{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4396680403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3393021","title":"A 265-GHz CMOS Reflectarray With 98\u00d798 Elements for 1\u00b0-Wide Beam Forming and High-Angular-Resolution Radar Imaging","display_name":"A 265-GHz CMOS Reflectarray With 98\u00d798 Elements for 1\u00b0-Wide Beam Forming and High-Angular-Resolution Radar Imaging","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-05-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4396680403","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3393021"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3393021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3393021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045877928","display_name":"Xibi Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-2769"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xibi Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2615-2769","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051229850","display_name":"Nathan M. Monroe","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3355-7281"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nathan M. Monroe","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001486682","display_name":"Georgios C. Dogiamis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-0491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Georgios C. Dogiamis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-0491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052956209","display_name":"Robert A. Stingel","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Robert A. Stingel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024307325","display_name":"Preston Myers","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preston Myers","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Chandler, AZ, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100751337","display_name":"Ruonan Han","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruonan Han","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6289-7832","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":36.2376,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":37,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99698623,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"11","first_page":"3655","last_page":"3669"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10069","display_name":"Antenna Design and Analysis","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11383","display_name":"Advanced Antenna and Metasurface Technologies","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11946","display_name":"Antenna Design and Optimization","score":0.9991000294685364,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3948618173599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3288825750350952}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3948618173599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3288825750350952}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2024.3393021","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2024.3393021","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W857168203","https://openalex.org/W1977706751","https://openalex.org/W1982686915","https://openalex.org/W1990530248","https://openalex.org/W1991641416","https://openalex.org/W2001220663","https://openalex.org/W2045727797","https://openalex.org/W2050982928","https://openalex.org/W2052654223","https://openalex.org/W2120796660","https://openalex.org/W2129577383","https://openalex.org/W2137748303","https://openalex.org/W2161528540","https://openalex.org/W2400368768","https://openalex.org/W2565558192","https://openalex.org/W2607275027","https://openalex.org/W2762897752","https://openalex.org/W2783820719","https://openalex.org/W2896094378","https://openalex.org/W2904648219","https://openalex.org/W2971197296","https://openalex.org/W3016600231","https://openalex.org/W3034744864","https://openalex.org/W3046088343","https://openalex.org/W3086769319","https://openalex.org/W3092261976","https://openalex.org/W3093805045","https://openalex.org/W3100435238","https://openalex.org/W3113108189","https://openalex.org/W3133585917","https://openalex.org/W3134442594","https://openalex.org/W3134566067","https://openalex.org/W3146612695","https://openalex.org/W4221080903","https://openalex.org/W4234008455","https://openalex.org/W4244766101","https://openalex.org/W4255261408","https://openalex.org/W4295916872","https://openalex.org/W4360605489","https://openalex.org/W4385192412","https://openalex.org/W4388895137","https://openalex.org/W6637403256","https://openalex.org/W6647587476","https://openalex.org/W6854596939"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4391375266","https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2748952813","https://openalex.org/W2935759653","https://openalex.org/W3105167352","https://openalex.org/W54078636","https://openalex.org/W2954470139","https://openalex.org/W1501425562","https://openalex.org/W2902782467","https://openalex.org/W3084825885"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,22,87,134],"high-angular-resolution":[1],"imaging":[2],"capability":[3],"of":[4,14,24,79],"future":[5],"automotive":[6],"and":[7,18,39,64,82,100,107,124,131,163],"security":[8],"sensing":[9],"systems":[10,30],"is":[11,51,89,136],"in":[12,128],"favor":[13],"compact,":[15],"fully":[16],"integrated,":[17],"reconfigurable":[19],"antenna":[20,85],"arrays.":[21],"adoption":[23],"sub-terahertz":[25],"(sub-THz)":[26],"frequencies":[27],"for":[28,35,177],"such":[29,158],"relieves":[31],"the":[32,36,77,116,178],"hardware":[33],"requirements":[34],"physical":[37],"size":[38,50,114],"fractional":[40],"bandwidth":[41],"(BW).":[42],"Phased/MIMO":[43],"arrays,":[44],"when":[45],"a":[46,70,112,169],"large":[47,83],"2-D":[48],"aperture":[49],"required,":[52],"are":[53],"facing":[54],"great":[55],"challenges":[56],"related":[57],"to":[58],"high":[59],"circuit":[60],"complexities,":[61],"electronic":[62],"density,":[63],"computation":[65],"power.":[66],"This":[67],"article":[68],"presents":[69],"digitally":[71],"controlled":[72],"265-GHz":[73],"reflectarray":[74,117,135],"that":[75],"decouples":[76],"designs":[78],"active":[80],"circuits":[81],"passive":[84],"array.":[86],"array":[88],"constructed":[90],"using":[91],"stitched":[92],"CMOS":[93],"chips,":[94],"fabricated":[95],"on":[96],"Intel":[97],"16":[98],"process,":[99],"each":[101],"unit":[102],"adopts":[103],"1-bit":[104],"phase":[105],"quantization":[106],"cross-polarization":[108],"backscatter":[109],"approaches.":[110],"With":[111],"credit-card":[113],"($5.6\\ttimes5.6$cm$^2$),":[115],"performs":[118],"1$^\\circ$-wide":[119],"pencil":[120],"beamforming":[121],"($\\sim$42-dBi":[122],"directivity)":[123],"electric":[125],"steering":[126],"within$\\pm$60$^\\circ$range":[127],"both":[129],"azimuth":[130],"elevation":[132],"directions.":[133],"also":[137,155],"equipped":[138],"with":[139,168],"780-Mb":[140],"integrated":[141],"under-antenna":[142],"memory,":[143],"which":[144],"not":[145],"only":[146],"eliminates":[147],"high-speed":[148],"data":[149],"communication":[150],"during":[151],"raster":[152],"scan":[153],"but":[154],"enables":[156],"techniques":[157],"as":[159],"time-dithering":[160],"sidelobe":[161],"reduction,":[162],"beam":[164],"squint":[165],"corrections.":[166],"Pairing":[167],"commercial":[170],"sub-THz":[171],"transceiver":[172],"(TRX),":[173],"this":[174],"work":[175],"also,":[176],"first":[179],"time,":[180],"demonstrates":[181],"high-angular-resolution,":[182],"mechanical-movement-free":[183],"terahertz":[184],"(THz)":[185],"imaging.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":23},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-13T07:04:57.449891","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}