{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2006686327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2010.2048745","title":"The Angular and Spectral Kernel Model for BRDF and Albedo Retrieval","display_name":"The Angular and Spectral Kernel Model for BRDF and Albedo Retrieval","publication_year":2010,"publication_date":"2010-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2006686327","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2010.2048745","mag":"2006686327"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2010.2048745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2010.2048745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085749968","display_name":"Sihan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7638-4261"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sihan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100409478","display_name":"Qiang Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5302-9849"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiang Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018009227","display_name":"Qinhuo Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3713-9511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qinhuo Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110555809","display_name":"Jianguang Wen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1060-1817"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210166112","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianguang Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science, Institute of Remote Sensing Applications of Chinese Academy of Sciences and Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210166112","https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"[State Key Lab of Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, CHINA]","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5106824166","display_name":"Xiaowen Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-7910-7912"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I25254941","display_name":"Beijing Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/022k4wk35","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaowen Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","Sch. of Geogr. & Remote Sensing Sci., Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Remote Sensing Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sch. of Geogr. & Remote Sensing Sci., Beijing Normal Univ., Beijing, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5085749968"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I25254941","https://openalex.org/I4210166112"],"apc_list":{"value":1250,"currency":"USD","value_usd":1250},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.1876,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86356129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"3","issue":"3","first_page":"241","last_page":"256"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10032","display_name":"Marine and coastal ecosystems","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11588","display_name":"Atmospheric and Environmental Gas Dynamics","score":0.9894999861717224,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bidirectional-reflectance-distribution-function","display_name":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function","score":0.9627646207809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband","display_name":"Broadband","score":0.5830762982368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kernel","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","score":0.5786751508712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5769246816635132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5702425241470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inversion","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","score":0.5317565202713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.5051699280738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hyperspectral-imaging","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","score":0.44608089327812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2719714939594269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.24779734015464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2466019093990326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.23986610770225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.20685163140296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reflectivity","display_name":"Reflectivity","score":0.15339168906211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.09426188468933105}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151596937","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q856980","display_name":"Bidirectional reflectance distribution function","level":3,"score":0.9627646207809448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.5830762982368469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74193536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q574844","display_name":"Kernel (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.5786751508712769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5769246816635132},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5702425241470337},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1893757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3653001","display_name":"Inversion (geology)","level":3,"score":0.5317565202713013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.5051699280738831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159078339","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q959005","display_name":"Hyperspectral