{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3161624220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3078322","title":"Broadband Active Load-Modulation Power Amplification Using Coupled-Line Baluns: A Multifrequency Role-Exchange Coupler Doherty Amplifier Architecture","display_name":"Broadband Active Load-Modulation Power Amplification Using Coupled-Line Baluns: A Multifrequency Role-Exchange Coupler Doherty Amplifier Architecture","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3161624220","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3078322","mag":"3161624220"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2021.3078322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3078322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089622361","display_name":"Naga Sasikanth Mannem","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9748-992X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Naga Sasikanth Mannem","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073784028","display_name":"Tzu-Yuan Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3596-0282"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tzu-Yuan Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100646268","display_name":"Hua Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4952-5505"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130701444","display_name":"Georgia Institute of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01zkghx44","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hua Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5089622361"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130701444"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.9347,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":40,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91402216,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"10","first_page":"3109","last_page":"3122"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12791","display_name":"Full-Duplex Wireless Communications","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.6992870569229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/broadband","display_name":"Broadband","score":0.5640555620193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modulation","display_name":"Modulation (music)","score":0.5326356887817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wideband","display_name":"Wideband","score":0.5154798626899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.4510853886604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/balun","display_name":"Balun","score":0.44681528210639954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.40888792276382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.357526570558548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3413536846637726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.2925070822238922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.2753467857837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26673227548599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.11634108424186707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.6992870569229126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C509933004","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194163","display_name":"Broadband","level":2,"score":0.5640555620193481},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123079801","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q750240","display_name":"Modulation (music)","level":2,"score":0.5326356887817383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780202535","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4524457","display_name":"Wideband","level":2,"score":0.5154798626899719},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4510853886604309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114489654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q805838","display_name":"Balun","level":3,"score":0.44681528210639954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.40888792276382446},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.357526570558548},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3413536846637726},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.2925070822238922},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.2753467857837677},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26673227548599243},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.11634108424186707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21822782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131214","display_name":"Antenna (radio)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2021.3078322","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2021.3078322","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G286427895","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"D18AP00052","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","funder_display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306078","display_name":"U.S. Department of