{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2502502269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2587678","title":"Spatial\u2013Spectral Hyperspectral Image Classification Using Random Multiscale Representation","display_name":"Spatial\u2013Spectral Hyperspectral Image Classification Using Random Multiscale Representation","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-27","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2502502269","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2587678","mag":"2502502269"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2587678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2587678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018617993","display_name":"Jianjun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-9094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianjun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0778-9094","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I36399199"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Internet of Things Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031361250","display_name":"Zebin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7162-0202"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["CN","ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zebin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Politcnica, University of Extremadura, C\u00e1ceres, Spain","School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Politcnica, University of Extremadura, C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100362041","display_name":"Jun Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1613-9448"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157773358","display_name":"Sun Yat-sen University","ror":"https://ror.org/0064kty71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation and the Center of Integrated Geographic Information Analysis, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Urbanization and Geo-simulation and the Center of Integrated Geographic Information Analysis, School of Geography and Planning, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157773358"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020302879","display_name":"Liang Xiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0178-9384"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I36399199","display_name":"Nanjing University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00xp9wg62","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Liang Xiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Systems for High-Dimensional Information of Ministry of Education, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125","https://openalex.org/I36399199"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5054292278","display_name":"Antonio Plaza","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9613-1659"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I80606768","display_name":"Universidad de Extremadura","ror":"https://ror.org/0174shg90","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Plaza","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Politecnica, University of Extremadura, C\u00e1ceres, Spain"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hyperspectral Computing Laboratory, Department of Technology of Computers and Communications, Escuela Politecnica, University of Extremadura, C\u00e1ceres, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I80606768"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035508615","display_name":"J\u00f3n Atli Benediktsson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0621-9647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165368041","display_name":"University of Iceland","ror":"https://ror.org/01db6h964","country_code":"IS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}],"countries":["IS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jon Atli Benediktsson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Iceland, Reykjavik, Iceland","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165368041"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9207,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.88845401,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"9","first_page":"4129","last_page":"4141"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9294000267982483,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8823739290237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6843091249465942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.6622647047042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6393299698829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5466830730438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/full-spectral-imaging","display_name":"Full spectral imaging","score":0.5446453094482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.5156694650650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.49219146370887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sparse-approximation","display_name":"Sparse approximation","score":0.45483914017677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/random-forest","display_name":"Random forest","score":0.4527457356452942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45016416907310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4488796889781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.42777976393699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-imaging","display_name":"Spectral imaging","score":0.42381617426872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3780499994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.294940710067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07921102643013}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8823739290237427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6843091249465942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.6622647047042847},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6393299698829651},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5466830730438232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78660771","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5508206","display_name":"Full