{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2133349950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2384133","title":"Efficient ELM-Based Techniques for the Classification of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Images on Commodity GPUs","display_name":"Efficient ELM-Based Techniques for the Classification of Hyperspectral Remote Sensing Images on Commodity GPUs","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-01-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2133349950","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2384133","mag":"2133349950"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2014.2384133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2384133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5033619469","display_name":"Javier L\u00f3pez-Fandi\u00f1o","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5725-0885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200284239","display_name":"Universidade de Santiago de Compostela","ror":"https://ror.org/030eybx10","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Javier Lopez-Fandino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5043357836","display_name":"Pablo Quesada-Barriuso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3790-8819"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200284239","display_name":"Universidade de Santiago de Compostela","ror":"https://ror.org/030eybx10","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pablo Quesada-Barriuso","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018628722","display_name":"Dora B. Heras","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5304-1426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200284239","display_name":"Universidade de Santiago de Compostela","ror":"https://ror.org/030eybx10","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dora B. Heras","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037479005","display_name":"Francisco Arg\u00fcello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9279-5426"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200284239","display_name":"Universidade de Santiago de Compostela","ror":"https://ror.org/030eybx10","country_code":"ES","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}],"countries":["ES"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francisco Arguello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS), University of Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Centro de Investigaci\u00f3n en Tecnolox\u00edas da Informaci\u00f3n (CITIUS) University of Santiago de Compostela Santiago de Compostela, Spain","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5033619469"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200284239"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":12.8541,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":57,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98729197,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"6","first_page":"2884","last_page":"2893"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10057","display_name":"Face and Expression Recognition","score":0.9562000036239624,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.8593898415565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.8224489688873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extreme-learning-machine","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","score":0.6815788149833679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/support-vector-machine","display_name":"Support vector machine","score":0.5238937139511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.48450562357902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/imaging-spectrometer","display_name":"Imaging spectrometer","score":0.4798107445240021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.4625363349914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/simd","display_name":"SIMD","score":0.43191972374916077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.4103761911392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3874662518501282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.16929492354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.10838115215301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrometer","display_name":"Spectrometer","score":0.09698697924613953}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.8593898415565491},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.8224489688873291},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780150128","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21948731","display_name":"Extreme learning machine","level":3,"score":0.6815788149833679},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12267149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q282453","display_name":"Support vector machine","level":2,"score":0.5238937139511108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.48450562357902527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C183852935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6002848","display_name":"Imaging spectrometer","level":3,"score":0.4798107445240021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.4625363349914551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150552126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q339387","display_name":"SIMD","level":2,"score":0.43191972374916077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.4103761911392212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3874662518501282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.16929492354393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.10838115215301514},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33390570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188463","display_name":"Spectrometer","level":2,"score":0.09698697924613953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2014.2384133","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2384133","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6100000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320771","display_name":"Ministry of Science and Innovation, New Zealand","ror":"https://ror.org/02jtq1b51"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326655","display_name":"Xunta de Galicia","ror":"https://ror.org/0181xnw06"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":48,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W99003753","https://openalex.org/W1971176377","https://openalex.org/W1974211415","https://openalex.org/W1989126771","https://openalex.org/W1993717606","https://openalex.org/W2001298023","https://openalex.org/W2002546995","https://openalex.org/W2008913308","https://openalex.org/W2011731909","https://openalex.org/W2014775865","https://openalex.org/W2017212187","https://openalex.org/W2020015443","https://openalex.org/W2026131661","https://openalex.org/W2035026907","https://openalex.org/W2048308819","https://openalex.org/W2049003564","https://openalex.org/W2049633694","https://openalex.org/W2059089906","https://openalex.org/W2069315453","https://openalex.org/W2087263574","https://openalex.org/W2090758866","https://openalex.org/W2092840066","https://openalex.org/W2096553553","https://openalex.org/W2100921418","https://openalex.org/W2111072639","https://openalex.org/W2114819256","https://openalex.org/W2122301197","https://openalex.org/W2131450755","https://openalex.org/W2131697388","https://openalex.org/W2136251662","https://openalex.org/W2138260443","https://openalex.org/W2140823438","https://openalex.org/W2141695047","https://openalex.org/W2143130611","https://openalex.org/W2149471024","https://openalex.org/W2154568261","https://openalex.org/W2159070926","https://openalex.org/W2160662337","https://openalex.org/W2164330327","https://openalex.org/W2164437025","https://openalex.org/W2309693750","https://openalex.org/W2402188521","https://openalex.org/W3023114228","https://openalex.org/W3198134824","https://openalex.org/W4214564766","https://openalex.org/W4229666556","https://openalex.org/W6678476872","https://openalex.org/W6682563969"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2746742660","https://openalex.org/W2082586825","https://openalex.org/W2561005839","https://openalex.org/W2119473622","https://openalex.org/W2474469778","https://openalex.org/W2944460852","https://openalex.org/W2138540356","https://openalex.org/W2171464537","https://openalex.org/W1529476013","https://openalex.org/W2079298906"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Extreme":[0],"learning":[1,7],"machine":[2,139],"(ELM)":[3],"is":[4,35,105],"an":[5],"efficient":[6],"algorithm":[8,27],"that":[9],"has":[10],"been":[11],"recently":[12],"applied":[13,82],"to":[14,48,85,89,135],"hyperspectral":[15,112],"image":[16,113],"classification.":[17],"In":[18,98],"this":[19],"paper,":[20],"the":[21,25,52,61,68,91,95,99,102,108,111,154],"first":[22],"implementation":[23],"of":[24,43,51,60,70,94,110],"ELM":[26,37,96],"fully":[28],"developed":[29],"for":[30,126],"graphical":[31],"processing":[32,104],"unit":[33],"(GPU)":[34],"presented.":[36],"can":[38],"be":[39],"expressed":[40],"in":[41,87],"terms":[42],"matrix":[44],"operations":[45],"so":[46],"as":[47],"take":[49],"advantage":[50],"single":[53],"instruction":[54],"multiple":[55],"data":[56,125],"(SIMD)":[57],"computing":[58],"paradigm":[59],"GPU":[62,86],"architecture.":[63],"Additionally,":[64],"several":[65],"techniques":[66],"like":[67],"use":[69],"ensembles,":[71],"a":[72,77,115,162],"spatial":[73,103],"regularization":[74],"algorithm,":[75],"and":[76,83,161],"spectral-spatial":[78,155],"classification":[79],"scheme":[80,156],"are":[81,120,151],"projected":[84],"order":[88],"improve":[90],"accuracy":[92,132,149],"results":[93,133,150],"classifier.":[97],"last":[100],"case,":[101],"based":[106,157],"on":[107,122,158],"segmentation":[109],"through":[114],"watershed":[116,160],"transform.":[117],"The":[118,147],"experiments":[119],"performed":[121],"remote":[123],"sensing":[124],"land":[127],"cover":[128],"applications":[129],"achieving":[130],"competitive":[131],"compared":[134],"analogous":[136],"support":[137],"vector":[138],"(SVM)":[140],"strategies":[141],"with":[142,153],"significantly":[143],"lower":[144],"execution":[145],"times.":[146],"best":[148],"obtained":[152],"applying":[159],"spatially":[163],"regularized":[164],"ELM.":[165]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}