Defense","ror":"https://ror.org/0447fe631"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":67,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2018401176","https://openalex.org/W2025125153","https://openalex.org/W2026305205","https://openalex.org/W2046010696","https://openalex.org/W2049089411","https://openalex.org/W2056010548","https://openalex.org/W2067689482","https://openalex.org/W2067742614","https://openalex.org/W2070726893","https://openalex.org/W2078935974","https://openalex.org/W2082595613","https://openalex.org/W2088884015","https://openalex.org/W2126449596","https://openalex.org/W2145709125","https://openalex.org/W2154934836","https://openalex.org/W2168845032","https://openalex.org/W2169249318","https://openalex.org/W2169866355","https://openalex.org/W2325846446","https://openalex.org/W2361089883","https://openalex.org/W2417471049","https://openalex.org/W2515605785","https://openalex.org/W2541668220","https://openalex.org/W2591882232","https://openalex.org/W2626403730","https://openalex.org/W2734696823","https://openalex.org/W2755089468","https://openalex.org/W2756971426","https://openalex.org/W2761076390","https://openalex.org/W2768939642","https://openalex.org/W2779659573","https://openalex.org/W2793551581","https://openalex.org/W2794244534","https://openalex.org/W2811492602","https://openalex.org/W2891483507","https://openalex.org/W2902777538","https://openalex.org/W2903723152","https://openalex.org/W2919177939","https://openalex.org/W2921128445","https://openalex.org/W2922322815","https://openalex.org/W2922491589","https://openalex.org/W2944672502","https://openalex.org/W2947523795","https://openalex.org/W2971735623","https://openalex.org/W2971782863","https://openalex.org/W2990739909","https://openalex.org/W2997542838","https://openalex.org/W3002423374","https://openalex.org/W3005524117","https://openalex.org/W3008827641","https://openalex.org/W3011818181","https://openalex.org/W3013793895","https://openalex.org/W3014768037","https://openalex.org/W3015324707","https://openalex.org/W3015599810","https://openalex.org/W3016229929","https://openalex.org/W3024988100","https://openalex.org/W3048991027","https://openalex.org/W3081200747","https://openalex.org/W3094161532","https://openalex.org/W3107883801","https://openalex.org/W3118298779","https://openalex.org/W3184810840","https://openalex.org/W6661926130","https://openalex.org/W6734266705","https://openalex.org/W6760386176","https://openalex.org/W7057383043"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2011144988","https://openalex.org/W1510532200","https://openalex.org/W2104175448","https://openalex.org/W2135321171","https://openalex.org/W3173742066","https://openalex.org/W4205171894","https://openalex.org/W2010034250","https://openalex.org/W2021011313","https://openalex.org/W3021132343"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Broadband":[0],"active":[1,32,45],"load-modulation":[2,33,46],"power":[3],"amplifiers":[4],"(PAs)":[5],"are":[6],"effective":[7],"to":[8,57,97],"enable":[9],"multistandard":[10],"wireless":[11],"communication":[12],"systems":[13],"with":[14,49,83,109,132,152,171,191,244],"high":[15,20],"dynamic-range":[16],"wideband":[17],"signals":[18],"and":[19,67,235],"energy":[21],"efficiency.":[22],"Traditional":[23],"Doherty":[24,53],"or":[25],"outphasing":[26],"PA":[27,47,63,101,138,177,211],"architectures":[28],"support":[29],"their":[30],"classic":[31],"operations":[34,56],"but,":[35],"however,":[36],"exhibit":[37],"limited":[38],"carrier":[39],"bandwidth.":[40,60,165,209],"We":[41],"propose":[42],"a":[43,70,78,104,128,167],"broadband":[44],"architecture":[48],"multifrequency":[50],"role-exchange":[51],"coupler-based":[52],"amplifier":[54],"(MF-CDA)":[55],"cover":[58],"over-an-octave":[59],"A":[61],"proof-of-concept":[62],"has":[64],"been":[65],"designed":[66],"fabricated":[68],"in":[69],"45-nm":[71],"RF":[72],"CMOS":[73],"SOI":[74],"process,":[75],"which":[76],"achieves":[77,103,178],"peak":[79],"PAE":[80,155,194,231],"of":[81,91,149,156,188,195,248],"41.88%\u201319.4%":[82],"<inline-formula":[84,113,142,181,198,237],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[85,114,143,182,199,238],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">":[86,115,144,183,200,239],"<tex-math":[87,116,145,184,201,240],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$P_{\\mathrm":[88,146,185,241],"{sat}}$":[89],"</tex-math></inline-formula>":[90,119,148,187,203,243],"over":[92,122,162,207,251],"22.66\u201319.53":[93],"dBm":[94,151,190,234],"from":[95],"26":[96],"60":[98],"GHz.":[99,253],"The":[100,210],"also":[102,212],"33.75%\u201310.2%":[105],"6-dB":[106],"PBO":[107],"efficiency":[108,120],"its":[110],"best":[111],"1.8":[112],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$\\times":[117],"$":[118],"enhancement":[121],"an":[123,140,153,179,192,245],"ideal":[124],"Class-B":[125],"PA.":[126],"Using":[127],"single-carrier":[129,168],"64-QAM":[130,226],"signal":[131,170],"0.8\u20133":[133],"GSym/S":[134,173],"(4.8\u201318":[135],"Gb/s),":[136,175],"the":[137,163,176,208],"supports":[139,213],"average":[141,154,180,193,230,236],"{out}}$":[147,186,242],"15.8\u201311.3":[150],"23.8%\u20138.5%":[157],"at":[158,197,232],"\u221223-dB":[159],"rms":[160,205,246],"EVM":[161,206,247],"entire":[164],"For":[166],"16-QAM":[169],"1\u20132.5":[172],"(4\u201310":[174],"18.7\u201315.6":[189],"34%\u201314.8%":[196],"notation=\"LaTeX\">$&gt;-$":[202],"20-dB":[204],"5G":[214,218],"NR":[215],"modulation":[216],"using":[217],"new":[219],"radio":[220],"(NR)":[221],"FR2":[222],"200":[223],"MHz":[224],"1-CC":[225],"signals,":[227],"achieving":[228],"16.54%\u20135.2%":[229],"12.25\u20139.34":[233],"\u221224":[249],"dB":[250],"26\u201360":[252]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}