{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2460618180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2572879","title":"Quantification of Soil Variables in a Heterogeneous Soil Region With VIS\u2013NIR\u2013SWIR Data Using Different Statistical Sampling and Modeling Strategies","display_name":"Quantification of Soil Variables in a Heterogeneous Soil Region With VIS\u2013NIR\u2013SWIR Data Using Different Statistical Sampling and Modeling Strategies","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2460618180","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2572879","mag":"2460618180"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2572879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2572879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088203630","display_name":"Michael Vohland","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6048-1163"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210136838","display_name":"Leibniz Institute for Regional Geography","ror":"https://ror.org/02wt6e634","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I315704651","https://openalex.org/I4210136838"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I926574661","display_name":"Leipzig University","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Michael Vohland","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing, Institute for Geography, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geoinformatics and Remote Sensing, Institute for Geography, Leipzig University, Leipzig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136838","https://openalex.org/I926574661"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088933036","display_name":"Monika Harbich","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89864525","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Trier","ror":"https://ror.org/02778hg05","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Monika Harbich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Environmental Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, University of Trier, Trier, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Environmental Remote Sensing and Geoinformatics, University of Trier, Trier, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064893646","display_name":"Marie Ludwig","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4445-9919"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210093792","display_name":"Johann Heinrich von Th\u00fcnen-Institut","ror":"https://ror.org/00mr84n67","country_code":"DE","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801963157","https://openalex.org/I4210093792"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89864525","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Trier","ror":"https://ror.org/02778hg05","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marie Ludwig","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soil Science Department, University of Trier, Trier, Germany","Th\u00fcnen Institute of Biodiversity, Braunschweig, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soil Science Department, University of Trier, Trier, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Th\u00fcnen Institute of Biodiversity, Braunschweig, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210093792"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073318632","display_name":"Christoph Emmerling","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1286-7504"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89864525","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Trier","ror":"https://ror.org/02778hg05","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christoph Emmerling","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soil Science Department, University of Trier, Trier, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soil Science Department, University of Trier, Trier, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082060473","display_name":"S\u00f6ren Thiele\u2010Bruhn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2721-7333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I89864525","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Trier","ror":"https://ror.org/02778hg05","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Soren Thiele-Bruhn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Soil Science Department, University of Trier, Trier, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Soil Science Department, University of Trier, Trier, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I89864525"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5088203630"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210136838","https://openalex.org/I926574661"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9974,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.75828352,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"9","first_page":"4011","last_page":"4021"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12157","display_name":"Geochemistry and Geologic Mapping","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10640","display_name":"Spectroscopy and Chemometric Analyses","score":0.9941999912261963,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1602","display_name":"Analytical Chemistry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/16","display_name":"Chemistry"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sampling","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","score":0.664400577545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5360100269317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.47922664880752563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistical-analysis","display_name":"Statistical analysis","score":0.4538905918598175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-soil-mapping","display_name":"Digital soil mapping","score":0.44037503004074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-science","display_name":"Soil science","score":0.42799291014671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.36776840686798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-water","display_name":"Soil water","score":0.3424207866191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/soil-classification","display_name":"Soil classification","score":0.28889793157577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.2547200322151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1747274100780487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11374402046203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.09981968998908997}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C140779682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210868","display_name":"Sampling (signal processing)","level":3,"score":0.664400577545166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5360100269317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.47922664880752563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2986587452","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q938438","display_name":"Statistical analysis","level":2,"score":0.4538905918598175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104471815","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276164","display_name":"Digital soil