{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2904266989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2880783","title":"Convolutional Neural Network-Based Land Cover Classification Using 2-D Spectral Reflectance Curve Graphs With Multitemporal Satellite Imagery","display_name":"Convolutional Neural Network-Based Land Cover Classification Using 2-D Spectral Reflectance Curve Graphs With Multitemporal Satellite Imagery","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-12-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2904266989","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2880783","mag":"2904266989"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2018.2880783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2880783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100406486","display_name":"Miae Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9805-7261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I102335020","display_name":"Karlsruhe Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/04t3en479","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I102335020","https://openalex.org/I1305996414"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Miae Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research and the Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Meteorology and Climate Research and the Institute of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I102335020"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100435066","display_name":"Jung\u2010Hee Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4785-3006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junghee Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054915476","display_name":"Daehyeon Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-8006"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Daehyeon Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1907-8006","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061110444","display_name":"Minso Shin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3051-9746"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Minso Shin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3051-9746","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069161853","display_name":"Jungho Im","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-6877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungho Im","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4506-6877","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5007044119","display_name":"Junghye Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9736-4796"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junghye Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Urban and Environmental Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034853467","display_name":"Lindi J. Quackenbush","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-3126"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157349981","display_name":"SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/00qv0tw17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157349981"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lindi J. Quackenbush","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0498-3126","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157349981","https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071565090","display_name":"Zhu Gu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1327163397","display_name":"State University of New York","ror":"https://ror.org/01q1z8k08","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157349981","display_name":"SUNY College of Environmental Science and Forestry","ror":"https://ror.org/00qv0tw17","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157349981"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhu Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Resources Engineering, State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157349981","https://openalex.org/I1327163397"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.1377,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":35,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92975771,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"4604","last_page":"4617"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.771320104598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.7298070192337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6809121966362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6346815228462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.6175621747970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5785785913467407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.49422410130500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-bands","display_name":"Spectral bands","score":0.4908064305782318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4862197935581207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-imagery","display_name":"Satellite imagery","score":0.48427146673202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4838804006576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.44397449493408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.24678322672843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1827520728111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.10724830627441406}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.771320104598999},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.7298070192337036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6809121966362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6346815228462219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.6175621747970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5785785913467407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.49422410130500793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114700698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2882278","display_name":"Spectral