{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377971477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2023.3276388","title":"A High-Efficiency High-Power 170-176-GHz Frequency Stabilized Quadrature Radiator","display_name":"A High-Efficiency High-Power 170-176-GHz Frequency Stabilized Quadrature Radiator","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377971477","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2023.3276388"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2023.3276388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2023.3276388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046367129","display_name":"Lili Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-2388"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lili Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6398-2388","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087288705","display_name":"Andreia Cathelin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2745-4523"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210104693","display_name":"STMicroelectronics (France)","ror":"https://ror.org/01c74sd89","country_code":"FR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I131827901","https://openalex.org/I4210104693"]}],"countries":["FR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andreia Cathelin","raw_affiliation_strings":["STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2745-4523","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"STMicroelectronics, Crolles, France","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210104693"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016591325","display_name":"Ehsan Afshari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-1788"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ehsan Afshari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4528-1788","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.3484,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.56123241,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"59","issue":"1","first_page":"243","last_page":"252"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10472","display_name":"Semiconductor materials and devices","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoupling","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","score":0.5308742523193359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/terahertz-radiation","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","score":0.5103639960289001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.48737555742263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radio-frequency","display_name":"Radio frequency","score":0.43118393421173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4081880748271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4003729224205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3563758134841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.30018073320388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2894478142261505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2331600785255432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205606062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5249645","display_name":"Decoupling (probability)","level":2,"score":0.5308742523193359},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107816215","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q647887","display_name":"Terahertz radiation","level":2,"score":0.5103639960289001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.48737555742263794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74064498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3396184","display_name":"Radio frequency","level":2,"score":0.43118393421173096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4081880748271942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4003729224205017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3563758134841919},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.30018073320388794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2894478142261505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2331600785255432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133731056","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4917288","display_name":"Control engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2023.3276388","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2023.3276388","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8199999928474426}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963660960","https://openalex.org/W1975276044","https://openalex.org/W2108355531","https://openalex.org/W2157029893","https://openalex.org/W2289966304","https://openalex.org/W2580116523","https://openalex.org/W2582457364","https://openalex.org/W2592401246","https://openalex.org/W2735542668","https://openalex.org/W2736966611","https://openalex.org/W2741028034","https://openalex.org/W2790555156","https://openalex.org/W2794113794","https://openalex.org/W2885918009","https://openalex.org/W2892966579","https://openalex.org/W2915233023","https://openalex.org/W2921422139","https://openalex.org/W2970628702","https://openalex.org/W2980769293","https://openalex.org/W2981823839","https://openalex.org/W2991193836","https://openalex.org/W2991804475","https://openalex.org/W3015352240","https://openalex.org/W3015855422","https://openalex.org/W3020154269","https://openalex.org/W3020694816","https://openalex.org/W3092477276","https://openalex.org/W3107488509","https://openalex.org/W3132814904","https://openalex.org/W3134442594","https://openalex.org/W3134796579","https://openalex.org/W3134828206","https://openalex.org/W3135206834","https://openalex.org/W3152175167","https://openalex.org/W3175069725","https://openalex.org/W3183085656","https://openalex.org/W3185492482","https://openalex.org/W3203621179","https://openalex.org/W3217728647","https://openalex.org/W4206145908","https://openalex.org/W4220940419","https://openalex.org/W4220994210","https://openalex.org/W4221080903","https://openalex.org/W4285047753","https://openalex.org/W4293255298","https://openalex.org/W4293518931","https://openalex.org/W4296916245","https://openalex.org/W4360605431","https://openalex.org/W4360606332"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2762687161","https://openalex.org/W2353254830","https://openalex.org/W2033952283","https://openalex.org/W2351210568","https://openalex.org/W2028421553","https://openalex.org/W2890072373","https://openalex.org/W2105973023","https://openalex.org/W3000002614","https://openalex.org/W2800192479","https://openalex.org/W3040184894"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,42],"this":[1,66],"article,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,31,68,86,96],"high-efficiency":[6],"high-power":[7],"radiator":[8,70],"with":[9],"on-chip":[10,45],"frequency":[11,46,127,133],"stabilization":[12,47,128],"and":[13,20,85,104,112],"quadrature":[14],"generation":[15],"capabilities":[16],"for":[17],"short-coherence-time":[18],"imaging":[19],"wireless":[21],"communication":[22],"applications.":[23],"To":[24,61],"achieve":[25],"efficient":[26],"sub-terahertz":[27],"(sub-THz)":[28],"signal":[29],"generation,":[30],"systematic":[32],"design":[33],"approach":[34],"using":[35],"the":[36,50,56,63,108,131],"device-centric":[37],"gain-plane":[38],"optimization":[39],"is":[40,59,72,93],"employed.":[41],"addition,":[43],"an":[44,76],"mechanism":[48,129],"utilizing":[49],"inherent":[51],"power":[52,80,111],"level":[53],"variation":[54],"over":[55],"tuning":[57],"range":[58],"proposed.":[60],"show":[62],"feasibility":[64],"of":[65,82,89,107],"approach,":[67],"170\u2013176-GHz":[69],"prototype":[71,92],"demonstrated,":[73],"which":[74],"has":[75],"effective":[77],"isotropic":[78],"radiated":[79],"(EIRP)":[81],"+24.6":[83],"dBm":[84],"dc-to-RF":[87,113],"efficiency":[88,114],"9.2%.":[90],"The":[91,126],"fabricated":[94],"in":[95],"55-nm":[97],"SiGe":[98],"bipolar":[99],"complementary":[100],"metal\u2013oxide\u2013semiconductor":[101],"(BiCMOS)":[102],"process":[103],"achieves":[105],"one":[106],"highest":[109],"output":[110],"among":[115],"designs":[116],"beyond":[117],"<inline-formula":[118],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[119],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[120],"<tex-math":[121],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$f_{\\text":[122],"{max}}$":[123],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[124],"/2.":[125],"reduces":[130],"long-term":[132],"drifts":[134],"by":[135],"4.3":[136],"times.":[137]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
