{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2333774963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2427652","title":"GPU Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA)-based Parallelization of the RRTMG Shortwave Rapid Radiative Transfer Model","display_name":"GPU Compute Unified Device Architecture (CUDA)-based Parallelization of the RRTMG Shortwave Rapid Radiative Transfer Model","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2333774963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2427652","mag":"2333774963"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2015.2427652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2427652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5111833721","display_name":"Jarno Mielik\u00e4inen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jarno Mielikainen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072148096","display_name":"Erik Price","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Erik Price","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060262250","display_name":"Bormin Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8275-9536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bormin Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100547648","display_name":"Hung-Lung Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I135310074","display_name":"University of Wisconsin\u2013Madison","ror":"https://ror.org/01y2jtd41","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hung-Lung Allen Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space Science and Engineering Center, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, WI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066382672","display_name":"Tsengdar Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7900-0019"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tsengdar Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"NASA Headquarters, Washington, DC, USA","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5111833721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I135310074"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.333,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":26,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8088627,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"9","issue":"2","first_page":"921","last_page":"931"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10029","display_name":"Climate variability and models","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speedup","display_name":"Speedup","score":0.8343299627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7648553848266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cuda","display_name":"CUDA","score":0.7237520217895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiative-transfer","display_name":"Radiative transfer","score":0.643037736415863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.6428903937339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/longwave","display_name":"Longwave","score":0.4435201585292816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computational-science","display_name":"Computational science","score":0.44340482354164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-radiative-transfer-codes","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","score":0.43721821904182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shortwave","display_name":"Shortwave","score":0.42579710483551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.14079397916793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.0696418285369873}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68339613","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1549489","display_name":"Speedup","level":2,"score":0.8343299627304077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7648553848266602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778119891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q477690","display_name":"CUDA","level":2,"score":0.7237520217895508},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74902906","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1190858","display_name":"Radiative transfer","level":2,"score":0.643037736415863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.6428903937339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779155178","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1082861","display_name":"Longwave","level":3,"score":0.4435201585292816},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C459310","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q117801","display_name":"Computational science","level":1,"score":0.44340482354164124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199390426","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2353151","display_name":"Atmospheric radiative transfer codes","level":3,"score":0.43721821904182434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776272892","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7502249","display_name":"Shortwave","level":3,"score":0.42579710483551025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.14079397916793823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.0696418285369873}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2015.2427652","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2427652","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.7599999904632568,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8280336699","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NNX11AL83G","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","funder_display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W164384110","https://openalex.org/W579519726","https://openalex.org/W1678662003","https://openalex.org/W1981723120","https://openalex.org/W1982439848","https://openalex.org/W2002553792","https://openalex.org/W2004001880","https://openalex.org/W2010341850","https://openalex.org/W2018408367","https://openalex.org/W2045830873","https://openalex.org/W2063861626","https://openalex.org/W2083339292","https://openalex.org/W2102978912","https://openalex.org/W2106748171","https://openalex.org/W2114367424","https://openalex.org/W2125357381","https://openalex.org/W2133583105","https://openalex.org/W2141748334","https://openalex.org/W2144260452","https://openalex.org/W2152696300","https://openalex.org/W2153689314","https://openalex.org/W2155125497","https://openalex.org/W2158626942","https://openalex.org/W2163512993","https://openalex.org/W2167583754","https://openalex.org/W2187784732","https://openalex.org/W2264950386","https://openalex.org/W6686733230"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2771809610","https://openalex.org/W1653518408","https://openalex.org/W2983282793","https://openalex.org/W1973046741","https://openalex.org/W4299832832","https://openalex.org/W2068099672","https://openalex.org/W2738352115","https://openalex.org/W2905853003","https://openalex.org/W4401510376","https://openalex.org/W2041983741"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Radiative":[0],"transfer":[1,15,39],"of":[2,62,95,109,147,150,161,176,203],"electromagnetic":[3],"radiation":[4],"through":[5],"a":[6,106,119,123,136,201],"planetary":[7],"atmosphere":[8],"is":[9,20,52,65,178,236],"computed":[10],"using":[11,96],"an":[12],"atmospheric":[13,31,110,156],"radiative":[14,32,38,152],"model":[16,44],"(RTM).":[17],"One":[18],"RTM":[19,23,48],"the":[21,55,67,93,103,144,173,220],"rapid":[22,47],"(RRTM),":[24],"which":[25],"calculates":[26],"both":[27],"longwave":[28],"and":[29,34,85,122,165],"shortwave":[30,69],"fluxes":[33],"heating":[35],"rates.":[36],"Broadband":[37],"code":[40],"for":[41,49,105,222],"general":[42],"circulation":[43],"(GCM)":[45],"applications,":[46],"global":[50],"(RRTMG),":[51],"based":[53],"on":[54,66,214,226],"single-column":[56],"reference":[57],"code,":[58],"RRTM.":[59],"The":[60],"focus":[61],"this":[63,89],"paper":[64],"RRTMG":[68,140,162],"(RRTMG_SW)":[70],"model.":[71],"Due":[72],"to":[73,101,127,170,208,232],"its":[74,209],"accuracy,":[75],"RRTMG_SW":[76,104],"has":[77],"been":[78],"implemented":[79,164],"operationally":[80],"in":[81,139,154],"many":[82],"weather":[83],"forecast":[84],"climate":[86],"models.":[87],"In":[88,112,192],"paper,":[90],"we":[91],"examine":[92],"feasibility":[94],"graphics":[97],"processing":[98,130],"units":[99,131],"(GPUs)":[100],"accelerate":[102],"massive":[107],"amount":[108],"profiles.":[111,157],"recent":[113],"years,":[114],"GPUs":[115,133,184],"have":[116],"emerged":[117],"as":[118],"low-cost,":[120],"low-power,":[121],"very":[124],"high-performance":[125],"alternative":[126],"conventional":[128,190],"central":[129],"(CPUs).":[132],"can":[134,185,199],"provide":[135,186,200],"substantial":[137],"improvement":[138],"speed":[141],"by":[142],"supporting":[143],"parallel":[145],"computation":[146],"large":[148],"numbers":[149],"independent":[151],"calculations":[153],"separate":[155],"A":[158],"GPU-compatible":[159],"version":[160],"was":[163,168],"thorough":[166],"testing":[167],"performed":[169],"ensure":[171],"that":[172,183],"original":[174],"level":[175],"accuracy":[177],"retained.":[179],"Our":[180],"results":[181],"show":[182],"significant":[187],"speedup":[188,202,221],"over":[189],"CPUs.":[191],"particular,":[193],"Nvidia's":[194],"Tesla":[195],"K40":[196],"GPU":[197],"card":[198],"${{202}}":[204],"\\times":[205],"$":[206],"compared":[207],"single-threaded":[210],"Fortran":[211],"counterpart":[212],"running":[213],"Intel":[215],"Xeon":[216],"E5-2603":[217],"CPU,":[218],"whereas":[219],"four":[223],"CPU":[224,228,234],"cores,":[225],"one":[227],"socket,":[229],"with":[230],"respect":[231],"1":[233],"core":[235],"\u00d7.":[237]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}