{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3120192381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3048074","title":"Direct TOF Scanning LiDAR Sensor With Two-Step Multievent Histogramming TDC and Embedded Interference Filter","display_name":"Direct TOF Scanning LiDAR Sensor With Two-Step Multievent Histogramming TDC and Embedded Interference Filter","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-01-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3120192381","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3048074","mag":"3120192381"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2020.3048074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3048074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004049789","display_name":"H. Seo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2541-9396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Hyeongseok Seo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103068967","display_name":"Hee-Sun Yoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5662-8997"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heesun Yoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["SOSLAB, Gwangju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SOSLAB, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100699166","display_name":"Dongkyu Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3941-3446"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongkyu Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["SOSLAB, Gwangju, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SOSLAB, Gwangju, South Korea","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101538459","display_name":"Jungwoo Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6035-8272"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2250650973","display_name":"Samsung (South Korea)","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968","country_code":"KR","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungwoo Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Samsung Electronics, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Samsung Electronics, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2250650973"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100321810","display_name":"Seong\u2010Jin Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9353-5148"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seong-Jin Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology, Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5009724263","display_name":"Jung\u2010Hoon Chun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2668-6739"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jung-Hoon Chun","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091341639","display_name":"Jaehyuk Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4700-1900"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehyuk Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5004049789"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":23.0436,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.99344549,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"4","first_page":"1022","last_page":"1035"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12153","display_name":"Advanced Optical Sensing Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3105","display_name":"Instrumentation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11569","display_name":"Optical Coherence Tomography Applications","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10540","display_name":"Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques","score":0.9896000027656555,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1304","display_name":"Biophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/13","display_name":"Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.798267126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.5277515053749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectrometer","display_name":"Spectrometer","score":0.4861133098602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranging","display_name":"Ranging","score":0.47420743107795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scanner","display_name":"Scanner","score":0.46852821111679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.4508150517940521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4182501435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/filter","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","score":0.41428226232528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.3253752589225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.29086461663246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.10415437817573547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.10093355178833008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.09125563502311707}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.798267126083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.5277515053749084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33390570","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188463","display_name":"Spectrometer","level":2,"score":0.4861133098602295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115051666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6522493","display_name":"Ranging","level":2,"score":0.47420743107795715},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779751349","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1474480","display_name":"Scanner","level":2,"score":0.46852821111679077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.4508150517940521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4182501435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106131492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3072260","display_name":"Filter (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.41428226232528687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.3253752589225769},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.29086461663246155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.10415437817573547},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.10093355178833008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.09125563502311707}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2020.3048074","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3048074","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.unist.ac.kr:201301/52850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9324814","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401118","display_name":"Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","host_organization_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ARTICLE"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5299999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7706502842","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF-2020R1C1C1011813","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8953834749","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"N0001883","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322030","display_name":"Ministry of Science, ICT and Future Planning","ror":"https://ror.org/032e49973"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322064","display_name":"Korea Institute for Advancement of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/015w1qa96"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1642953514","https://openalex.org/W1969575569","https://openalex.org/W1980867351","https://openalex.org/W1984001432","https://openalex.org/W2019230763","https://openalex.org/W2040264848","https://openalex.org/W2053286848","https://openalex.org/W2058662614","https://openalex.org/W2086722602","https://openalex.org/W2102204611","https://openalex.org/W2135448171","https://openalex.org/W2141493752","https://openalex.org/W2218437761","https://openalex.org/W2558344443","https://openalex.org/W2884239713","https://openalex.org/W2886831597","https://openalex.org/W2900844588","https://openalex.org/W2906868222","https://openalex.org/W2906950685","https://openalex.org/W2912309949","https://openalex.org/W2966800051","https://openalex.org/W2973862492","https://openalex.org/W2977164968","https://openalex.org/W3013321211","https://openalex.org/W3015708172","https://openalex.org/W3048894409","https://openalex.org/W6782573794"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2783354812","https://openalex.org/W4384112194","https://openalex.org/W2103009189","https://openalex.org/W4312958259","https://openalex.org/W2349383066","https://openalex.org/W1969901537","https://openalex.org/W2594043982","https://openalex.org/W3036493597","https://openalex.org/W2486104965"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,31,43,84,96,104,113],"36-channel":[4],"scanning":[5],"light":[6],"detection":[7],"and":[8,52,95],"ranging":[9],"(LiDAR)":[10],"sensor":[11,20,64],"with":[12,30,50,72,103,112],"an":[13,22],"on-chip":[14],"single-photon":[15],"avalanche":[16],"diode":[17],"array.":[18],"The":[19,79],"has":[21,83],"area-efficient":[23],"11-bit":[24],"in":[25],"situ":[26],"histogramming":[27,51],"time-to-digital":[28],"converter":[29],"3000":[32],"\u00d778":[33],"\u03bcm":[34],"<sup":[35,118,122],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[36,119,123],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[37],"per":[38],"channel":[39],"area":[40],"based":[41],"on":[42],"mixed-signal":[44],"accumulator,":[45],"though":[46],"it":[47],"is":[48],"incorporated":[49],"filtering":[53],"capabilities.":[54],"Furthermore,":[55],"owing":[56],"to":[57],"its":[58],"embedded":[59],"interference":[60],"(IF)":[61],"filter,":[62],"the":[63],"can":[65,109],"perform":[66],"reliable":[67],"direct":[68],"time-of-flight":[69],"measurements":[70],"even":[71],"IF":[73,93],"from":[74],"32":[75],"different":[76],"LiDAR":[77,80],"sensors.":[78],"system":[81],"also":[82],"beam":[85],"scanner":[86],"that":[87,100],"comprises":[88],"dual":[89],"laser":[90],"diodes":[91],"for":[92],"elimination":[94],"hybrid":[97],"mirror":[98],"such":[99],"high-resolution":[101],"images":[102],"resolution":[105],"of":[106,116],"2200":[107],"\u00d736":[108],"be":[110],"acquired":[111],"wide":[114],"field-of-view":[115],"120":[117],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">\u00b0</sup>":[120,124],"\u00d78":[121],".":[125]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":20},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":9}],"updated_date":"2026-03-24T08:02:53.985720","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}