learning","display_name":"Multimodal learning","score":0.4602784812450409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.45189714431762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.4487265646457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-grammar","display_name":"Generative grammar","score":0.434296578168869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.3254384994506836}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157657479","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2367247","display_name":"Closed captioning","level":3,"score":0.8990230560302734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8267847299575806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780226545","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888030","display_name":"Modality (human\u2013computer interaction)","level":2,"score":0.7090756297111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779903281","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6888026","display_name":"Modalities","level":2,"score":0.6657425165176392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6104668378829956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192209626","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190909","display_name":"Focus (optics)","level":2,"score":0.6097350120544434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.528599739074707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167966045","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5532625","display_name":"Generative model","level":3,"score":0.46751075983047485},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780660688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25052564","display_name":"Multimodal learning","level":2,"score":0.4602784812450409},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.45189714431762695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4487265646457672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39890363","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36108","display_name":"Generative grammar","level":2,"score":0.434296578168869},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.3254384994506836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2019.2895693","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2019.2895693","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:iris.unitn.it:11572/250857","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/11572/250857","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401913","display_name":"Institutional Research Information System (Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Trento)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I193223587","host_organization_name":"University of Trento","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193223587"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4","score":0.7400000095367432}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1544201619","https://openalex.org/W1614298861","https://openalex.org/W1836465849","https://openalex.org/W2068028022","https://openalex.org/W2099471712","https://openalex.org/W2125389028","https://openalex.org/W2128977740","https://openalex.org/W2250539671","https://openalex.org/W2322608804","https://openalex.org/W2329409481","https://openalex.org/W2405756170","https://openalex.org/W2479506271","https://openalex.org/W2530372461","https://openalex.org/W2557449848","https://openalex.org/W2585630030","https://openalex.org/W2598991778","https://openalex.org/W2612424318","https://openalex.org/W2619383789","https://openalex.org/W2739748921","https://openalex.org/W2794557536","https://openalex.org/W2950577311","https://openalex.org/W2962760235","https://openalex.org/W2962879692","https://openalex.org/W2963143316","https://openalex.org/W2963163163","https://openalex.org/W2963373786","https://openalex.org/W2963567641","https://openalex.org/W2963865839","https://openalex.org/W2963904420","https://openalex.org/W2964024144","https://openalex.org/W2964313012","https://openalex.org/W3133634237","https://openalex.org/W4233143402","https://openalex.org/W4285719527","https://openalex.org/W4294643831","https://openalex.org/W4295521014","https://openalex.org/W4300838842","https://openalex.org/W4320013936","https://openalex.org/W6632683562","https://openalex.org/W6636510571","https://openalex.org/W6638667902","https://openalex.org/W6678815747","https://openalex.org/W6683074461","https://openalex.org/W6713645886","https://openalex.org/W6718379498","https://openalex.org/W6728889164","https://openalex.org/W6733322467","https://openalex.org/W6735913928","https://openalex.org/W6741832134","https://openalex.org/W6745560452","https://openalex.org/W6749879876"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4365211920","https://openalex.org/W3014948380","https://openalex.org/W4380551139","https://openalex.org/W2280377497","https://openalex.org/W3174044702","https://openalex.org/W4238433571","https://openalex.org/W2967848559","https://openalex.org/W4283803360","https://openalex.org/W4317695495","https://openalex.org/W4387506531"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,178],"data":[1,18],"available":[2],"in":[3,7,108],"the":[4,29,32,41,92,97,146,165,184,201,215,219],"world":[5],"come":[6],"various":[8,225],"modalities,":[9],"such":[10],"as":[11,171],"audio,":[12],"text,":[13],"image,":[14],"and":[15,28,52,63,76,191,210,223],"video.":[16],"Each":[17],"modality":[19],"has":[20,87],"different":[21],"statistical":[22],"properties.":[23],"Understanding":[24],"each":[25],"modality,":[26],"individually,":[27],"relationship":[30],"between":[31,74,175],"modalities":[33],"is":[34,181],"vital":[35],"for":[36],"a":[37,83,132,155,168,187],"better":[38],"understanding":[39],"of":[40,68,99,118,159,167,186,203],"environment":[42],"surrounding":[43],"us.":[44],"Multimodal":[45],"learning":[46,164],"models":[47,161],"allow":[48],"us":[49],"to":[50,125,137,144,195,213,234],"process":[51],"extract":[53],"useful":[54],"information":[55],"from":[56,103,122],"multimodal":[57,69],"sources.":[58],"For":[59],"instance,":[60],"image":[61],"captioning":[62],"text-to-image":[64],"synthesis":[65,98],"are":[66,154,232],"examples":[67],"learning,":[70],"which":[71],"require":[72],"mapping":[73],"texts":[75,212],"images.":[77,130],"In":[78],"this":[79,109,204,237],"paper,":[80,110,205],"we":[81,111,135,206,230],"introduce":[82],"research":[84,227,239],"area":[85],"that":[86,162,229],"never":[88],"been":[89],"explored":[90],"by":[91],"remote":[93,100,128],"sensing":[94,101,129],"community,":[95],"namely":[96],"images":[102,209],"text":[104,116,147],"descriptions.":[105],"More":[106],"specifically,":[107],"focus":[112],"on":[113,139],"exploiting":[114],"ancient":[115,211],"descriptions":[117,148],"geographical":[119],"areas,":[120],"inherited":[121],"previous":[123],"civilizations,":[124],"generate":[126,196],"equivalent":[127,150],"From":[131],"methodological":[133],"perspective,":[134],"propose":[136,224],"rely":[138],"generative":[140,160],"adversarial":[141,173],"networks":[142],"(GANs)":[143],"convert":[145],"into":[149],"pixel":[151],"values.":[152],"GANs":[153],"recently":[156],"proposed":[157],"class":[158],"formulate":[163],"distribution":[166,180],"given":[169],"dataset":[170],"an":[172],"competition":[174],"two":[176],"networks.":[177],"learned":[179],"represented":[182],"using":[183],"weights":[185],"deep":[188],"neural":[189],"network":[190],"can":[192],"be":[193],"used":[194],"more":[197],"samples.":[198],"To":[199],"fulfill":[200],"purpose":[202],"collected":[207],"satellite":[208],"train":[214],"network.":[216],"We":[217],"present":[218],"interesting":[220],"results":[221],"obtained":[222],"future":[226],"paths":[228],"believe":[231],"important":[233],"further":[235],"develop":[236],"new":[238],"area.":[240]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}