mapping","level":4,"score":0.44037503004074097},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159390177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9161265","display_name":"Soil science","level":1,"score":0.42799291014671326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.36776840686798096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159750122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q96621023","display_name":"Soil water","level":2,"score":0.3424207866191864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152494472","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q386963","display_name":"Soil classification","level":3,"score":0.28889793157577515},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.2547200322151184},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1747274100780487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11374402046203613},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.09981968998908997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2572879","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2572879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:www.openagrar.de:openagrar_mods_00022942","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/JSTARS.2016.2572879","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055137","display_name":"OpenAgrar","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"doc-type:article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life in Land","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","score":0.6899999976158142}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7228614437","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"VO 1509/3-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G779959163","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"TH 678/12-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","funder_display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324900","display_name":"Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit\u00e4t Bonn","ror":"https://ror.org/041nas322"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325298","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Leipzig","ror":"https://ror.org/03s7gtk40"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W52916540","https://openalex.org/W891391570","https://openalex.org/W1592341820","https://openalex.org/W1967657535","https://openalex.org/W1973273412","https://openalex.org/W1976247600","https://openalex.org/W1977640460","https://openalex.org/W1984866801","https://openalex.org/W1986453686","https://openalex.org/W1996521921","https://openalex.org/W1997270149","https://openalex.org/W2001804870","https://openalex.org/W2002989254","https://openalex.org/W2004256739","https://openalex.org/W2015675873","https://openalex.org/W2017422910","https://openalex.org/W2021754455","https://openalex.org/W2023312901","https://openalex.org/W2025857348","https://openalex.org/W2026016480","https://openalex.org/W2032522633","https://openalex.org/W2041230234","https://openalex.org/W2052903566","https://openalex.org/W2055592098","https://openalex.org/W2062569668","https://openalex.org/W2064345732","https://openalex.org/W2066536516","https://openalex.org/W2071188448","https://openalex.org/W2073367262","https://openalex.org/W2073503722","https://openalex.org/W2073858026","https://openalex.org/W2081681770","https://openalex.org/W2083469113","https://openalex.org/W2084474840","https://openalex.org/W2084480346","https://openalex.org/W2092927559","https://openalex.org/W2093925016","https://openalex.org/W2094402095","https://openalex.org/W2098798088","https://openalex.org/W2103766443","https://openalex.org/W2104676838","https://openalex.org/W2131065621","https://openalex.org/W2142411786","https://openalex.org/W2155705378","https://openalex.org/W2161313304","https://openalex.org/W2327045775","https://openalex.org/W2616891418","https://openalex.org/W6624067251"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4246591591","https://openalex.org/W3006550963","https://openalex.org/W2008804768","https://openalex.org/W2361720056","https://openalex.org/W3031068799","https://openalex.org/W2049096505","https://openalex.org/W2183155958","https://openalex.org/W2026744672","https://openalex.org/W2008440636","https://openalex.org/W2071924129"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Estimation":[0],"accuracies":[1],"obtained":[2],"for":[3,64,133,148,177,218,228,235],"soil":[4,70,76],"properties":[5],"from":[6,54,201,253],"spectroradiometer":[7],"data":[8,111,261],"markedly":[9,215],"depend":[10],"on":[11,104],"the":[12,19,28,31,113,169,190,197,243,254,260],"individual":[13,174],"sample":[14,23,200],"set.":[15],"The":[16],"choice":[17],"of":[18,30,50,69,74,107,242],"statistical":[20],"method":[21],"to":[22,66,152,157,166,216,226,231],"a":[24,48,55,105],"calibration":[25,108,175,187,255],"set":[26,49],"and":[27,94,109,159,194,224,230,256],"extension":[29],"multivariate":[32],"modeling":[33],"approach":[34,209,245],"with":[35,47,112,130,137,206],"bagging":[36,131],"and/or":[37],"spectral":[38,134,191],"variable":[39,135],"selection":[40],"may":[41],"optimize":[42],"predictions.":[43],"We":[44],"studied":[45],"this":[46,182,207],"172":[51],"arable":[52],"topsoils":[53],"region":[56],"near":[57],"Trier":[58],"(Germany)":[59],"that":[60],"covered-as":[61],"often":[62],"typical":[63],"medium":[65],"large-scale":[67],"applications":[68],"spectroscopy-a":[71],"wide":[72],"range":[73],"different":[75],"situations.":[77],"Yet,":[78],"differences":[79],"concerning":[80],"target":[81],"variables-organic":[82],"carbon":[83,96],"(OC),":[84],"nitrogen":[85],"(N),":[86],"microbial":[87],"biomass":[88],"(C":[89,97],"<sub":[90,98,161,220,237],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[91,99,145,162,213,221,238],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">mic</sub>":[92,239],")":[93],"thermostable":[95],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">inert</sub>":[100,163,222],")-were":[101],"small.":[102],"Based":[103],"split":[106],"validation":[110,179],"Kennard-Stone":[114],"algorithm,":[115],"we":[116,172,185],"found":[117],"only":[118],"moderate":[119],"improvements":[120],"towards":[121],"partial":[122],"least":[123],"squares":[124],"regression":[125],"(PLSR)":[126],"when":[127],"combining":[128],"PLSR":[129],"and,":[132],"selection,":[136],"\u201ccompetitive":[138],"adaptive":[139],"reweighted":[140],"sampling\u201d":[141],"(CARS).":[142],"R":[143,211],"<sup":[144,212],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[146,214],"improved":[147,210],"OC":[149,229],"(from":[150,155,164],"0.75":[151],"0.79),":[153],"N":[154],"0.72":[156],"0.77)":[158],"C":[160,219,236],"0.66":[165],"0.68)":[167],"in":[168,189,259],"validation.":[170],"Additionally,":[171],"used":[173],"sets":[176],"each":[178,202],"sample.":[180],"In":[181],"\u201clocal\u201d":[183],"approach,":[184],"clustered":[186],"samples":[188,252],"feature":[192],"space":[193],"selected":[195],"individually":[196],"most":[198],"similar":[199],"cluster.":[203],"Combining":[204],"bagging-CARS-PLSR":[205],"local":[208,244],"0.76":[217,232],",":[223],"slightly":[225],"0.82":[227],"(previously":[233],"0.73)":[234],".":[240],"Effects":[241],"were":[246],"twofold,":[247],"as":[248],"it":[249],"removed":[250],"improper":[251],"balanced":[257],"skewness":[258],"distribution.":[262]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-02T08:37:19.008085","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
