{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7133300577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2026.3668132","title":"A 28-nm Hybrid-Domain Outer Product-Based Floating-Point SRAM Computing-in-Memory Macro With Logarithm Bit-Width Residual ADC for Edge AI","display_name":"A 28-nm Hybrid-Domain Outer Product-Based Floating-Point SRAM Computing-in-Memory Macro With Logarithm Bit-Width Residual ADC for Edge AI","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-03-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7133300577","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2026.3668132"},"language":null,"primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2026.3668132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2026.3668132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076598644","display_name":"Yiyang Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-1707"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiyang Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8261-1707","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127990465","display_name":"Zhongyi Sun","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongyi Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100657570","display_name":"Yi Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6107-4607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiming Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5121858785","display_name":"Xinghua Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinghua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1825-7595","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Xiaoran Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-3554"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoran Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2609-3554","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100528867","display_name":"Cailian Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cailian Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064865111","display_name":"Qirui Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qirui Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0004-5625-1594","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101316478","display_name":"Meini Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3860-5757"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meini Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127985720","display_name":"Xi Wei","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I125839683","display_name":"Beijing Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01skt4w74","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I125839683","https://openalex.org/I890469752"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xi Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Institute of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Institute of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I125839683"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127914676","display_name":"Hao Wu","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hao Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7447-7004","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100446035","display_name":"Hao Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6881-9977"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210119392","display_name":"Institute of Microelectronics","ror":"https://ror.org/02s6gs133","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haitao Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"BIT Chongqing Institute of Microelectronics and Microsystems","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210119392"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006072144","display_name":"Qihao Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0425-7911"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210135812","display_name":"Sinochem Group (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03x8vck69","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210135812"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qihao Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shandong SinoChip Semiconductor Company Ltd"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0425-7911","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shandong SinoChip Semiconductor Company Ltd","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210135812"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chengying Chen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I75867142","display_name":"Xiamen University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01285e189","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chengying Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Xiamen University of Technology"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Xiamen University of Technology","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I75867142"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053627404","display_name":"Jinshan Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-7400"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jinshan Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8234-7400","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127924448","display_name":"Pui-In Mak","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pui-In Mak","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Macau (UM)"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3579-8740","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Macau (UM)","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029693132","display_name":"F Q Zhang","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Feng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Microelectronics"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2316-0392","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Microelectronics","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.18209892,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"61","issue":"8","first_page":"4450","last_page":"4462"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.555400013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10363","display_name":"Low-power high-performance VLSI design","score":0.555400013923645,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.0674000009894371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11005","display_name":"Radiation Effects in Electronics","score":0.05260000005364418,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macro","display_name":"Macro","score":0.5809000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/logarithm","display_name":"Logarithm","score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/overhead","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","score":0.5037999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/adder","display_name":"Adder","score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/static-random-access-memory","display_name":"Static random-access memory","score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","score":0.44780001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/residual","display_name":"Residual","score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/efficient-energy-use","display_name":"Efficient