{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2093303536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2012.2236302","title":"Critical Nitrogen Curve and Remote Detection of Nitrogen Nutrition Index for Corn in the Northwestern Plain of Shandong Province, China","display_name":"Critical Nitrogen Curve and Remote Detection of Nitrogen Nutrition Index for Corn in the Northwestern Plain of Shandong Province, China","publication_year":2013,"publication_date":"2013-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2093303536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2012.2236302","mag":"2093303536"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2012.2236302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2012.2236302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085369998","display_name":"Pengfei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8990-3200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pengfei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","State Key Lab. of Resources & Environ. Inf. Syst., Inst. of Geogr. Sci. & Natural Resources Res., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Resources and Environment Information System, Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Lab. of Resources & Environ. Inf. Syst., Inst. of Geogr. Sci. & Natural Resources Res., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100610291","display_name":"Jihua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2105-9514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I29955533","display_name":"Center for Information Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/03jh5a977","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299022934","https://openalex.org/I1299303238","https://openalex.org/I29955533"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210156423","display_name":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture","ror":"https://ror.org/04c3j3t84","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]}],"countries":["CN","US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China","National Eng. Res. Center for Inf., Technol. in Agric., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Engineering Research Center for Information Technology in Agriculture, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210156423"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Eng. Res. Center for Inf., Technol. in Agric., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I29955533"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109619264","display_name":"Wenjiang Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1710-8301"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenjiang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Center for Earth Obs. & Digital Earth, Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Earth Observation and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center for Earth Obs. & Digital Earth, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045892748","display_name":"Nicolas Tremblay","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1409-4442"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331897569","display_name":"Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/051dzs374","country_code":"CA","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569","https://openalex.org/I2802286613"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nicolas Tremblay","raw_affiliation_strings":["Horticulture Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QUE, Canada","Horticulture R&D Center, Agric. & Agri-Food Canada, St. Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horticulture Research and Development Center, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, St-Jean-sur-Richelieu, QUE, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Horticulture R&D Center, Agric. & Agri-Food Canada, St. Jean-sur-Richelieu, QC, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331897569"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052362005","display_name":"Yangzhu Ou","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yangzhu Ou","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Geogr. Sci. & Natural Resources Res., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Geogr. Sci. & Natural Resources Res., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100401608","display_name":"Qian Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0860-4023"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qian Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","Inst. of Geogr. Sci. & Natural Resources Res., Beijing, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Geographical Science and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Geogr. Sci. & Natural Resources Res., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8559,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":42,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92636848,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"6","issue":"2","first_page":"682","last_page":"689"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9908999800682068,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9761999845504761,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/limiting","display_name":"Limiting","score":0.653389573097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nitrogen","display_name":"Nitrogen","score":0.5713462233543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.5689970850944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.5624985098838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/principal-component-analysis","display_name":"Principal component analysis","score":0.4689979553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3672146797180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.3434475064277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32809579372406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/botany","display_name":"Botany","score":0.1903136670589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.15953221917152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.10673767328262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10639578104019165}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188198153","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1613840","display_name":"Limiting","level":2,"score":0.653389573097229},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C537208039","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q627","display_name":"Nitrogen","level":2,"score":0.5713462233543396},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.5689970850944519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.5624985098838806},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C27438332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2873","display_name":"Principal