{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2315927680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2537401","title":"Experimental Study of Ionospheric Impacts on Geosynchronous SAR Using GPS Signals","display_name":"Experimental Study of Ionospheric Impacts on Geosynchronous SAR Using GPS Signals","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2315927680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2537401","mag":"2315927680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2537401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2537401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031445156","display_name":"Xichao Dong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8624-8872"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xichao Dong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024045689","display_name":"Cheng Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7582-5291"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheng Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101553867","display_name":"Ye Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3410-5164"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ye Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032778722","display_name":"Weiming Tian","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2183-0519"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiming Tian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100631358","display_name":"Yuanhao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8821-2179"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanhao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100416717","display_name":"Teng Long","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6410-8094"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Teng Long","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Information and Electronics, and the Beijing Key Laboratory of Embedded Real-time Information Processing Technology, Beijing Institute of Technology, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":86.6004,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99746687,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"6","first_page":"2171","last_page":"2183"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9868999719619751,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.822394847869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.7060366868972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ionosphere","display_name":"Ionosphere","score":0.666808545589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/azimuth","display_name":"Azimuth","score":0.6485065817832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6288228034973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geosynchronous-orbit","display_name":"Geosynchronous orbit","score":0.5988646745681763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gps-signals","display_name":"GPS signals","score":0.5166512131690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.4808107614517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4673728346824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interplanetary-scintillation","display_name":"Interplanetary scintillation","score":0.46640127897262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.44482311606407166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.42772209644317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/assisted-gps","display_name":"Assisted GPS","score":0.2883107662200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.11485445499420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.09550821781158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.07780778408050537}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.822394847869873},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.7060366868972778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116403925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162219","display_name":"Ionosphere","level":2,"score":0.666808545589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159737794","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q124274","display_name":"Azimuth","level":2,"score":0.6485065817832947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6288228034973145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94042562","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q472251","display_name":"Geosynchronous orbit","level":3,"score":0.5988646745681763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12957241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15903792","display_name":"GPS signals","level":4,"score":0.5166512131690979},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.4808107614517212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4673728346824646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10880902","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6056358","display_name":"Interplanetary scintillation","level":5,"score":0.46640127897262573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.44482311606407166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.42772209644317627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198613851","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q432394","display_name":"Assisted