{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4401879418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3440071","title":"A <i>\u03b2</i>-Compensated NPN-Based Temperature Sensor With \u00b10.1 \u00b0C (3\u03c3) Inaccuracy From -55 \u00b0C to 125 \u00b0C and 200fJ \u00b7 K\u00b2 Resolution FoM","display_name":"A <i>\u03b2</i>-Compensated NPN-Based Temperature Sensor With \u00b10.1 \u00b0C (3\u03c3) Inaccuracy From -55 \u00b0C to 125 \u00b0C and 200fJ \u00b7 K\u00b2 Resolution FoM","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-08-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4401879418","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3440071"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3440071","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3440071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070447612","display_name":"Nandor G. Toth","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7546-3257"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nandor G. Toth","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7546-3257","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029302924","display_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-5467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-5467","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Department, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, CD, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.1816,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.49052891,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"12","first_page":"4068","last_page":"4076"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10369","display_name":"Advanced MEMS and NEMS Technologies","score":0.9477999806404114,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.6998857855796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sigma","display_name":"Sigma","score":0.5461543202400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-physics","display_name":"Mathematical physics","score":0.376932829618454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/particle-physics","display_name":"Particle physics","score":0.34384334087371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.15852540731430054}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.6998857855796814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778049214","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7512234","display_name":"Sigma","level":2,"score":0.5461543202400208},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37914503","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q156495","display_name":"Mathematical physics","level":1,"score":0.376932829618454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109214941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18334","display_name":"Particle physics","level":1,"score":0.34384334087371826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.15852540731430054}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3440071","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3440071","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.46000000834465027,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1529801014","https://openalex.org/W1965838897","https://openalex.org/W1977865810","https://openalex.org/W2090867037","https://openalex.org/W2112352003","https://openalex.org/W2115475919","https://openalex.org/W2130795074","https://openalex.org/W2149660230","https://openalex.org/W2163297099","https://openalex.org/W2583045991","https://openalex.org/W2895608533","https://openalex.org/W3015582253","https://openalex.org/W3016056298","https://openalex.org/W3136654693","https://openalex.org/W3157499544","https://openalex.org/W4210581110","https://openalex.org/W4310048666","https://openalex.org/W4312781694","https://openalex.org/W4386825151","https://openalex.org/W4392739401","https://openalex.org/W4399310790","https://openalex.org/W7064810125"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885","https://openalex.org/W2298861036"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,25,36,117,138,198],"CMOS":[4,125],"temperature":[5,113],"sensor":[6,128],"that":[7,152],"achieves":[8,154],"both":[9,193],"state-of-the-art":[10],"energy":[11,195],"efficiency":[12],"and":[13,27,77,85,101],"accuracy.":[14],"An":[15],"NPN-based":[16],"front":[17],"end":[18],"uses":[19],"two":[20,106],"resistors":[21,107],"to":[22,58,144,182],"efficiently":[23],"generate":[24],"PTAT":[26],"CTAT":[28],"current,":[29],"whose":[30],"ratio":[31,103],"is":[32,56,192],"then":[33],"digitized":[34],"by":[35,82],"continuous-time":[37],"(CT)":[38],"<inline-formula":[39,48,68,94,130,158,174,183,205],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[40,49,69,95,119,131,159,167,175,184,206],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[41,50,70,96,120,132,160,168,176,185,207],"<tex-math":[42,51,71,97,121,133,161,169,177,186,208],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\Delta":[43],"\\Sigma":[44],"$":[45,53,73,123,135,171],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-modulator.":[46],"A":[47],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\beta":[52,72],"</tex-math></inline-formula>-compensation":[54],"technique":[55],"used":[57],"mitigate":[59],"base":[60],"current":[61],"errors":[62],"associated":[63],"with":[64,197],"the":[65,91,102,105,127],"NPN\u2019s":[66],"finite":[67],"</tex-math></inline-formula>.":[74],"Component":[75],"mismatch":[76],"1/f":[78],"noise":[79],"are":[80,108],"mitigated":[81],"applying":[83],"chopping":[84],"dynamic":[86],"element":[87],"matching":[88],"(DEM),":[89],"while":[90],"spread":[92],"in":[93,116],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$V_{\\text":[98],"{BE}}$":[99],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[100],"of":[104,157,201,204],"digitally":[109],"trimmed":[110],"at":[111],"room":[112],"(RT).":[114],"Fabricated":[115],"0.18-<inline-formula":[118],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\mu":[122],"</tex-math></inline-formula>m":[124],"process,":[126],"draws":[129],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$2.5~\\mu":[134],"</tex-math></inline-formula>A":[136],"from":[137,142,173],"supply":[139],"voltage":[140],"ranging":[141],"1.4":[143],"2.2":[145],"V.":[146],"Measurements":[147],"on":[148],"40":[149],"samples":[150],"show":[151],"it":[153,191],"an":[155],"inaccuracy":[156],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\pm":[162],"0.1~^{\\circ":[163],"}$":[164,180,188],"</tex-math></inline-formula>C":[165,181],"(<inline-formula":[166],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$3\\sigma":[170],"</tex-math></inline-formula>)":[172],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$-":[178],"55~^{\\circ":[179],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$125~^{\\circ":[187],"</tex-math></inline-formula>C.":[189],"Furthermore,":[190],"highly":[194],"efficient,":[196],"resolution":[199],"figure":[200],"merit":[202],"(FoM)":[203],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$200\\text":[209],"{fJ}\\cdot":[210],"\\text":[211],"{K}^{2}$":[212],"</tex-math></inline-formula>,":[213],"as":[214,216],"well":[215],"very":[217],"compact,":[218],"occupying":[219],"only":[220],"0.07":[221],"mm2.":[222]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-26T08:34:08.712188","created_date":"2024-08-27T00:00:00"}
