{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402040922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","title":"A 6.5-to-8-GHz Cascaded Dual-Fractional- <i>N</i> Digital PLL Achieving \u221252.79-dBc Fractional Spur With 50-MHz Reference","display_name":"A 6.5-to-8-GHz Cascaded Dual-Fractional- <i>N</i> Digital PLL Achieving \u221252.79-dBc Fractional Spur With 50-MHz Reference","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402040922","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"hybrid","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080076770","display_name":"Dingxin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4691-2147"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Dingxin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040477650","display_name":"Yuncheng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6467-3667"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuncheng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081527973","display_name":"H\u00f3ngy\u00e8 Hu\u00e1ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6071-2075"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongye Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070812527","display_name":"Zheng Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5671-936X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045260163","display_name":"Bangan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3535-2407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bangan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042366511","display_name":"Ashbir Aviat Fadila","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5529-8217"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ashbir Aviat Fadila","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068137637","display_name":"Junjun Qiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3698-4369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjun Qiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103086411","display_name":"Zezheng Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2285-593X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zezheng Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115694919","display_name":"Wenqian Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenqian Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029698845","display_name":"Yuang Xiong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8111-0268"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuang Xiong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060789782","display_name":"Waleed Madany","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5653-9983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waleed Madany","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028333708","display_name":"Atsushi Shirane","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8172-4323"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Atsushi Shirane","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5064086312","display_name":"Kenichi Okada","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1082-7672"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I114531698","display_name":"Tokyo Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0112mx960","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kenichi Okada","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Tokyo, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":13,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080076770"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I114531698"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.4614,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82299847,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"60","issue":"3","first_page":"1043","last_page":"1055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.998199999332428,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.8903377056121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spur","display_name":"Spur","score":0.8189243674278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.5365263223648071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.42043042182922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3728550672531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3224482834339142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.24059352278709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19860050082206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/philosophy","display_name":"Philosophy","score":0.05826500058174133}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.8903377056121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779821383","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7581537","display_name":"Spur","level":2,"score":0.8189243674278259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.5365263223648071},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.42043042182922363},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3728550672531128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3224482834339142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.24059352278709412},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19860050082206726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.05826500058174133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3447021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3723536152","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPJ000254","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325628","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4073392023","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPMJFS2122","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","funder_display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G986473284","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"JPJ012368C00801","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","funder_display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320325628","display_name":"Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications","ror":"https://ror.org/00vs1pz50"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334789","display_name":"Japan Science and Technology Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/00097mb19"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335839","display_name":"National Institute of Information and Communications Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/016bgq349"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1571758417","https://openalex.org/W1970092416","https://openalex.org/W1997287970","https://openalex.org/W2029794151","https://openalex.org/W2099064239","https://openalex.org/W2120500930","https://openalex.org/W2151100180","https://openalex.org/W2528482522","https://openalex.org/W2585026918","https://openalex.org/W2609401991","https://openalex.org/W2793132439","https://openalex.org/W2897766837","https://openalex.org/W2901368319","https://openalex.org/W2948830776","https://openalex.org/W2960457490","https://openalex.org/W2984668191","https://openalex.org/W3016145810","https://openalex.org/W3091265405","https://openalex.org/W3099426297","https://openalex.org/W3120251947","https://openalex.org/W3135783513","https://openalex.org/W3185810859","https://openalex.org/W3201131231","https://openalex.org/W4207074682","https://openalex.org/W4229595843","https://openalex.org/W4285186438","https://openalex.org/W4287734268","https://openalex.org/W4310055006","https://openalex.org/W4312742732","https://openalex.org/W4313332255","https://openalex.org/W4319990034","https://openalex.org/W4362683569","https://openalex.org/W4376133980","https://openalex.org/W4386825219","https://openalex.org/W4387490577","https://openalex.org/W4387546324","https://openalex.org/W4391341612"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2242079364","https://openalex.org/W2317410790","https://openalex.org/W1912065184","https://openalex.org/W2049525097","https://openalex.org/W2964943829","https://openalex.org/W2516063142","https://openalex.org/W2372909716","https://openalex.org/W2162551450","https://openalex.org/W2326560183","https://openalex.org/W4225994594"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,72,132],"work":[1,73],"presents":[2],"a":[3,55,60,100,105,137],"6.5-to-8-GHz":[4],"cascaded":[5],"dual-fractional-N":[6],"digital":[7],"phase-locked":[8],"loop":[9],"(DPLL)":[10],"that":[11],"avoids":[12],"fractional":[13,24,42,69,114],"spur":[14,43,70,115,128],"degradation":[15],"in":[16,81,91,136],"near-integer":[17,117],"channels":[18],"by":[19],"utilizing":[20],"two":[21,33],"PLLs":[22,34],"with":[23,54,99],"frequency":[25],"control":[26],"words":[27],"(FCWs).":[28],"The":[29,113],"FCWs":[30],"of":[31,78,88,107,110],"the":[32,40,46,126],"are":[35],"carefully":[36],"selected":[37],"to":[38,104],"achieve":[39],"optimal":[41],"performance":[44],"at":[45,116],"output.":[47],"A":[48],"14-bit":[49],"segmented":[50],"digital-to-time":[51],"converter":[52],"(DTC)":[53],"background":[56],"nonlinearity":[57,63],"calibration":[58],"achieving":[59],"0.05%":[61],"integral":[62],"(INL)":[64],"is":[65,119,129,134],"proposed":[66],"for":[67],"further":[68],"suppression.":[71],"achieves":[74],"an":[75,85],"integrated":[76,86],"jitter":[77,87],"154.4":[79],"fs":[80,90],"integer-N":[82],"mode":[83],"and":[84,125],"190.8":[89],"fractional-N":[92],"mode,":[93],"respectively.":[94],"It":[95],"consumes":[96],"14.2":[97],"mW":[98],"50-MHz":[101],"reference,":[102],"leading":[103],"figure":[106],"merit":[108],"(FoM)":[109],"\u2212242.9":[111],"dB.":[112],"channel":[118],"as":[120,122],"low":[121],"\u221252.79":[123],"dBc,":[124],"reference":[127],"\u221272.4":[130],"dBc.":[131],"PLL":[133],"implemented":[135],"65-nm":[138],"CMOS":[139],"process,":[140],"occupying":[141],"0.48-mm2":[142],"core":[143],"area.":[144]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2024-08-31T00:00:00"}