energy use","score":0.42669999599456787}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.5809000134468079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5476999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39927690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11197","display_name":"Logarithm","level":2,"score":0.5429999828338623},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779960059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7113681","display_name":"Overhead (engineering)","level":2,"score":0.5037999749183655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4851999878883362},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164620267","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q376953","display_name":"Adder","level":3,"score":0.48100000619888306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68043766","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q267416","display_name":"Static random-access memory","level":2,"score":0.45100000500679016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186370098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q442787","display_name":"Energy (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.44780001044273376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155512373","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287450","display_name":"Residual","level":2,"score":0.44279998540878296},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.42669999599456787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777767291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1080291","display_name":"Sizing","level":2,"score":0.420199990272522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.4074000120162964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.3961000144481659},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162307627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q204833","display_name":"Enhanced Data Rates for GSM Evolution","level":2,"score":0.3474000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778422915","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10302051","display_name":"Converters","level":3,"score":0.31290000677108765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113174947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2859736","display_name":"Tree (set theory)","level":2,"score":0.3075999915599823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2892000079154968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18762648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42213","display_name":"Work (physics)","level":2,"score":0.28760001063346863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1232282","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1783551","display_name":"Data conversion","level":2,"score":0.27090001106262207},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780165032","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16869822","display_name":"Energy consumption","level":2,"score":0.26570001244544983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163797641","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2067937","display_name":"Tree structure","level":3,"score":0.26010000705718994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781302577","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209","display_name":"Rectangle","level":2,"score":0.2572999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.25360000133514404}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2026.3668132","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2026.3668132","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5858449339866638,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2076236949","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"92464201","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2126270221","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"T2293732","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2304281538","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"6232241","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3722458669","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U2341218","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":29,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2921796727","https://openalex.org/W2922487710","https://openalex.org/W3012530838","https://openalex.org/W3015432327","https://openalex.org/W3016123840","https://openalex.org/W3133754064","https://openalex.org/W3134526034","https://openalex.org/W3139521791","https://openalex.org/W3172967059","https://openalex.org/W3199227356","https://openalex.org/W4220990849","https://openalex.org/W4221038786","https://openalex.org/W4221101426","https://openalex.org/W4313458650","https://openalex.org/W4360605483","https://openalex.org/W4360605703","https://openalex.org/W4360605756","https://openalex.org/W4360605969","https://openalex.org/W4360606196","https://openalex.org/W4360606939","https://openalex.org/W4386076539","https://openalex.org/W4387092567","https://openalex.org/W4392739417","https://openalex.org/W4392745569","https://openalex.org/W4392745879","https://openalex.org/W4393145114","https://openalex.org/W4393578753","https://openalex.org/W4408182041","https://openalex.org/W4408182754"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"increasingly":[1],"sophisticated":[2],"artificial":[3],"intelligence":[4],"(AI)":[5],"applications,":[6],"there":[7],"is":[8,153],"an":[9,97],"escalating":[10],"need":[11,106],"for":[12,107],"computing-in-memory":[13],"(CIM)":[14],"schemes":[15],"to":[16,49,87,103],"facilitate":[17],"high-precision":[18],"floating-point":[19],"(FP)":[20],"multiply":[21],"accumulate":[22],"(MAC)":[23],"computing,":[24],"while":[25],"existing":[26],"digital":[27,73],"or":[28],"analog":[29,75],"CIM":[30,47,56,64,76,101,124],"implementations":[31],"exhibit":[32],"inherent":[33],"limitations":[34],"when":[35],"confronted":[36],"with":[37,151],"high-bit":[38],"precision":[39],"situations.":[40],"Therefore,":[41],"this":[42],"work":[43,59],"presents":[44],"a":[45,62,79,108],"hybrid-domain":[46,63],"macro":[48,65,125],"enhance":[50],"the":[51,70,89,105,116,148],"energy":[52,129],"efficiency":[53,130,137],"of":[54,72,131,138,144],"FP":[55],"computation.":[57],"This":[58],"employs:":[60],"1)":[61],"structure":[66],"that":[67],"fully":[68],"utilizes":[69],"advantages":[71],"and":[74,92,95,114,134],"paradigms;":[77],"2)":[78],"logarithm":[80],"bit-width":[81],"zero-canceling":[82],"residual":[83],"analog-digital":[84],"convertor":[85],"(ADC)":[86],"minimize":[88],"ADC":[90],"overhead":[91],"improve":[93],"throughput;":[94],"3)":[96],"outer":[98],"product-based":[99],"FP/INT":[100],"architecture":[102],"eliminate":[104],"large":[109],"fan-in":[110],"multi-level":[111],"adder":[112],"tree":[113],"reduce":[115],"transmission":[117],"delay.":[118],"A":[119],"fabricated":[120],"28-nm":[121],"192-Kb":[122],"INT/FP":[123],"achieves":[126],"maximum":[127,135],"peak":[128],"72.12":[132],"TFLOPS/W":[133],"area":[136],"2.21":[139],"TFLOPS/mm2.":[140],"The":[141],"accuracy":[142],"loss":[143],"running":[145],"ResNet-18":[146],"on":[147],"CIFAR-100":[149],"dataset":[150],"BF16IN-BF16W-BF16OUT":[152],"0.05%.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2026-03-04T00:00:00"}
