{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2889825132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2864897","title":"A Five-Year Evaluation of SMOS Level 2 Soil Moisture in the Corn Belt of the United States","display_name":"A Five-Year Evaluation of SMOS Level 2 Soil Moisture in the Corn Belt of the United States","publication_year":2018,"publication_date":"2018-09-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2889825132","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2864897","mag":"2889825132"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2018.2864897","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2864897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025088922","display_name":"Victoria A. Walker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3518-0040"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Victoria A. Walker","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045898935","display_name":"Brian K. Hornbuckle","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7653-0268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I173911158","display_name":"Iowa State University","ror":"https://ror.org/04rswrd78","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Brian K. Hornbuckle","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agronomy, Iowa State University of Science and Technology, Ames, IA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025247468","display_name":"Michael H. Cosh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4776-1918"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1312222531","display_name":"Agricultural Research Service","ror":"https://ror.org/02d2m2044","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1312222531","https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1336096307","display_name":"United States Department of Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/01na82s61","country_code":"US","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michael H. Cosh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA\u2013ARS), Beltsville, MD, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrology and Remote Sensing Laboratory, United States Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service (USDA\u2013ARS), Beltsville, MD, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1336096307","https://openalex.org/I1312222531"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5025088922"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I173911158"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9564,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84320246,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"4664","last_page":"4675"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11312","display_name":"Soil Moisture and Remote Sensing","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moisture","display_name":"Moisture","score":0.4264981746673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.18556594848632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.13183042407035828}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176864760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q217651","display_name":"Moisture","level":2,"score":0.4264981746673584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.18556594848632812},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.13183042407035828}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2018.2864897","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2018.2864897","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8500000238418579,"display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320333521","display_name":"Iowa Water Center, Iowa State University","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1838764073","https://openalex.org/W1995167593","https://openalex.org/W1999140188","https://openalex.org/W2004061142","https://openalex.org/W2023054171","https://openalex.org/W2028053683","https://openalex.org/W2034705995","https://openalex.org/W2044927495","https://openalex.org/W2052637016","https://openalex.org/W2064005663","https://openalex.org/W2065560100","https://openalex.org/W2070673963","https://openalex.org/W2072567364","https://openalex.org/W2100724327","https://openalex.org/W2105640349","https://openalex.org/W2113242271","https://openalex.org/W2116428100","https://openalex.org/W2117858619","https://openalex.org/W2118623884","https://openalex.org/W2119706051","https://openalex.org/W2121978577","https://openalex.org/W2141219203","https://openalex.org/W2151593676","https://openalex.org/W2152375134","https://openalex.org/W2155607837","https://openalex.org/W2157980636","https://openalex.org/W2162553722","https://openalex.org/W2165283210","https://openalex.org/W2175009894","https://openalex.org/W2399809112","https://openalex.org/W2582059183"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W173799707","https://openalex.org/W1571986170","https://openalex.org/W2669386288","https://openalex.org/W1974206597","https://openalex.org/W4238241534","https://openalex.org/W2094767340","https://openalex.org/W2357220302","https://openalex.org/W2117332287","https://openalex.org/W396293110","https://openalex.org/W1594450509"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"compare":[1],"Soil":[2,8],"Moisture":[3,9],"Ocean":[4],"Salinity":[5],"Level":[6],"2":[7],"(L2SM)":[10],"retrievals":[11,197],"to":[12,78,230],"the":[13,22,32,51,73,88,139,188,201,231,255,259],"five-year":[14],"in":[15,31,91,101,146,151,208,215,220,226],"situ":[16,92,216,227],"soil":[17,54,93,152,163,190,232],"moisture":[18,55,233],"dataset":[19],"available":[20],"for":[21,72,184],"predominately":[23],"agricultural":[24],"South":[25],"Fork":[26],"Iowa":[27],"River":[28],"(SFIR)":[29],"watershed":[30],"U.":[33],"S.":[34],"Corn":[35],"Belt.":[36],"SMOS":[37,177,195,204,224],"L2SM":[38,178,196],"is":[39,85],"0.039":[40],"m":[41,45,64,68,104,108,115,119,127,131],"<sup":[42,46,65,69,105,109,116,120,128,132],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[43,47,66,70,106,110,117,121,129,133],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">3</sup>":[44,67,107,118,130],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-3</sup>":[48,71,111,122,134],"drier":[49,182],"than":[50,171],"SFIR":[52],"network":[53],"and":[56,124,155,162,173,218,225,251],"has":[57,179],"an":[58],"unbiased":[59],"RMSE":[60],"(ubRMSE)":[61],"of":[62,75,87,90,138,158,203,214,248,257],"0.062":[63],"period":[74],"April":[76,102],"2013":[77],"November":[79,125],"2017":[80],"(excluding":[81],"DJF).":[82],"The":[83,95],"bias":[84,141,145,183],"11%":[86],"range":[89,202],"moisture.":[94],"largest":[96],"monthly":[97],"dry":[98,140,260],"biases":[99],"occur":[100],"(0.052":[103],"),":[112,123],"July":[113],"(0.072":[114],"(0.061":[126],").":[135],"Potential":[136],"sources":[137],"we":[142],"discuss":[143],"are:":[144],"auxiliary":[147,209],"modeled":[148],"temperatures;":[149],"errors":[150],"texture":[153],"maps;":[154],"nonrepresentative":[156],"parameterizations":[157],"single":[159,243],"scattering":[160,244],"albedo":[161,245],"surface":[164,191,210],"roughness.":[165],"Auxiliary":[166],"skin":[167],"temperature":[168],"was":[169],"colder":[170],"expected":[172],"may":[174],"explain":[175],"why":[176],"a":[180,241,249],"slightly":[181],"evening":[185],"overpasses.":[186],"Increasing":[187],"parameterized":[189],"roughness":[192],"produces":[193],"wetter":[194],"but":[198],"also":[199],"decreases":[200],"L2SM.":[205],"Random":[206],"error":[207],"temperature,":[211],"edge-of-field":[212],"locations":[213],"sensors,":[217],"differences":[219],"sensing":[221],"volume":[222],"between":[223],"sensors":[228],"contribute":[229],"ubRMSE.":[234],"ubRMSE":[235],"can":[236],"be":[237],"decreased":[238],"by":[239],"using":[240],"nonzero":[242],"more":[246],"representative":[247],"corn":[250],"soybean":[252],"canopy":[253],"at":[254],"cost":[256],"increasing":[258],"bias.":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