bands","level":2,"score":0.4908064305782318},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4862197935581207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.48427146673202515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4838804006576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.44397449493408203},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.24678322672843933},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1827520728111267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.10724830627441406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2018.2880783","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2880783","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.unist.ac.kr:201301/25620","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8565922","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401118","display_name":"Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","host_organization_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ARTICLE"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.7099999785423279,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":87,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W273955616","https://openalex.org/W1483493965","https://openalex.org/W1523493493","https://openalex.org/W1907282891","https://openalex.org/W1921523184","https://openalex.org/W1964206146","https://openalex.org/W1977345771","https://openalex.org/W1991247706","https://openalex.org/W2001510610","https://openalex.org/W2001656479","https://openalex.org/W2008645757","https://openalex.org/W2009235968","https://openalex.org/W2010797227","https://openalex.org/W2012950829","https://openalex.org/W2021774708","https://openalex.org/W2023912087","https://openalex.org/W2025803711","https://openalex.org/W2029332336","https://openalex.org/W2033644819","https://openalex.org/W2036632898","https://openalex.org/W2042692910","https://openalex.org/W2045601456","https://openalex.org/W2046113982","https://openalex.org/W2057110560","https://openalex.org/W2058213690","https://openalex.org/W2062236242","https://openalex.org/W2063907334","https://openalex.org/W2064578974","https://openalex.org/W2067593534","https://openalex.org/W2071560438","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2076917619","https://openalex.org/W2077570405","https://openalex.org/W2078283574","https://openalex.org/W2078877578","https://openalex.org/W2083069701","https://openalex.org/W2086415250","https://openalex.org/W2093378913","https://openalex.org/W2098676252","https://openalex.org/W2100335098","https://openalex.org/W2100469123","https://openalex.org/W2102953485","https://openalex.org/W2104896032","https://openalex.org/W2131039652","https://openalex.org/W2140573576","https://openalex.org/W2159773298","https://openalex.org/W2162231719","https://openalex.org/W2163605009","https://openalex.org/W2221380621","https://openalex.org/W2276088792","https://openalex.org/W2283002322","https://openalex.org/W2292481059","https://openalex.org/W2307094448","https://openalex.org/W2341130385","https://openalex.org/W2415454320","https://openalex.org/W2500751094","https://openalex.org/W2518030137","https://openalex.org/W2588561483","https://openalex.org/W2589453516","https://openalex.org/W2590379360","https://openalex.org/W2593356872","https://openalex.org/W2604086375","https://openalex.org/W2605495192","https://openalex.org/W2610166850","https://openalex.org/W2613825824","https://openalex.org/W2616755213","https://openalex.org/W2617645388","https://openalex.org/W2618530766","https://openalex.org/W2621061298","https://openalex.org/W2641842219","https://openalex.org/W2734691593","https://openalex.org/W2745081071","https://openalex.org/W2752696298","https://openalex.org/W2754274618","https://openalex.org/W2758580191","https://openalex.org/W2765283309","https://openalex.org/W2792301241","https://openalex.org/W2793091350","https://openalex.org/W2888214130","https://openalex.org/W2895247211","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2963574257","https://openalex.org/W4248710273","https://openalex.org/W6610017368","https://openalex.org/W6631319189","https://openalex.org/W6639736908","https://openalex.org/W6640185926"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2084145074","https://openalex.org/W2160357252","https://openalex.org/W4206417246","https://openalex.org/W2969881582","https://openalex.org/W2905390890","https://openalex.org/W2800266504","https://openalex.org/W2090253159","https://openalex.org/W4390107508","https://openalex.org/W2073959551","https://openalex.org/W4382563209"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Researchers":[0],"constantly":[1],"seek":[2],"more":[3],"efficient":[4],"detection":[5],"techniques":[6],"to":[7,30,48,105],"better":[8,33],"utilize":[9],"enhanced":[10],"image":[11],"resolution":[12],"in":[13,75,155,221],"accurately":[14],"detecting":[15],"and":[16,37,80,91,110,141,153,176],"monitoring":[17],"land":[18,55,70,162,180,199,225],"cover.":[19],"Recently,":[20],"convolutional":[21],"neural":[22],"networks":[23],"(CNNs)":[24],"have":[25],"shown":[26],"high":[27],"performances":[28],"comparable":[29],"or":[31],"even":[32],"than":[34,151],"widely":[35],"used":[36],"adopted":[38],"machine":[39],"learning":[40],"techniques.":[41],"The":[42,69,145,159],"aim":[43],"of":[44,52,101,112,129,136,161,208,212],"this":[45],"study":[46,157,203],"is":[47],"investigate":[49],"the":[50,99,134,187,193,198,206],"application":[51,220],"CNNs":[53,130,146,222],"for":[54,122,184,219],"cover":[56,71,126,163,181,200,226],"classification":[57,72,127,164,227],"by":[58,83],"using":[59,84],"two-dimensional":[60],"(2-D)":[61],"spectral":[62,119,188,213],"curve":[63,120,189],"graphs":[64,121],"from":[65,88],"multispectral":[66,85,113],"satellite":[67],"images.":[68,97],"was":[73],"conducted":[74],"Concord,":[76],"New":[77],"Hampshire,":[78],"USA,":[79],"South":[81],"Korea":[82],"images":[86],"acquired":[87],"30-m":[89],"Landsat-8":[90],"500-m":[92],"Geostationary":[93],"Ocean":[94],"Color":[95],"Imager":[96],"For":[98],"construction":[100],"input":[102],"data":[103],"specific":[104],"CNNs,":[106],"two":[107],"seasons":[108],"(winter":[109],"summer)":[111],"bands":[114,214],"were":[115,131],"transformed":[116],"into":[117,215],"2-D":[118,217],"each":[123],"class.":[124],"Land":[125],"results":[128,135],"compared":[132],"with":[133,170],"support":[137],"vector":[138],"machines":[139],"(SVMs)":[140],"random":[142],"forest":[143],"(RFs).":[144],"model":[147],"showed":[148],"higher":[149],"performance":[150],"RFs":[152],"SVMs":[154],"both":[156],"sites.":[158],"examination":[160],"maps":[165],"demonstrates":[166],"a":[167,209,216],"good":[168],"agreement":[169],"reference":[171],"maps,":[172],"Google":[173],"Earth":[174],"images,":[175],"existing":[177],"global":[178],"scale":[179],"map,":[182],"especially":[183],"croplands.":[185],"Using":[186],"graph":[190],"could":[191],"incorporate":[192],"phenological":[194],"cycles":[195],"on":[196],"classifying":[197],"types.":[201],"This":[202],"shows":[204],"that":[205],"use":[207],"new":[210],"transformation":[211],"form":[218],"can":[223],"improve":[224],"performance.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
