{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2491933782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2584778","title":"Interannual and Decadal Sea Surface Height Variability Over the Northwest Atlantic Slope","display_name":"Interannual and Decadal Sea Surface Height Variability Over the Northwest Atlantic Slope","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2491933782","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2584778","mag":"2491933782"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2584778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2584778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039734007","display_name":"Guoqi Han","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4883-0578"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319689352","display_name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/02qa1x782","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guoqi Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John's, NL, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John's, NL, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014190404","display_name":"Nancy F. Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0872-5877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319689352","display_name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/02qa1x782","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nancy Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John's, NL, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John's, NL, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084872773","display_name":"Chung\u2010Yen Kuo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3449-995X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I91807558","display_name":"National Cheng Kung University","ror":"https://ror.org/01b8kcc49","country_code":"TW","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}],"countries":["TW"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chung-Yen Kuo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geomatics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I91807558"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043712793","display_name":"C. K. Shum","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9378-4067"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52357470","display_name":"The Ohio State University","ror":"https://ror.org/00rs6vg23","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"C. K. Shum","raw_affiliation_strings":["Division of Geodetic Science, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Division of Geodetic Science, School of Earth Sciences, The Ohio State University, Columbus, OH, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52357470"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113937348","display_name":"Zhimin Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1319689352","display_name":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/02qa1x782","country_code":"CA","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhimin Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John's, NL, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Northwest Atlantic Fisheries Centre, St. John's, NL, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039734007"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1319689352"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9933,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79266412,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"11","first_page":"5071","last_page":"5078"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10255","display_name":"Oceanographic and Atmospheric Processes","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-gyre","display_name":"Ocean gyre","score":0.7993288040161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/north-atlantic-oscillation","display_name":"North Atlantic oscillation","score":0.7315405607223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.6868857145309448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-surface-height","display_name":"Sea-surface height","score":0.6123891472816467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.6060271859169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.5950978398323059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altimeter","display_name":"Altimeter","score":0.5713803172111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-surface-temperature","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","score":0.5237557888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sea-level","display_name":"Sea level","score":0.5177530646324158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gulf-stream","display_name":"Gulf Stream","score":0.51319819688797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/continental-shelf","display_name":"Continental shelf","score":0.5007221698760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-surface-topography","display_name":"Ocean surface topography","score":0.4773523807525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary-current","display_name":"Boundary current","score":0.43196743726730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/temperature-salinity-diagrams","display_name":"Temperature salinity diagrams","score":0.4315207898616791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atlantic-multidecadal-oscillation","display_name":"Atlantic multidecadal oscillation","score":0.42690807580947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salinity","display_name":"Salinity","score":0.3167080879211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ocean-current","display_name":"Ocean current","score":0.29755306243896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subtropics","display_name":"Subtropics","score":0.2879924774169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.0758170485496521}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30380174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1250263","display_name":"Ocean gyre","level":3,"score":0.7993288040161133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17093552","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1137345","display_name":"North Atlantic oscillation","level":2,"score":0.7315405607223511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6868857145309448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142672198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7076157","display_name":"Sea-surface