{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4225796835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2022.3156572","title":"A Duty-Cycled Integrated-Fluxgate Magnetometer for Current Sensing","display_name":"A Duty-Cycled Integrated-Fluxgate Magnetometer for Current Sensing","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4225796835","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2022.3156572"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2022.3156572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2022.3156572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5025017139","display_name":"Preet Garcha","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Preet Garcha","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2721-7926","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042124006","display_name":"Viola Sch\u00e4ffer","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210129496","display_name":"Texas Instruments (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/03cvjvq49","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210129496","https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Viola Schaffer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Freising, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Freising, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210129496"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112241036","display_name":"Baher Haroun","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baher Haroun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108713969","display_name":"S. Ramaswamy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Srinath Ramaswamy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Dallas, TX, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015125383","display_name":"Jim Wieser","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-5293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74760111","display_name":"Texas Instruments (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/03vsmv677","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jim Wieser","raw_affiliation_strings":["Texas Instruments Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5850-5293","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Texas Instruments Inc., Santa Clara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74760111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022916324","display_name":"Jeffrey H. Lang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5765-4369"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jeffrey Lang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5765-4369","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110257094","display_name":"Anantha Chandraksan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I63966007","display_name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/042nb2s44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anantha Chandraksan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5977-2748","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I63966007"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6389,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":25,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82822136,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"9","first_page":"2741","last_page":"2751"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.994700014591217,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6757177710533142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5987537503242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetometer","display_name":"Magnetometer","score":0.598688006401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/integrator","display_name":"Integrator","score":0.5647845268249512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluxgate-compass","display_name":"Fluxgate compass","score":0.5018610954284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.47700241208076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.46966612339019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.4265504479408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.42321985960006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/analog-front-end","display_name":"Analog front-end","score":0.4215167164802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3754720687866211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.36608701944351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3481372594833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2844482660293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2461325228214264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.1594410538673401}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6757177710533142},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5987537503242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.598688006401062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79518650","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2081431","display_name":"Integrator","level":3,"score":0.5647845268249512},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28044941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2735870","display_name":"Fluxgate compass","level":4,"score":0.5018610954284668},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.47700241208076477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.46966612339019775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.4265504479408264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.42321985960006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778870119","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16002927","display_name":"Analog front-end","level":3,"score":0.4215167164802551},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3754720687866211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.36608701944351196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3481372594833374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2844482660293579},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2461325228214264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.1594410538673401},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2022.3156572","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2022.3156572","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W179664470","https://openalex.org/W576385284","https://openalex.org/W1968318216","https://openalex.org/W2043306258","https://openalex.org/W2093290783","https://openalex.org/W2094461049","https://openalex.org/W2139356817","https://openalex.org/W2216085084","https://openalex.org/W2341202912","https://openalex.org/W2345435047","https://openalex.org/W2552213882","https://openalex.org/W2906419301","https://openalex.org/W2942277593","https://openalex.org/W2947731868","https://openalex.org/W3022291730","https://openalex.org/W3083425663","https://openalex.org/W3093163448","https://openalex.org/W3097136926","https://openalex.org/W3135487429","https://openalex.org/W6784676885","https://openalex.org/W6784756558"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W186479867","https://openalex.org/W1581680054","https://openalex.org/W2128531331","https://openalex.org/W2006083326","https://openalex.org/W1584582224","https://openalex.org/W3135487429","https://openalex.org/W2120279355","https://openalex.org/W2139774918","https://openalex.org/W2553166083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,45,70,96],"duty-cycled":[4,147],"integrated-fluxgate":[5],"(IFG)":[6],"magnetic-to-digital":[7],"converter":[8],"for":[9,78,159],"contactless":[10],"current":[11,80],"sensing.":[12],"While":[13],"previous":[14],"works":[15],"have":[16],"proven":[17],"high":[18],"linearity,":[19],"low":[20,23,33,160],"noise,":[21],"and":[22,58],"offset":[24],"capabilities":[25],"of":[26,75,100,113,140],"fluxgate":[27],"sensing,":[28],"this":[29],"work":[30],"focuses":[31],"on":[32],"energy":[34,107,150],"operation.":[35],"The":[36,67,82,92,110,128],"mixed-signal":[37],"front-end":[38],"design":[39],"enables":[40],"energy-efficient":[41],"duty":[42],"cycling":[43],"with":[44,95,123],"13-bit":[46],"digital":[47],"integrator":[48],"to":[49,104,148],"retain":[50],"the":[51,137],"last":[52],"converged":[53],"output":[54],"during":[55],"sleep":[56],"mode":[57],"resume":[59],"searching":[60],"in":[61,132,151],"its":[62],"vicinity":[63],"upon":[64],"wake":[65],"up.":[66],"system":[68],"achieves":[69],"\u00b12.4":[71],"mT":[72],"measured":[73],"range":[74],"magnetic":[76],"fields":[77],"indirect":[79],"measurement.":[81],"hierarchical":[83],"search":[84],"modes":[85],"achieve$10\\times":[86],"$faster":[87],"convergence":[88],"than":[89,119],"analog":[90],"implementations.":[91],"faster":[93],"readout":[94],"peak":[97,157],"sampling":[98],"rate":[99],"770":[101],"kS/s":[102],"translates":[103],"lower":[105],"compensation":[106],"per":[108],"sample.":[109],"3-dB":[111],"bandwidth":[112,158],"125":[114],"kHz":[115],"is":[116],"67%":[117],"higher":[118],"prior":[120],"IFG":[121,142],"art,":[122],"competitive":[124],"500-nT":[125],"rms":[126],"noise.":[127],"test":[129],"chip":[130],"fabricated":[131],"250-nm":[133],"CMOS":[134],"technology":[135],"consumes":[136],"lowest":[138],"power":[139],"known":[141],"works.":[143],"It":[144],"can":[145],"be":[146],"save":[149],"low-bandwidth":[152],"applications":[153],"or":[154],"run":[155],"at":[156],"latency.":[161]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
