{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4206592536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3135939","title":"A 0.9-V 28-MHz Highly Digital CMOS Dual-RC Frequency Reference With \u00b1200 ppm Inaccuracy From \u221240 \u00b0C to 85 \u00b0C","display_name":"A 0.9-V 28-MHz Highly Digital CMOS Dual-RC Frequency Reference With \u00b1200 ppm Inaccuracy From \u221240 \u00b0C to 85 \u00b0C","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-12-30","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4206592536","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3135939"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2021.3135939","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3135939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"green","oa_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_86cdd6f7-451d-4ff8-8db1-781b88ed5c25","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067541342","display_name":"Woojun Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7756-008X"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Woojun Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (D-ITET), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Technology and Electrical Engineering (D-ITET), ETH Z&#x00FC;rich, Z&#x00FC;rich, Switzerland","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028051970","display_name":"Jan Angevare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1165-9113"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jan Angevare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Department, Faculty of EEMCS, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Department, Faculty of EEMCS, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065407625","display_name":"Injun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6507-6071"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Injun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics Company Ltd., Hwaseong, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics Company Ltd., Hwaseong, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029302924","display_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-5467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Microelectronics Department, Faculty of EEMCS, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Microelectronics Department, Faculty of EEMCS, Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory, Delft University of Technology, Delft, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088759343","display_name":"Youngcheol Chae","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1618-169X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193775966","display_name":"Yonsei University","ror":"https://ror.org/01wjejq96","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youngcheol Chae","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193775966"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5067541342"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.5238,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":27,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.82922568,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"57","issue":"8","first_page":"2418","last_page":"2428"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/notation","display_name":"Notation","score":0.5629453063011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.41067713499069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discrete-mathematics","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","score":0.3525025546550751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.34870362281799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arithmetic","display_name":"Arithmetic","score":0.2398928701877594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45357846","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2001982","display_name":"Notation","level":2,"score":0.5629453063011169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.41067713499069214},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118615104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121416","display_name":"Discrete mathematics","level":1,"score":0.3525025546550751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.34870362281799316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.2398928701877594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2021.3135939","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3135939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:tud:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:23b335cf-8f35-4405-b94c-9d037f6eccd6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23b335cf-8f35-4405-b94c-9d037f6eccd6","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_86cdd6f7-451d-4ff8-8db1-781b88ed5c25","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, 57(8)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"pmh:tud:oai:tudelft.nl:uuid:23b335cf-8f35-4405-b94c-9d037f6eccd6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://resolver.tudelft.nl/uuid:23b335cf-8f35-4405-b94c-9d037f6eccd6","pdf_url":"https://repository.tudelft.nl/file/File_86cdd6f7-451d-4ff8-8db1-781b88ed5c25","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, 57(8)","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8999999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G118098278","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016-Global Ph.D. Fellowship Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3195937662","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016-Global Ph.D","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G342704958","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"funded","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3971583960","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016-Global","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4244126222","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4346218911","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Global Ph.D. Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5420432923","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Fellowship","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","funder_display_name":"Samsung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G982292920","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-20","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320671","display_name":"National Research Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/05s0g1g46"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322202","display_name":"IC Design Education Center","ror":"https://ror.org/005v57z85"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206592536.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4206592536.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":14,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2014618698","https://openalex.org/W2101246913","https://openalex.org/W2111923171","https://openalex.org/W2123054928","https://openalex.org/W2148114249","https://openalex.org/W2555980335","https://openalex.org/W2572234675","https://openalex.org/W2760648984","https://openalex.org/W2792043410","https://openalex.org/W2892393788","https://openalex.org/W2897048066","https://openalex.org/W2941215636","https://openalex.org/W3017630123","https://openalex.org/W3048924999"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1979597421","https://openalex.org/W2007980826","https://openalex.org/W4245490552","https://openalex.org/W4225152035","https://openalex.org/W2061531152","https://openalex.org/W3002753104","https://openalex.org/W2077600819","https://openalex.org/W1587224694","https://openalex.org/W2911598644","https://openalex.org/W2142036596"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,143],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,209],"energy-efficient":[4],"dual-":[5],"<inline-formula":[6,48,98,108,116,185,195,222,231],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[7,49,99,109,117,169,186,196,223,232],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[8,50,100,110,118,187,197,224,233],"<tex-math":[9,51,101,111,119,188,198,225,234],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$RC$":[10,52],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[11,53,105,114,123,191,201,229,237],"frequency":[12,30,163],"reference":[13,164],"intended":[14],"for":[15],"wireless":[16],"sensor":[17],"nodes.":[18],"It":[19,176],"consists":[20],"of":[21,31,81,150,181,212],"a":[22,32,40,87,95,139,151,172,178,203,239],"digital":[23,96,132,145],"frequency-locked":[24],"loop":[25],"(FLL)":[26],"in":[27,130,171],"which":[28,206],"the":[29,131,148],"digitally":[33],"controlled":[34],"oscillator":[35],"(DCO)":[36],"is":[37,84],"locked":[38],"to":[39,137,208,230],"temperature-independent":[41,140],"phase":[42,79,141],"shift":[43,80],"derived":[44],"from":[45,70,202,221],"two":[46],"different":[47,71],"poly-phase":[54],"filters":[55],"(PPFs).":[56],"Phase":[57],"shifts":[58],"with":[59],"complementary":[60],"temperature":[61],"coefficients":[62],"(TCs)":[63],"are":[64,127],"generated":[65],"by":[66,86,94],"using":[67],"PPFs":[68],"made":[69],"resistor":[72],"types":[73],"(p-poly":[74],"and":[75,91,155,158,193],"silicided":[76],"p-poly).":[77],"The":[78,125,161],"each":[82],"filter":[83],"determined":[85],"zero-crossing":[88],"(ZC)":[89],"detector":[90],"then":[92,128],"digitized":[93],"phase-domain":[97],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\Delta":[102,120],"\\Sigma":[103,121],"$":[104,113,190],"modulator":[106],"(":[107,184],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\Phi":[112],"-":[115],"\\text{M}$":[122],").":[124],"results":[126],"combined":[129],"domain":[133],"via":[134],"fixed":[135],"polynomials":[136],"produce":[138],"shift.":[142],"highly":[144],"architecture":[146],"enables":[147],"use":[149],"sub-1-V":[152],"supply":[153],"voltage":[154],"enhances":[156],"energy":[157,210],"area":[159],"efficiency.":[160],"28-MHz":[162],"occupies":[165],"0.06":[166],"mm":[167],"<sup":[168],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[170],"65-nm":[173],"CMOS":[174],"process.":[175],"achieves":[177,217],"period":[179],"jitter":[180],"7":[182],"ps":[183],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$1\\sigma":[189],")":[192],"draws":[194],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$142~\\mu":[199],"\\text{W}$":[200],"0.9-V":[204],"supply,":[205],"corresponds":[207],"consumption":[211],"5":[213],"pJ/cycle.":[214],"Furthermore,":[215],"it":[216],"\u00b1200":[218],"ppm":[219],"inaccuracy":[220],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$-":[226],"40\\,\\,^\\circ":[227],"\\text{C}$":[228,236],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$85~^\\circ":[235],"after":[238],"two-point":[240],"trim.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
