{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2127934268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2417574","title":"Geometric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (GNMF) for Hyperspectral Unmixing","display_name":"Geometric Nonnegative Matrix Factorization (GNMF) for Hyperspectral Unmixing","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-01","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2127934268","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2417574","mag":"2127934268"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2015.2417574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2417574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100764373","display_name":"Shuyuan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4796-5737"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuyuan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046196367","display_name":"Xiantong Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiantong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037906988","display_name":"Yigang Yao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yigang Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113675173","display_name":"Shiqian Cheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiqian Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050630882","display_name":"Licheng Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3354-9617"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I149594827","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Licheng Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","Xidian University, Xi'an, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Intelligent Perception and Image Understanding Ministry of Education, International Research Center for Intelligent Perception and Computation, School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Xidian University, Xi\u2019an, Shaanxi, china","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xidian University, Xi'an, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I149594827"],"apc_list":{"value":1800,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1800},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.6752,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93433109,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"6","first_page":"2696","last_page":"2703"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9954000115394592,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9927999973297119,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.9760567545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endmember","display_name":"Endmember","score":0.9590029716491699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/non-negative-matrix-factorization","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","score":0.7218478918075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-signature","display_name":"Spectral signature","score":0.6168352961540222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.580659031867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5769221186637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.5283910632133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/matrix-decomposition","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","score":0.5248960256576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5218499898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4620012938976288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/abundance-estimation","display_name":"Abundance estimation","score":0.4565112888813019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.4535927474498749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manifold","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","score":0.45090144872665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.4023038148880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.26755034923553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.12875410914421082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.08394744992256165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.9760567545890808},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58237817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5376204","display_name":"Endmember","level":3,"score":0.9590029716491699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C152671427","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10843505","display_name":"Non-negative matrix factorization","level":4,"score":0.7218478918075562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C176641082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2446767","display_name":"Spectral signature","level":2,"score":0.6168352961540222},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.580659031867981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5769221186637878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.5283910632133484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42355184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1361088","display_name":"Matrix decomposition","level":3,"score":0.5248960256576538},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5218499898910522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4620012938976288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778514742","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16245026","display_name":"Abundance estimation","level":3,"score":0.4565112888813019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.4535927474498749},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529865628","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1790740","display_name":"Manifold (fluid mechanics)","level":2,"score":0.45090144872665405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.4023038148880005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.26755034923553467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.12875410914421082},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.08394744992256165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158693339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190524","display_name":"Eigenvalues and eigenvectors","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2015.2417574","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2015.2417574","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1989053102","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2013CB329402","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2559168354","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91438201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3563266299","display_name":"Non-RIP\u7ea6\u675f\u7684\u975e\u51f8\u538b\u7f29\u611f\u77e5\u65b9\u6cd5\u7814\u7a76\u4e0e\u5e94\u7528","funder_award_id":"61173090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3696489779","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"BDY021429","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3738235899","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61072108","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4593460045","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"91438103.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323230","display_name":"Xidian University","ror":"https://ror.org/05s92vm98"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1555549210","https://openalex.org/W1902027874","https://openalex.org/W1964570608","https://openalex.org/W2010797000","https://openalex.org/W2032861822","https://openalex.org/W2032944446","https://openalex.org/W2033529478","https://openalex.org/W2034217226","https://openalex.org/W2046694687","https://openalex.org/W2063069198","https://openalex.org/W2086888000","https://openalex.org/W2089298795","https://openalex.org/W2095595743","https://openalex.org/W2097153652","https://openalex.org/W2101837437","https://openalex.org/W2102159812","https://openalex.org/W2104290444","https://openalex.org/W2107120407","https://openalex.org/W2108119513","https://openalex.org/W2114486983","https://openalex.org/W2116216716","https://openalex.org/W2118718620","https://openalex.org/W2128990403","https://openalex.org/W2135029798","https://openalex.org/W2156220628","https://openalex.org/W2157321686","https://openalex.org/W2163886442","https://openalex.org/W2165444307","https://openalex.org/W2169466597","https://openalex.org/W2170609420","https://openalex.org/W2295820431","https://openalex.org/W2997701990","https://openalex.org/W4233760599","https://openalex.org/W6675747103","https://openalex.org/W6675750237","https://openalex.org/W6677759377","https://openalex.org/W6680012447"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1980988957","https://openalex.org/W2089298795","https://openalex.org/W2766484909","https://openalex.org/W2898368675","https://openalex.org/W2773002387","https://openalex.org/W2374719179","https://openalex.org/W2976811157","https://openalex.org/W2092363223","https://openalex.org/W2766224175","https://openalex.org/W2535955140"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,21,57],"the":[1,26,34,38,58,63,73,78,90,95,121,126],"available":[2],"hyperspectral":[3,6,30,83,117],"unmixing":[4,134],"approaches,":[5],"images":[7,31],"are":[8,98,109],"often":[9],"treated":[10],"as":[11],"a":[12,43,86],"list":[13],"of":[14,29,82,123],"spectral":[15,39,96],"measurements":[16],"with":[17],"no":[18],"geometric":[19,27,44,65,69,80],"organization.":[20],"this":[22],"paper,":[23],"we":[24,61],"explore":[25],"structure":[28,93],"in":[32,85,94],"both":[33],"spatial":[35,79],"domain":[36,40],"and":[37,54,67,89,115,125],"to":[41,71,100,119],"advance":[42],"nonnegative":[45],"matrix":[46],"factorization":[47],"(GNMF)":[48],"for":[49,105],"more":[50],"accurate":[51],"endmember":[52],"extraction":[53],"abundance":[55],"estimation.":[56],"proposed":[59],"GNMF,":[60,124],"define":[62],"\u201cspatial":[64],"distance\u201d":[66,70],"\u201cspectral":[68],"reveal":[72],"affinity":[74],"between":[75],"pixels.":[76],"Both":[77],"homogeneity":[81],"vectors":[84],"local":[87],"region,":[88],"geometry":[91],"manifold":[92,103],"domain,":[97],"explored":[99],"formulate":[101],"spatial-spectral":[102],"regularizer":[104],"NMF.":[106],"Some":[107],"experiments":[108],"taken":[110],"on":[111],"some":[112],"synthetic":[113],"data":[114,118],"real":[116],"investigate":[120],"performance":[122],"results":[127],"show":[128],"that":[129],"it":[130],"can":[131],"present":[132],"state-of-the-art":[133],"results.":[135]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