imaging","level":2,"score":0.44608089327812195},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2719714939594269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.24779734015464783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2466019093990326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.23986610770225525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.20685163140296936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108597893","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q663650","display_name":"Reflectivity","level":2,"score":0.15339168906211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.09426188468933105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114614502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76592","display_name":"Combinatorics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jstars.2010.2048745","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jstars.2010.2048745","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S117727964","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","issn_l":"1939-1404","issn":["1939-1404","2151-1535"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306101","display_name":"National Aeronautics and Space Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/027ka1x80"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W33277832","https://openalex.org/W156669207","https://openalex.org/W1537289202","https://openalex.org/W1557590941","https://openalex.org/W1558488285","https://openalex.org/W1963763897","https://openalex.org/W1964964062","https://openalex.org/W1965682604","https://openalex.org/W1974175105","https://openalex.org/W1974555319","https://openalex.org/W2001193882","https://openalex.org/W2003324716","https://openalex.org/W2004399829","https://openalex.org/W2004521513","https://openalex.org/W2004802436","https://openalex.org/W2022233612","https://openalex.org/W2022960709","https://openalex.org/W2025056962","https://openalex.org/W2029439520","https://openalex.org/W2034613118","https://openalex.org/W2040912369","https://openalex.org/W2043395499","https://openalex.org/W2045287632","https://openalex.org/W2046141162","https://openalex.org/W2046351788","https://openalex.org/W2047207020","https://openalex.org/W2047856650","https://openalex.org/W2049024497","https://openalex.org/W2061907477","https://openalex.org/W2064746095","https://openalex.org/W2074814449","https://openalex.org/W2075683767","https://openalex.org/W2078222544","https://openalex.org/W2078466821","https://openalex.org/W2082088327","https://openalex.org/W2084045278","https://openalex.org/W2084091628","https://openalex.org/W2085818444","https://openalex.org/W2088110453","https://openalex.org/W2102970817","https://openalex.org/W2113724293","https://openalex.org/W2123654369","https://openalex.org/W2125763679","https://openalex.org/W2127565251","https://openalex.org/W2129365055","https://openalex.org/W2130615363","https://openalex.org/W2135843276","https://openalex.org/W2138448722","https://openalex.org/W2146940620","https://openalex.org/W2151896708","https://openalex.org/W2152424523","https://openalex.org/W2154749941","https://openalex.org/W2159666988","https://openalex.org/W2162651334","https://openalex.org/W2167604263","https://openalex.org/W2168244392","https://openalex.org/W2170494824","https://openalex.org/W2170846069","https://openalex.org/W2176234939","https://openalex.org/W2394310798","https://openalex.org/W2801598938","https://openalex.org/W3156741330","https://openalex.org/W4385438173","https://openalex.org/W4385438272","https://openalex.org/W6751213366"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1996671438","https://openalex.org/W4382897192","https://openalex.org/W2063805703","https://openalex.org/W2611841783","https://openalex.org/W2010071472","https://openalex.org/W2155104807","https://openalex.org/W2158803563","https://openalex.org/W56489018","https://openalex.org/W2024647241","https://openalex.org/W2140081916"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Albedo":[0],"may":[1],"be":[2,237],"derived":[3],"from":[4,141,243],"clear-sky":[5],"remote-sensing":[6],"images":[7],"through":[8],"inversion":[9,127],"of":[10,67,76,108,164],"a":[11,24,64,160],"bidirectional":[12],"reflectance":[13],"distribution":[14],"function":[15],"(BRDF)":[16],"model":[17,30,60,87,98,174,190,202],"and":[18,27,38,71,80,103,115,170,195,203,209,223],"angular":[19,102,132,169],"integration.":[20],"This":[21],"paper":[22],"proposes":[23],"new":[25,59,86,101,154,189,201],"multi-angular":[26],"multi-spectral":[28],"BRDF":[29,62,194],"(ASK":[31],"Model)":[32],"based":[33],"on":[34],"the":[35,58,85,94,100,131,137,153,188,200,224,233],"kernel-driven":[36],"conception":[37],"gives":[39,146],"an":[40],"effective":[41],"algorithm":[42,155,204,235],"for":[43,97],"broadband":[44,157,197,214,241],"albedo":[45,158,242],"retrieval.":[46],"By":[47],"adding":[48],"component":[49],"spectra":[50],"into":[51],"kernels":[52,72,105],"as":[53,63,74,159],"prior":[54],"known":[55],"driven":[56],"variables,":[57],"expresses":[61],"linear":[65,162],"combination":[66,107,163],"wavelength-independent":[68],"kernel":[69,165],"coefficients":[70],"expressed":[73],"functions":[75],"both":[77,167],"observation":[78],"geometry":[79],"wavelength.":[81],"In":[82],"this":[83],"way,":[84],"brings":[88],"advantages":[89],"in":[90,168,178],"two":[91],"aspects.":[92],"On":[93,136],"one":[95],"hand,":[96,139],"inversion,":[99],"spectral":[104],"allow":[106],"observations":[109],"not":[110],"only":[111],"at":[112,120,149],"different":[113,121,140],"viewing":[114],"illumination":[116],"angles,":[117],"but":[118],"also":[119],"wavebands,":[122],"which":[123,145],"give":[124],"more":[125],"reliable":[126],"results":[128],"especially":[129],"when":[130],"data":[133],"are":[134,205],"limited.":[135],"other":[138],"traditional":[142],"narrowband-to-broadband":[143],"conversion,":[144],"empirical":[147],"weights":[148],"several":[150],"available":[151],"bands,":[152],"derives":[156],"weighted":[161],"integrations":[166],"wavelength":[171],"domains.":[172],"As":[173],"validation,":[175],"ground-based":[176],"measurements":[177],"Heihe":[179],"Field":[180],"Campaign":[181],"have":[182,216],"been":[183,217],"chosen.":[184],"Results":[185,230],"show":[186,231],"that":[187,232],"can":[191,236],"accurately":[192],"rebuild":[193],"derive":[196],"albedo.":[198],"Furthermore,":[199],"demonstrated":[206],"using":[207],"CHRIS":[208],"EOS-MODIS":[210],"data.":[211],"The":[212],"retrieved":[213],"albedos":[215],"compared":[218],"with":[219],"MODIS":[220],"BRDF/albedo":[221],"product":[222],"<i":[225],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[226],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">in":[227],"situ</i>":[228],"measurements.":[229],"presented":[234],"employed":[238],"to":[239],"retrieve":[240],"multisource":[244],"satellite":[245],"observations.":[246]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
