{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2528478349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2602390","title":"Toward Automated Land Cover Classification in Landsat Images Using Spectral Slopes at Different Bands","display_name":"Toward Automated Land Cover Classification in Landsat Images Using Spectral Slopes at Different Bands","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2528478349","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2602390","mag":"2528478349"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2602390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2602390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5041428342","display_name":"Shashaank M. Aswatha","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5450-3568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shashaank M. Aswatha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Advanced Technology Development Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Advanced Technology Development Center, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112062626","display_name":"Jayanta Mukherjee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jayanta Mukherjee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004059019","display_name":"Prabir Kumar Biswas","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8922-1306"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prabir K. Biswas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronics and Electrical Communication and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002737197","display_name":"Subhas Aikat","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I145894827","display_name":"Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur","ror":"https://ror.org/03w5sq511","country_code":"IN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}],"countries":["IN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Subhas Aikat","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, India","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I145894827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.3099,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85194966,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"3","first_page":"1096","last_page":"1104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6590017080307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.6235232949256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6226063370704651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contextual-image-classification","display_name":"Contextual image classification","score":0.6170349717140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-bands","display_name":"Spectral bands","score":0.5372417569160461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5203025937080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5129292011260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.489388644695282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.4546748101711273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster-analysis","display_name":"Cluster analysis","score":0.45007091760635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation-classification","display_name":"Vegetation classification","score":0.44796374440193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.42219147086143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.32988274097442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.20643901824951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.2006760537624359}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6590017080307007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.6235232949256897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6226063370704651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75294576","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165192","display_name":"Contextual image classification","level":3,"score":0.6170349717140198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114700698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2882278","display_name":"Spectral bands","level":2,"score":0.5372417569160461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5203025937080383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5129292011260986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.489388644695282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.4546748101711273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73555534","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q622825","display_name":"Cluster analysis","level":2,"score":0.45007091760635376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776054349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18648871","display_name":"Vegetation classification","level":3,"score":0.44796374440193176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.42219147086143494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.32988274097442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.20643901824951172},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.2006760537624359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2602390","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2602390","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W252376446","https://openalex.org/W1510472797","https://openalex.org/W1514597007","https://openalex.org/W1595845056","https://openalex.org/W1662323679","https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W1988998717","https://openalex.org/W1989793195","https://openalex.org/W1990112167","https://openalex.org/W1995714011","https://openalex.org/W2012106844","https://openalex.org/W2022106079","https://openalex.org/W2036670520","https://openalex.org/W2044609898","https://openalex.org/W2045360958","https://openalex.org/W2073897310","https://openalex.org/W2084555690","https://openalex.org/W2086620533","https://openalex.org/W2088567891","https://openalex.org/W2091436265","https://openalex.org/W2100905558","https://openalex.org/W2114832532","https://openalex.org/W2117706739","https://openalex.org/W2118921056","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2130989950","https://openalex.org/W2136008108","https://openalex.org/W2139709933","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2165282790","https://openalex.org/W2171063647","https://openalex.org/W2345084272","https://openalex.org/W2514181007","https://openalex.org/W2784599576","https://openalex.org/W2989983865","https://openalex.org/W6630782113","https://openalex.org/W6674977914","https://openalex.org/W6678914141","https://openalex.org/W6684243969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2568858292","https://openalex.org/W1515964938","https://openalex.org/W2389381914","https://openalex.org/W2376528221","https://openalex.org/W196800607","https://openalex.org/W2359428812","https://openalex.org/W2153381734","https://openalex.org/W2050072374","https://openalex.org/W2043913960","https://openalex.org/W2995296347"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"For":[0],"last":[1],"two":[2],"decades,":[3],"various":[4],"techniques":[5],"have":[6],"been":[7,175],"advanced":[8],"for":[9,26,75,83],"classification":[10,52,122,132],"of":[11,17,24,30,66,73,77,141,148,166,171,180],"satellite":[12],"imageries.":[13],"A":[14],"vast":[15],"majority":[16],"them":[18],"are":[19,34,90,105],"supervised/semisupervised":[20],"requiring":[21],"manual":[22],"selection":[23,76],"samples":[25,79],"each":[27],"class.":[28],"Some":[29],"the":[31,57,64,85,130,149,160,178],"unsupervised":[32],"approaches":[33],"based":[35],"on":[36],"hard":[37],"thresholds":[38],"and":[39,54,98,102,110,113,116,129,138,168],"particular":[40],"to":[41,143,158],"image":[42,61],"acquisition":[43],"modules.":[44],"In":[45],"this":[46],"study,":[47],"we":[48,69],"propose":[49,70],"a":[50,71],"spectral-slope-based":[51],"technique":[53],"subsequently":[55],"summarize":[56],"changes":[58],"in":[59,177],"temporal":[60,146],"sets.":[62],"Using":[63],"properties":[65],"spectral":[67],"slopes,":[68],"set":[72],"rules":[74],"training":[78],"from":[80],"Landsat":[81],"imageries":[82],"classifying":[84],"land":[86,115,161],"cover.":[87],"The":[88,120],"images":[89,147,181],"initially":[91],"classified":[92,106],"into":[93,107],"three":[94],"classes:":[95],"water,":[96],"vegetation,":[97],"vegetation-void.":[99],"Further,":[100],"vegetation":[101,109],"vegetation-void":[103],"regions":[104],"proper":[108],"dry":[111],"cropland,":[112],"urban":[114],"bare":[117],"land,":[118],"respectively.":[119],"initial":[121],"is":[123,133,155],"performed":[124,134],"by":[125,183],"support":[126],"vector":[127],"machines,":[128],"second-level":[131],"through":[135],"k-means":[136],"clustering":[137],"subsequent":[139],"labeling":[140],"clusters":[142],"subclasses.":[144],"Considering":[145],"same":[150],"scene,":[151],"postclassification":[152],"change":[153],"summarization":[154],"carried":[156],"out":[157],"quantize":[159],"variations,":[162],"both":[163],"qualitatively":[164],"(type":[165],"change)":[167],"quantitatively":[169],"(volume":[170],"change).The":[172],"approach":[173],"has":[174],"used":[176],"analysis":[179],"acquired":[182],"different":[184],"sensors":[185],"operating":[186],"under":[187],"similar":[188],"wavelength":[189],"ranges.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-18T10:00:31.954636","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