GPS","level":3,"score":0.2883107662200928},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.11485445499420166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.09550821781158447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.07780778408050537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108411613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q79833","display_name":"Solar wind","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72886185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129890","display_name":"Coronal mass ejection","level":4,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2016.2537401","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2016.2537401","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Life below water","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":43,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1524455928","https://openalex.org/W1822117460","https://openalex.org/W1971580542","https://openalex.org/W1987602844","https://openalex.org/W2001451883","https://openalex.org/W2002952095","https://openalex.org/W2005921149","https://openalex.org/W2012637223","https://openalex.org/W2012888026","https://openalex.org/W2016626869","https://openalex.org/W2020002460","https://openalex.org/W2023141929","https://openalex.org/W2026057110","https://openalex.org/W2029609689","https://openalex.org/W2031858497","https://openalex.org/W2042373619","https://openalex.org/W2048749376","https://openalex.org/W2055279028","https://openalex.org/W2061601624","https://openalex.org/W2062170254","https://openalex.org/W2069470084","https://openalex.org/W2070167613","https://openalex.org/W2081888385","https://openalex.org/W2089198329","https://openalex.org/W2093911158","https://openalex.org/W2099143455","https://openalex.org/W2102694060","https://openalex.org/W2103833429","https://openalex.org/W2107140879","https://openalex.org/W2108831293","https://openalex.org/W2129306709","https://openalex.org/W2141176523","https://openalex.org/W2143685339","https://openalex.org/W2146701114","https://openalex.org/W2151335024","https://openalex.org/W2154309921","https://openalex.org/W2167070271","https://openalex.org/W2167325562","https://openalex.org/W2168283052","https://openalex.org/W2290943298","https://openalex.org/W2319170475","https://openalex.org/W2605574582","https://openalex.org/W6665794631"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2074347802","https://openalex.org/W1952060579","https://openalex.org/W2617331287","https://openalex.org/W2068843146","https://openalex.org/W2462749609","https://openalex.org/W2086927121","https://openalex.org/W4210472786","https://openalex.org/W4312656204","https://openalex.org/W3023121508","https://openalex.org/W2564648010"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,50,96,184],"L-band":[1],"geosynchronous":[2],"synthetic":[3],"aperture":[4],"radar":[5],"(GEO":[6],"SAR)":[7],"is":[8,57,98,186,242],"very":[9,127],"susceptible":[10],"to":[11,25,71,86,116,189,244],"ionosphere":[12,46,73,171],"as":[13],"the":[14,58,76,81,88,99,102,107,111,118,135,138,141,154,157,169,195,214,223,246],"significant":[15],"increases":[16],"of":[17,36,53,101,140,164,200],"its":[18,251],"integration":[19,216],"time":[20],"and":[21,28,47,74,146,156,197,213,240],"wide":[22],"swath,":[23],"leading":[24],"image":[26,174,181,185],"drifts":[27,175],"degradations.":[29],"This":[30],"paper":[31],"demonstrates":[32],"an":[33],"experimental":[34],"study":[35],"analyzing":[37],"ionospheric":[38,48],"impacts":[39],"on":[40,91,106,209],"GEO":[41,120,124,147,166,210,247],"SAR,":[42],"including":[43],"both":[44],"background":[45,170],"scintillation.":[49],"experiment":[51],"consists":[52],"two":[54,112],"parts.":[55],"One":[56],"global":[59],"positioning":[60],"system":[61],"(GPS)":[62],"data":[63,89],"recording":[64],"in":[65,134,192,225],"which":[66,92,206],"we":[67],"employ":[68],"GPS":[69,78,108,145],"satellites":[70],"probe":[72],"collect":[75],"transionosphere":[77],"signals.":[79,122],"Then":[80,110],"recorded":[82],"signals":[83],"are":[84,94,114,159,207],"used":[85],"create":[87],"basis":[90],"simulations":[93],"based.":[95],"other":[97],"reconstruction":[100],"signal":[103],"distortions":[104],"based":[105],"data.":[109],"parts":[113],"combined":[115],"generate":[117],"ionosphere-impacted":[119],"SAR":[121,125,148,167,211,248],"But":[123,233],"has":[126],"different":[128],"orbit":[129],"trajectories":[130],"from":[131],"GPS.":[132],"Thus,":[133],"real":[136],"operation,":[137],"transformation":[139],"temporal-spatial":[142],"frame":[143],"between":[144],"should":[149],"be":[150,178],"first":[151],"performed":[152],"before":[153],"focusing":[155,224],"evaluation":[158],"carried":[160],"out.":[161],"In":[162],"cases":[163],"current":[165],"configurations,":[168],"will":[172,220],"induce":[173],"but":[176],"can":[177],"corrected":[179],"through":[180],"registration":[182],"techniques.":[183],"also":[187],"likely":[188],"get":[190],"defocused":[191],"azimuth":[193],"when":[194],"second":[196],"higher":[198],"derivatives":[199],"total":[201],"electron":[202],"content":[203],"exceed":[204],"thresholds":[205],"dependent":[208],"configurations":[212],"corresponding":[215],"time.":[217],"Comparatively,":[218],"scintillations":[219,234],"mainly":[221],"affect":[222],"azimuth,":[226],"especially":[227],"for":[228],"integrated":[229],"sidelobe":[230],"ratios":[231],"(ISLRs).":[232],"rarely":[235],"occur":[236],"over":[237],"China":[238],"mainland,":[239],"it":[241],"suggested":[243],"avoid":[245],"working":[249],"during":[250],"occurrence.":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}