height","level":3,"score":0.6123891472816467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.6060271859169006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.5950978398323059},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17534553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216197","display_name":"Altimeter","level":2,"score":0.5713803172111511},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134097258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1507383","display_name":"Sea surface temperature","level":2,"score":0.5237557888031006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74501621","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q125465","display_name":"Sea level","level":2,"score":0.5177530646324158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120221134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q130905","display_name":"Gulf Stream","level":2,"score":0.51319819688797},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184751465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q134851","display_name":"Continental shelf","level":2,"score":0.5007221698760986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150320492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7076157","display_name":"Ocean surface topography","level":2,"score":0.4773523807525635},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60069189","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3273117","display_name":"Boundary current","level":3,"score":0.43196743726730347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23715911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7698340","display_name":"Temperature salinity diagrams","level":3,"score":0.4315207898616791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11308688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q756835","display_name":"Atlantic multidecadal oscillation","level":3,"score":0.42690807580947876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129513315","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179615","display_name":"Salinity","level":2,"score":0.3167080879211426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187599188","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129558","display_name":"Ocean current","level":2,"score":0.29755306243896484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14168384","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16305538","display_name":"Subtropics","level":2,"score":0.2879924774169922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.0758170485496521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C505870484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q180538","display_name":"Fishery","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2584778","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2584778","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","score":0.8799999952316284}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W41577324","https://openalex.org/W68953735","https://openalex.org/W1971029629","https://openalex.org/W1973443548","https://openalex.org/W1975789041","https://openalex.org/W1980043714","https://openalex.org/W1987364891","https://openalex.org/W1996323422","https://openalex.org/W1997677842","https://openalex.org/W2011526969","https://openalex.org/W2016075054","https://openalex.org/W2037164904","https://openalex.org/W2063859260","https://openalex.org/W2072560096","https://openalex.org/W2073319948","https://openalex.org/W2077244367","https://openalex.org/W2078331887","https://openalex.org/W2078741666","https://openalex.org/W2081285674","https://openalex.org/W2083488778","https://openalex.org/W2127285941","https://openalex.org/W2129913525","https://openalex.org/W2131477567","https://openalex.org/W2136570119","https://openalex.org/W2141277860","https://openalex.org/W2142699916","https://openalex.org/W2324503803","https://openalex.org/W6601660262"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2032538124","https://openalex.org/W2178905774","https://openalex.org/W2036959989","https://openalex.org/W2165804524","https://openalex.org/W3023995718","https://openalex.org/W2985649685","https://openalex.org/W969027355","https://openalex.org/W2801026308","https://openalex.org/W4200139622","https://openalex.org/W563263874"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,65,143,177,209],"Northwest":[1,46],"Atlantic":[2,47,134,242],"continental":[3,48],"slope":[4,26,49],"features":[5],"strong":[6],"interactions":[7],"among":[8],"the":[9,14,21,25,32,45,84,112,116,123,131,148,156,165,169,183,191,198,205,213,219,232,239],"western":[10,124],"boundary":[11],"currents":[12],"of":[13,218,231],"subpolar":[15],"and":[16,40,59,62,86,94,102,108,118,215],"subtropical":[17],"gyres,":[18],"and,":[19],"thus,":[20],"sea-level":[22,42,96],"variability":[23,43,110],"over":[24],"may":[27],"be":[28],"an":[29,228],"indicator":[30],"for":[31],"large-scale":[33,106],"ocean":[34],"circulation.":[35],"In":[36],"this":[37],"study,":[38],"temporal":[39],"spatial":[41],"in":[44,111,122,147,164,182,197,212],"has":[50],"been":[51],"investigated":[52],"based":[53],"on":[54],"a":[55,60,152,174],"satellite":[56],"altimetry":[57],"dataset":[58],"temperature":[61,85],"salinity":[63,87],"dataset.":[64,88],"altimetric":[66,144],"results":[67],"from":[68,83],"1993":[69],"to":[70,79,105],"2012":[71],"are":[72,127,186,201],"compared":[73],"with":[74,98,130,162,190,204],"steric":[75,119,170],"height":[76,120,145,171,180,222],"anomalies":[77,121,146,172,181,223],"relative":[78],"1500":[80],"m,":[81],"calculated":[82],"This":[89],"study":[90],"shows":[91],"significant":[92],"interannual":[93,214],"decadal":[95,216],"variability,":[97],"prominent":[99],"regional":[100],"differences":[101,211],"varying":[103],"linkages":[104],"atmospheric":[107],"oceanic":[109],"North":[113,133,241],"Atlantic.":[114],"Both":[115],"altimeric":[117],"Labrador":[125,166,184,234],"Sea":[126,185,235],"negatively":[128,187],"correlated":[129,189,203],"winter":[132,192,206],"Oscillation":[135],"(NAO)":[136],"index":[137],"primarily":[138],"via":[139],"wintertime":[140],"deep":[141],"convection.":[142],"Laurentian":[149,199],"Fan":[150,200],"have":[151,173],"weak":[153],"(insignificant":[154],"at":[155],"95%":[157],"confidence":[158],"level)":[159],"positive":[160],"correlation":[161],"those":[163,196],"Sea,":[167],"while":[168,195],"negative":[175],"correlation.":[176],"thermosteric":[178],"(halosteric)":[179],"(positively)":[188],"NAO":[193,207],"index,":[194],"not":[202],"index.":[208],"along-slope":[210],"variations":[217],"sea":[220],"surface":[221],"imply":[224],"that":[225],"there":[226],"is":[227],"interior":[229],"pathway":[230],"southwardflowing":[233],"intermediate":[236],"water":[237],"toward":[238],"central":[240],"basin":[243],"before":[244],"reaching":[245],"55\u00b0N.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
