{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2043510437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2371064","title":"Urban Area SAR Image Man-Made Target Extraction Based on the Product Model and the Time\u2013Frequency Analysis","display_name":"Urban Area SAR Image Man-Made Target Extraction Based on the Product Model and the Time\u2013Frequency Analysis","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-12-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2043510437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2371064","mag":"2043510437"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2014.2371064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2371064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046028721","display_name":"Wenjin Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9735-7265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wenjin Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China",", Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Sciences, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":", Key Laboratory of Digital Earth Sciences, Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073894089","display_name":"Huadong Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0337-1862"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huadong Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109960961","display_name":"Xinwu Li","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinwu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5046028721"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":52.7586,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":28,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99501507,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"943","last_page":"952"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9980999827384949,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10689","display_name":"Remote-Sensing Image Classification","score":0.993399977684021,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7884896993637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6480116248130798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.6342077851295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5497270226478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.46349239349365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.45807573199272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.45528659224510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/confusion","display_name":"Confusion","score":0.4511682987213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-imaging","display_name":"Radar imaging","score":0.43739375472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/property","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","score":0.42214423418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.25641685724258423}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7884896993637085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6480116248130798},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.6342077851295471},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5497270226478577},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.46349239349365234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.45807573199272156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.45528659224510193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781140086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557945","display_name":"Confusion","level":2,"score":0.4511682987213135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10929652","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7279985","display_name":"Radar imaging","level":3,"score":0.43739375472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189950617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q937228","display_name":"Property (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.42214423418045044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.25641685724258423},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11171543","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q41630","display_name":"Psychoanalysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2014.2371064","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2014.2371064","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.44999998807907104,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321602","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320336006","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W208043904","https://openalex.org/W1551002609","https://openalex.org/W1984614739","https://openalex.org/W2018880432","https://openalex.org/W2042056272","https://openalex.org/W2078203440","https://openalex.org/W2107408144","https://openalex.org/W2113069932","https://openalex.org/W2113993577","https://openalex.org/W2125412367","https://openalex.org/W2127193590","https://openalex.org/W2134343800","https://openalex.org/W2142485381","https://openalex.org/W2143721422","https://openalex.org/W2144615653","https://openalex.org/W2150756699","https://openalex.org/W2151642455","https://openalex.org/W2161503240","https://openalex.org/W2164296623","https://openalex.org/W2171015359","https://openalex.org/W2617362859","https://openalex.org/W4231551796","https://openalex.org/W6608416526","https://openalex.org/W6738050612"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2570625548","https://openalex.org/W2545123933","https://openalex.org/W2585813813","https://openalex.org/W2041414401","https://openalex.org/W2042726296","https://openalex.org/W2096748030","https://openalex.org/W3016428515","https://openalex.org/W2160730947","https://openalex.org/W2747205507","https://openalex.org/W2917196883"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"proposed":[2,117],"an":[3,21],"innovative":[4],"framework":[5,29,166],"to":[6,82],"almost":[7],"automatically":[8],"extract":[9],"man-made":[10,89,98,121,180],"target":[11,181],"from":[12],"a":[13,31,105,171],"high-resolution":[14],"(HR)":[15],"polarimetric":[16],"SAR":[17,65],"(PolSAR)":[18],"image":[19,34],"of":[20,27,78,86,95,115,139,160,174,184],"urban":[22,185],"area.":[23],"The":[24,57],"core":[25],"part":[26],"this":[28,93],"is":[30,39],"new":[32],"PolSAR":[33],"feature":[35],"extraction":[36],"method,":[37],"which":[38,120],"developed":[40],"by":[41,75,176],"combining":[42],"the":[43,52,68,73,79,84,113,116,165,178],"spherically":[44],"invariant":[45],"random":[46],"vector":[47],"(SIRV)":[48],"product":[49,59],"model":[50,60],"with":[51,104,125,142],"time-frequency":[53],"(TF)":[54],"analysis":[55,70],"technology.":[56],"SIRV":[58],"can":[61,100],"better":[62],"characterize":[63],"HR":[64],"images,":[66],"and":[67,88,128,134],"TF":[69],"will":[71],"assist":[72],"classification":[74],"taking":[76],"advantages":[77],"anisotropic":[80],"property":[81],"avoid":[83],"confusion":[85],"natural":[87,129],"targets.":[90],"Therefore,":[91],"using":[92],"kind":[94],"extracted":[96,124],"features,":[97],"targets":[99,122,141],"be":[101,168],"easily":[102],"discriminated":[103],"simple":[106],"unsupervised":[107],"K-means":[108],"classifier.":[109],"Experimental":[110],"results":[111],"demonstrate":[112],"effectiveness":[114],"framework,":[118],"in":[119,148,170],"are":[123,131,146,154],"clear":[126],"contours,":[127],"surfaces":[130],"very":[132],"continuous":[133],"homogenous.":[135],"In":[136],"addition,":[137],"plenty":[138],"interesting":[140],"special":[143],"scattering":[144],"performances":[145],"highlighted":[147],"several":[149],"rare":[150],"classes.":[151],"Their":[152],"features":[153],"worth":[155],"studying.":[156],"Above":[157],"all,":[158],"because":[159],"barely":[161],"requiring":[162],"prior":[163],"knowledge,":[164],"should":[167],"promising":[169],"wide":[172],"spectrum":[173],"applications":[175],"providing":[177],"rapid":[179],"information":[182],"acquisition":[183],"areas.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-04-12T07:58:50.170612","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}