component analysis","level":2,"score":0.4689979553222656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3672146797180176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.3434475064277649},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32809579372406006},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59822182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q441","display_name":"Botany","level":1,"score":0.1903136670589447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.15953221917152405},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.10673767328262329},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10639578104019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178790620","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11351","display_name":"Organic chemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2012.2236302","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2012.2236302","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7599999904632568,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321133","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":51,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W7030864","https://openalex.org/W221019484","https://openalex.org/W1651297529","https://openalex.org/W1876282212","https://openalex.org/W1906130215","https://openalex.org/W1965147721","https://openalex.org/W1973680308","https://openalex.org/W1974416151","https://openalex.org/W1979364790","https://openalex.org/W1983630003","https://openalex.org/W1984606650","https://openalex.org/W1992051154","https://openalex.org/W1998997260","https://openalex.org/W2000102737","https://openalex.org/W2000613913","https://openalex.org/W2001385123","https://openalex.org/W2012686349","https://openalex.org/W2013602923","https://openalex.org/W2031978485","https://openalex.org/W2035832455","https://openalex.org/W2041777957","https://openalex.org/W2042350093","https://openalex.org/W2056352756","https://openalex.org/W2061063014","https://openalex.org/W2062295773","https://openalex.org/W2062567499","https://openalex.org/W2074025929","https://openalex.org/W2084236720","https://openalex.org/W2089464686","https://openalex.org/W2095939249","https://openalex.org/W2103496339","https://openalex.org/W2109006150","https://openalex.org/W2111947859","https://openalex.org/W2112673844","https://openalex.org/W2118703810","https://openalex.org/W2127203138","https://openalex.org/W2128438912","https://openalex.org/W2130298813","https://openalex.org/W2135916781","https://openalex.org/W2146786221","https://openalex.org/W2161815745","https://openalex.org/W2163410149","https://openalex.org/W2307778942","https://openalex.org/W2338335839","https://openalex.org/W2364516510","https://openalex.org/W2725974085","https://openalex.org/W2945057135","https://openalex.org/W2975865316","https://openalex.org/W4236621906","https://openalex.org/W4241986462","https://openalex.org/W6762279157"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2347729776","https://openalex.org/W2081457971","https://openalex.org/W2028659695","https://openalex.org/W1975632186","https://openalex.org/W2072749356","https://openalex.org/W3027745756","https://openalex.org/W2531880140","https://openalex.org/W3205213561","https://openalex.org/W2587804871","https://openalex.org/W2014400117"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,147,170],"nitrogen":[1,15],"nutrition":[2],"index":[3],"(NNI)":[4],"is":[5,31,181],"calculated":[6],"from":[7,111],"the":[8,13,24,38,45,52,68,80,86,120,158,161,174,179,184,188,195],"measured":[9],"N":[10,25,35,49,83,107,123,175],"concentration":[11],"and":[12,30,58,82,105,114,137,151,165,207],"critical":[14,48,122],"(N)":[16],"curve.":[17,124],"It":[18],"can":[19],"be":[20],"used":[21,117,155],"to":[22,43,59,78,118,156],"determine":[23],"required":[26],"by":[27],"a":[28,61,132],"crop":[29],"helpful":[32],"for":[33,51,67,167,183],"optimizing":[34],"application":[36],"in":[37,178],"field.":[39],"Our":[40],"objectives":[41],"were":[42,75,98,109,116,154],"validate":[44,119],"existing":[46,121],"corn":[47,87,95],"curve":[50,176],"northwestern":[53],"plain":[54],"of":[55,90,160],"Shandong":[56],"Province":[57],"design":[60],"more":[62],"accurate":[63],"remote":[64,190],"detection":[65,191],"method":[66,136,164],"NNI.":[69],"For":[70],"this":[71],"purpose,":[72],"field":[73,101],"measurements":[74],"conducted":[76],"weekly":[77],"acquire":[79],"biomass":[81],"concentrations":[84],"during":[85,100],"growing":[88],"season":[89],"2011.":[91],"Additionally,":[92],"nearly":[93],"60":[94],"canopy":[96,149],"spectra":[97,150],"collected":[99,148],"campaigns.":[102],"First,":[103],"limiting":[104],"non-limiting":[106],"points":[108],"selected":[110],"sampled":[112],"data,":[113],"they":[115],"Second,":[125],"an":[126],"NNI":[127,153,168],"estimation":[128],"model":[129,144],"based":[130],"on":[131],"Principal":[133],"Component":[134],"Analysis":[135],"Back":[138],"Propagation":[139],"Artificial":[140],"Neural":[141],"Network":[142],"(PCA-BP-ANN)":[143],"was":[145],"established.":[146],"corresponding":[152],"compare":[157],"performances":[159],"above":[162],"mentioned":[163],"other":[166],"estimation.":[169],"results":[171,197],"showed":[172],"that":[173],"proposed":[177],"literature":[180],"suitable":[182],"study":[185],"region.":[186],"Among":[187],"three":[189],"methods,":[192],"PCA-BP-ANN":[193],"provided":[194],"best":[196],"with":[198],"highest":[199],"R":[200],"<formula":[201],"formulatype=\"inline\"":[202],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[203],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"><tex":[204],"Notation=\"TeX\">$^{2}$</tex></formula>":[205],"value":[206],"lowest":[208],"root":[209],"mean":[210],"square":[211],"error":[212],"value.":[213]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