spectral imaging","level":3,"score":0.5446453094482422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5156694650650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.49219146370887756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124066611","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28684319","display_name":"Sparse approximation","level":2,"score":0.45483914017677307},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169258074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q245748","display_name":"Random forest","level":2,"score":0.4527457356452942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45016416907310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4488796889781952},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.42777976393699646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3232514","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7575196","display_name":"Spectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.42381617426872253},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3780499994754791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.294940710067749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07921102643013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2587678","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2587678","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3689796810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JUSRP11559","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5049696438","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61471199","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320309036","display_name":"Purdue University","ror":"https://ror.org/02dqehb95"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322874","display_name":"Universit\u00e0 degli Studi di Pavia","ror":"https://ror.org/00s6t1f81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971891445","https://openalex.org/W1974524700","https://openalex.org/W1998030734","https://openalex.org/W2001298023","https://openalex.org/W2008847349","https://openalex.org/W2019338222","https://openalex.org/W2024657922","https://openalex.org/W2030449718","https://openalex.org/W2037757210","https://openalex.org/W2041100636","https://openalex.org/W2041748439","https://openalex.org/W2041836310","https://openalex.org/W2045161375","https://openalex.org/W2046098657","https://openalex.org/W2059089906","https://openalex.org/W2067532478","https://openalex.org/W2078495963","https://openalex.org/W2083541351","https://openalex.org/W2089497633","https://openalex.org/W2097915756","https://openalex.org/W2104266187","https://openalex.org/W2104269704","https://openalex.org/W2113464037","https://openalex.org/W2114819256","https://openalex.org/W2127199143","https://openalex.org/W2129131372","https://openalex.org/W2129638195","https://openalex.org/W2131864940","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2146611644","https://openalex.org/W2149471024","https://openalex.org/W2152414269","https://openalex.org/W2153635508","https://openalex.org/W2154636369","https://openalex.org/W2154874087","https://openalex.org/W2158400785","https://openalex.org/W2160662337","https://openalex.org/W2164330327","https://openalex.org/W2164437025","https://openalex.org/W2164598857","https://openalex.org/W2296616510","https://openalex.org/W2979473749","https://openalex.org/W4250955649"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2911259277","https://openalex.org/W2800956885","https://openalex.org/W2533019003","https://openalex.org/W1788560349","https://openalex.org/W3047444742","https://openalex.org/W2391021239","https://openalex.org/W2374021060","https://openalex.org/W2049189005","https://openalex.org/W2054836752","https://openalex.org/W3178760882"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,16,78,122],"novel":[4],"spatial-spectral":[5,188],"classification":[6,153],"method":[7,144,182],"for":[8,150],"remotely":[9],"sensed":[10],"hyperspectral":[11,151,160],"images.":[12],"First":[13],"of":[14,108,116,179],"all,":[15],"multiscale":[17,27],"representation":[18,28],"technique":[19],"based":[20],"on":[21],"random":[22,26,109],"projection,":[23],"referred":[24],"as":[25,183],"(RMSR),":[29],"is":[30,45,93,126,145],"proposed":[31,143,181],"to":[32,46,112,128,147,185],"extract":[33],"the":[34,38,49,71,86,101,113,117,130,135,140,164,170,177,180],"spatial":[35,50,74,88,132],"features":[36,75,133,138],"from":[37],"given":[39],"scene.":[40],"The":[41,90],"idea":[42],"behind":[43],"RMSR":[44],"properly":[47],"model":[48],"characteristics":[51],"comprised":[52],"by":[53,60,76,96,163],"each":[54],"pixel":[55],"vector":[56],"and":[57,68,134,169],"its":[58],"neighbors":[59],"some":[61],"criteria":[62,99],"computed":[63],"at":[64,105],"all":[65],"reasonable":[66],"scales,":[67],"then":[69],"compress":[70],"implicit":[72],"high-dimensional":[73],"using":[77],"very":[79],"sparse":[80,118],"measurement":[81,119],"matrix":[82],"that":[83],"approximately":[84],"preserves":[85],"salient":[87],"information.":[89],"entire":[91],"process":[92],"explicitly":[94],"performed":[95],"computing":[97],"simple":[98],"(i.e.,":[100],"first":[102],"two":[103],"moments)":[104],"rectangular":[106],"scales":[107],"bands,":[110],"according":[111],"nonzero":[114],"entries":[115],"matrix.":[120],"Subsequently,":[121],"composite":[123],"kernel":[124],"framework":[125],"utilized":[127],"balance":[129],"extracted":[131],"original":[136],"spectral":[137],"in":[139],"classifier.":[141],"Our":[142],"shown":[146],"be":[148],"effective":[149],"image":[152],"purposes.":[154],"Specifically,":[155],"our":[156],"experimental":[157],"results":[158],"with":[159],"images":[161],"collected":[162],"airborne":[165],"visible/infrared":[166],"imaging":[167,174],"spectrometer":[168],"reflective":[171],"optics":[172],"spectrographic":[173],"system":[175],"demonstrate":[176],"effectiveness":[178],"compared":[184],"other":[186],"state-of-the-art":[187],"classifiers.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}