{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4409225736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2025.3554554","title":"A 65-nm Digital Stochastic Compute-in-Memory CNN Processor With 8-bit Precision","display_name":"A 65-nm Digital Stochastic Compute-in-Memory CNN Processor With 8-bit Precision","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-04-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4409225736","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2025.3554554"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2025.3554554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2025.3554554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044643780","display_name":"Jiyue Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6328-7032"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiyue Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011105081","display_name":"Tianmu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1078-6743"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tianmu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084220043","display_name":"Wojciech Romaszkan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0906-7079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wojciech Romaszkan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084229134","display_name":"Puneet Gupta","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6188-1134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Puneet Gupta","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025807083","display_name":"Sudhakar Pamarti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1457-7508"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161318765","display_name":"University of California, Los Angeles","ror":"https://ror.org/046rm7j60","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sudhakar Pamarti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5044643780"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161318765"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.7467,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70367273,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"10","first_page":"3749","last_page":"3761"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12808","display_name":"Ferroelectric and Negative Capacitance Devices","score":0.9909999966621399,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12676","display_name":"Machine Learning and ELM","score":0.9796000123023987,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7160689234733582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bit","display_name":"Bit (key)","score":0.6800047159194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.5112168788909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.4528232514858246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.4135409891605377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.15151521563529968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.05838903784751892}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7160689234733582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117011727","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1278488","display_name":"Bit (key)","level":2,"score":0.6800047159194946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.5112168788909912},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.4528232514858246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.4135409891605377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.15151521563529968},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.05838903784751892}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2025.3554554","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2025.3554554","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6000000238418579,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1460743977","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"FA8650-18-27867","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","funder_display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320338294","display_name":"Air Force Research Laboratory","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2egq70"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":19,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1536680647","https://openalex.org/W2031267166","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2289252105","https://openalex.org/W2591601611","https://openalex.org/W2874662585","https://openalex.org/W2894696827","https://openalex.org/W2899641901","https://openalex.org/W3015432327","https://openalex.org/W3026786299","https://openalex.org/W3036331883","https://openalex.org/W3134304371","https://openalex.org/W3134526034","https://openalex.org/W3135835558","https://openalex.org/W3184640448","https://openalex.org/W4220922172","https://openalex.org/W4286571878","https://openalex.org/W4292387267","https://openalex.org/W4360606939"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W4327546585","https://openalex.org/W2411923897","https://openalex.org/W4394546135","https://openalex.org/W4285347720","https://openalex.org/W4200259850","https://openalex.org/W2333831899","https://openalex.org/W2484894494"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Compute-in-memory":[0],"(CIM)":[1],"is":[2,58],"an":[3,59],"emerging":[4],"solution":[5],"that":[6,35,65,93,124],"embeds":[7],"compute":[8,63],"logic":[9],"inside":[10],"the":[11,37,46,76,95,104],"memory":[12,21],"array":[13],"to":[14,43,74,112,127,139],"achieve":[15],"high":[16],"energy":[17,130],"efficiency":[18,131],"and":[19,41,71,72,99,108,135],"reduce":[20],"access":[22],"cost.":[23],"However,":[24],"current":[25],"CIM":[26,90,100,107],"solutions":[27],"require":[28],"bulky":[29],"analog-to-digital":[30],"converter":[31],"(ADC)/digital-to-analog":[32],"converters":[33],"(DACs)":[34],"make":[36],"accelerator":[38,123],"power":[39,53],"hungry":[40],"unable":[42],"scale":[44],"in":[45,106,132],"more":[47],"advanced":[48],"process":[49],"with":[50],"a":[51,88,116],"low":[52],"supply.":[54],"Stochastic":[55],"computing":[56],"(SC)":[57],"attractive":[60],"alternative":[61],"digital":[62],"scheme":[64],"uses":[66],"tiny":[67],"bit-serial":[68],"logic,":[69],"e.g.,":[70],"or,":[73],"perform":[75],"basic":[77],"MAC":[78],"operations":[79],"on":[80],"stochastic":[81,89],"sequences.":[82],"In":[83],"this":[84],"work,":[85],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"(SCIM)":[91],"approach":[92],"combines":[94],"benefits":[96,111],"of":[97],"SC":[98],"accelerators.":[101],"It":[102],"eliminates":[103],"DACs/ADCs":[105],"adds":[109],"CIM\u2019s":[110],"SC.":[113],"We":[114],"demonstrate":[115],"highly":[117],"programmable":[118],"convolutional":[119],"neural":[120],"network":[121],"(CNN)":[122],"achieves":[125],"up":[126],"7.96-TOPS/W":[128],"peak":[129],"65":[133],"nm":[134],"inference":[136],"accuracy":[137],"comparable":[138],"8-b":[140],"fixed":[141],"point.":[142]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}