{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3114777824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3041288","title":"A Gesture Classification SoC for Rehabilitation With ADC-Less Mixed-Signal Feature Extraction and Training Capable Neural Network Classifier","display_name":"A Gesture Classification SoC for Rehabilitation With ADC-Less Mixed-Signal Feature Extraction and Training Capable Neural Network Classifier","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-12-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3114777824","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3041288","mag":"3114777824"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2020.3041288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3041288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058993281","display_name":"Yijie Wei","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-0495"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yijie Wei","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-0495","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051514982","display_name":"Qiankai Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2812-3857"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qiankai Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2812-3857","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016642677","display_name":"Kofi Otseidu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kofi Otseidu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hudson, MA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hudson, MA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018478365","display_name":"Levi J. Hargrove","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1705-0050"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1324242722","display_name":"Shirley Ryan AbilityLab","ror":"https://ror.org/02ja0m249","country_code":"US","type":"healthcare","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Levi J. Hargrove","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shirley Ryan Ability Lab, Chicago, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1324242722"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005991726","display_name":"Jie Gu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-7294"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111979921","display_name":"Northwestern University","ror":"https://ror.org/000e0be47","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Gu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2912-7294","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5058993281"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111979921"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":0.4355,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":7,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.59922119,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"3","first_page":"876","last_page":"886"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10784","display_name":"Muscle activation and electromyography studies","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11398","display_name":"Hand Gesture Recognition Systems","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11707","display_name":"Gaze Tracking and Assistive Technology","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/classifier","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","score":0.6393649578094482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6387170553207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.6143544316291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/feature-extraction","display_name":"Feature extraction","score":0.592714250087738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.5604044198989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5504341721534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/speech-recognition","display_name":"Speech recognition","score":0.4452715814113617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C95623464","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096149","display_name":"Classifier (UML)","level":2,"score":0.6393649578094482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6387170553207397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.6143544316291809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52622490","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1026626","display_name":"Feature extraction","level":2,"score":0.592714250087738},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.5604044198989868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5504341721534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28490314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189436","display_name":"Speech recognition","level":1,"score":0.4452715814113617}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2020.3041288","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.3041288","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.8700000047683716,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6183806576","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CNS-1816870","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","funder_display_name":"National Science Foundation"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320306076","display_name":"National Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/021nxhr62"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1493446411","https://openalex.org/W1549915690","https://openalex.org/W1569990971","https://openalex.org/W1797342007","https://openalex.org/W1864261202","https://openalex.org/W1996156336","https://openalex.org/W2012856983","https://openalex.org/W2018642663","https://openalex.org/W2041345816","https://openalex.org/W2110119146","https://openalex.org/W2122982148","https://openalex.org/W2134337497","https://openalex.org/W2145343602","https://openalex.org/W2316060299","https://openalex.org/W2322476966","https://openalex.org/W2477175099","https://openalex.org/W2537821842","https://openalex.org/W2567171447","https://openalex.org/W2568987709","https://openalex.org/W2771001537","https://openalex.org/W2805768015","https://openalex.org/W2806033632","https://openalex.org/W2896846187","https://openalex.org/W2900139838","https://openalex.org/W2945997721","https://openalex.org/W2987046939","https://openalex.org/W2997134259","https://openalex.org/W3015426613","https://openalex.org/W3017670455","https://openalex.org/W3020556376","https://openalex.org/W6731811275"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2601157893","https://openalex.org/W2131735617","https://openalex.org/W2373006798","https://openalex.org/W2049864679","https://openalex.org/W2056912418","https://openalex.org/W2123759770","https://openalex.org/W2033213769","https://openalex.org/W2811390910","https://openalex.org/W4312376745","https://openalex.org/W2082269393"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"article":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,105,116,137],"fully":[4,57],"integrated":[5],"gesture":[6],"and":[7,22,85,136],"gait":[8,83],"classification":[9,74],"system-on-chip":[10],"(SoC)":[11],"for":[12,72],"rehabilitation":[13,146],"application.":[14],"In":[15,148],"order":[16],"to":[17,41,49,68,81,99,120,172],"reduce":[18],"the":[19,26,51,96,101,122,144,150,160,164,173,181],"power":[20,130],"consumption":[21],"area":[23,52,157],"cost":[24,53],"on":[25],"analog":[27],"front":[28],"end,":[29],"special":[30],"analog-to-digital":[31],"converter":[32],"(ADC)-less":[33],"mixed-signal":[34],"feature":[35,178],"extraction":[36],"(MSFE)":[37],"circuits":[38,152],"were":[39],"designed":[40],"directly":[42],"generate":[43],"eight":[44],"commonly":[45],"used":[46],"time-domain":[47],"features":[48,94],"eliminate":[50],"of":[54,131,156,175],"ADC.":[55],"A":[56,109],"connected":[58],"neural":[59,78,97,182],"network":[60,79,98,183],"classifier":[61],"was":[62,113,167],"implemented":[63],"supporting:":[64],"1)":[65],"on-chip":[66],"learning":[67],"deliver":[69],"user-specific":[70],"training":[71],"better":[73],"accuracy;":[75],"2)":[76],"dedicated":[77],"layer":[80],"support":[82],"classification;":[84],"3)":[86],"multi-chip":[87],"data":[88,179],"communication,":[89],"which":[90],"transfers":[91],"only":[92,176],"low-dimensional":[93,177],"from":[95,180],"minimize":[100],"communication":[102,165],"bottleneck":[103],"in":[104,115],"sensor":[106],"fusion":[107],"environment.":[108],"12-channel":[110],"test":[111],"chip":[112],"fabricated":[114],"65-nm":[117],"low-power":[118],"process":[119],"demonstrate":[121],"proposed":[123],"techniques.":[124],"The":[125],"measurements":[126],"show":[127],"an":[128],"average":[129],"1":[132],"\u03bcW}$":[133],"per":[134],"channel":[135],"3-ms":[138],"computational":[139],"latency":[140],"as":[141],"required":[142],"by":[143,169],"stringent":[145],"requirement.":[147],"addition,":[149],"MSFE":[151],"achieve":[153],"3x":[154],"saving":[155],"compared":[158],"with":[159],"conventional":[161],"approach,":[162],"while":[163],"bandwidth":[166],"reduced":[168],"100x":[170],"due":[171],"transferring":[174],"among":[184],"multiple":[185],"chips.":[186]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
