{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405022963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3501196","title":"A Low-Noise Fractional-<i>N</i> Digital PLL Using a Resistor-Based Inverse-Constant-Slope DTC","display_name":"A Low-Noise Fractional-<i>N</i> Digital PLL Using a Resistor-Based Inverse-Constant-Slope DTC","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-04","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405022963","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3501196"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3501196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3501196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5098359070","display_name":"Pietro Salvi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4707-6669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pietro Salvi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0007-4707-6669","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010409811","display_name":"Simone M. Dartizio","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5983-5609"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Simone M. Dartizio","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5983-5609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055194098","display_name":"Michele Rossoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2684-8549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Michele Rossoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2684-8549","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035434717","display_name":"Francesco Tesolin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9743-5726"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Francesco Tesolin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9743-5726","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082358586","display_name":"Giacomo Castoro","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-1575"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giacomo Castoro","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8963-1575","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051946676","display_name":"Andrea L. Lacaita","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0315-514X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrea L. Lacaita","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0315-514X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085904857","display_name":"Salvatore Levantino","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-1700"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Salvatore Levantino","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0895-1700","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Milan, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.9956,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74001315,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"7","first_page":"2619","last_page":"2631"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11429","display_name":"Semiconductor Lasers and Optical Devices","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.6353421807289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/constant","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","score":0.6255165338516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.5912330746650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4823274314403534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.4185033440589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.40196311473846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.383939266204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.36873286962509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.30509549379348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2529805302619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.12615817785263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.10587847232818604}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.6353421807289124},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777027219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1284190","display_name":"Constant (computer programming)","level":2,"score":0.6255165338516235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.5912330746650696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4823274314403534},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.4185033440589905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.40196311473846436},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.383939266204834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.36873286962509155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.30509549379348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2529805302619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.12615817785263062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.10587847232818604},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3501196","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3501196","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1278821","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1278821","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.7300000190734863,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571758417","https://openalex.org/W1581211860","https://openalex.org/W1940483669","https://openalex.org/W1989376602","https://openalex.org/W2098340593","https://openalex.org/W2108660192","https://openalex.org/W2117662511","https://openalex.org/W2120500930","https://openalex.org/W2123111065","https://openalex.org/W2288286056","https://openalex.org/W2577476579","https://openalex.org/W2759862289","https://openalex.org/W2901368319","https://openalex.org/W2921886179","https://openalex.org/W2975185022","https://openalex.org/W3091265405","https://openalex.org/W3111607930","https://openalex.org/W3135892526","https://openalex.org/W3185810859","https://openalex.org/W3201131231","https://openalex.org/W4207074682","https://openalex.org/W4221034770","https://openalex.org/W4310050303","https://openalex.org/W4312448580","https://openalex.org/W4360605445","https://openalex.org/W4376133980","https://openalex.org/W4377001554","https://openalex.org/W4386825219","https://openalex.org/W4387546324","https://openalex.org/W4390956245","https://openalex.org/W4392745715","https://openalex.org/W4392745958","https://openalex.org/W4392746293","https://openalex.org/W4392746396","https://openalex.org/W4396917895","https://openalex.org/W4396918354","https://openalex.org/W4396918389","https://openalex.org/W4396918396"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3200817179","https://openalex.org/W1576949837","https://openalex.org/W1960166976","https://openalex.org/W2474043983","https://openalex.org/W2566880546","https://openalex.org/W2078513307","https://openalex.org/W2544336511","https://openalex.org/W2144737022","https://openalex.org/W1978186604","https://openalex.org/W2124954209"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,44,88,99,103],"digital-to-time":[4],"converter":[5],"(DTC)-based":[6],"fractional-N":[7],"phase-locked":[8],"loop":[9],"(PLL)":[10],"achieving":[11],"low":[12,15],"jitter":[13,28],"and":[14,67,111],"spurs.":[16],"Thanks":[17],"to":[18,52],"the":[19,25,34,39,84],"proposed":[20],"resistor-based":[21],"inverse-constant-slope":[22],"(R-ICS)":[23],"DTC,":[24],"DTC":[26,46,55],"random":[27,56],"is":[29,50],"drastically":[30],"reduced":[31],"while":[32],"retaining":[33],"excellent":[35],"linearity":[36],"performance":[37],"of":[38,75],"conventional":[40],"ICS-DTC":[41],"architecture.":[42],"Moreover,":[43],"tailored":[45],"range":[47,86],"reduction":[48],"technique":[49],"introduced":[51],"further":[53],"improve":[54],"noise.":[57],"The":[58],"PLL":[59],"prototype":[60],"has":[61],"been":[62],"fabricated":[63],"in":[64,83],"28-nm":[65],"CMOS":[66],"consumes":[68],"16.7":[69],"mW,":[70],"with":[71],"an":[72,80],"active":[73],"area":[74],"0.21":[76],"mm2.":[77],"It":[78],"generates":[79],"output":[81],"frequency":[82],"8.75\u201310.25-GHz":[85],"from":[87],"125-MHz":[89],"input":[90],"reference":[91],"frequency.":[92],"At":[93],"9.25-GHz":[94],"near-integer":[95],"channels,":[96],"it":[97],"achieves":[98],"67-fs":[100],"rms":[101],"jitter,":[102],"\u2212108.5-dBc/Hz":[104],"in-band":[105],"phase":[106],"noise":[107],"(at":[108],"10-kHz":[109],"offset),":[110],"fractional":[112],"spurs":[113],"below":[114],"\u221263":[115],"dBc.":[116]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
