{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3030003518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.2995326","title":"A Low-Jitter and Low-Reference-Spur Ring-VCO- Based Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier Using a Triple-Point Background Calibrator","display_name":"A Low-Jitter and Low-Reference-Spur Ring-VCO- Based Injection-Locked Clock Multiplier Using a Triple-Point Background Calibrator","publication_year":2020,"publication_date":"2020-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3030003518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.2995326","mag":"3030003518"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2020.2995326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.2995326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003562051","display_name":"Seyeon Yoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyeon Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2376","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101885360","display_name":"Seojin Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-6080"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seojin Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0861-6080","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068994388","display_name":"Yongsun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-9363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongsun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-9363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029028989","display_name":"Taeho Seong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3181-2744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeho Seong","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3181-2744","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014960258","display_name":"Younghyun Lim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-7236"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Younghyun Lim","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3976-7236","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004599468","display_name":"Jaehyouk Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-8684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehyouk Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-8684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.2226,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.77645117,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"56","issue":"1","first_page":"298","last_page":"309"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.8068662881851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","score":0.7616037726402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.7278513312339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.5893632769584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4945771396160126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.49341002106666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.433176726102829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.34797385334968567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.334320068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.27568143606185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.2573450803756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1337350606918335}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.8068662881851196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C5291336","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852341","display_name":"Voltage-controlled oscillator","level":3,"score":0.7616037726402283},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.7278513312339783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.5893632769584656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4945771396160126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.49341002106666565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.433176726102829},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.34797385334968567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.334320068359375},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.27568143606185913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.2573450803756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1337350606918335}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2020.2995326","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2020.2995326","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:s-space.snu.ac.kr:10371/199382","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10371/199382","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401345","display_name":"Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","host_organization_name":"Seoul National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.unist.ac.kr:201301/55690","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/9103008","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401118","display_name":"Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","host_organization_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ARTICLE"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8700000047683716,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2190668819","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"NRF2020R1A2C2004260","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","funder_display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322120","display_name":"National Research Foundation of Korea","ror":"https://ror.org/013aysd81"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322202","display_name":"IC Design Education Center","ror":"https://ror.org/005v57z85"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":32,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1989484081","https://openalex.org/W2016167819","https://openalex.org/W2017027686","https://openalex.org/W2072473787","https://openalex.org/W2097406868","https://openalex.org/W2100957399","https://openalex.org/W2121854746","https://openalex.org/W2131053965","https://openalex.org/W2150731325","https://openalex.org/W2172477025","https://openalex.org/W2277964521","https://openalex.org/W2462522525","https://openalex.org/W2526637327","https://openalex.org/W2592753695","https://openalex.org/W2593659858","https://openalex.org/W2741008498","https://openalex.org/W2760594917","https://openalex.org/W2768588921","https://openalex.org/W2791440917","https://openalex.org/W2791742617","https://openalex.org/W2792205995","https://openalex.org/W2792678133","https://openalex.org/W2895509314","https://openalex.org/W2896904406","https://openalex.org/W2899996489","https://openalex.org/W2913416661","https://openalex.org/W2913630574","https://openalex.org/W2920923622","https://openalex.org/W2946097807","https://openalex.org/W2948830776","https://openalex.org/W2972695498","https://openalex.org/W6749180199"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2141726610","https://openalex.org/W2061664740","https://openalex.org/W1964543336","https://openalex.org/W4242529045","https://openalex.org/W2057338677","https://openalex.org/W4236967454","https://openalex.org/W2105518569","https://openalex.org/W2112742062","https://openalex.org/W2589125258","https://openalex.org/W2911266525"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,80],"work":[1,47],"presents":[2],"a":[3,52,99,108],"low-jitter,":[4],"low-reference-spur":[5],"ring":[6],"voltage-controlled":[7],"oscillator":[8],"(ring":[9],"VCO)-based":[10],"injection-locked":[11],"clock":[12],"multiplier":[13],"(ILCM).":[14],"Since":[15],"the":[16,25,30,43,57,61,65,72,77,83,86,91,95,120,135,138,149],"proposed":[17],"triple-point":[18],"frequency/phase/slope":[19],"calibrator":[20],"(TP-FPSC)":[21],"can":[22],"accurately":[23],"remove":[24],"three":[26],"root":[27],"causes":[28],"of":[29,33,45,64,76,82,90,119,132],"frequency":[31,36,62],"errors":[32],"ILCMs":[34],"(i.e.,":[35],"drift,":[37],"phase":[38,74],"offset,":[39],"and":[40,85,116,127,148],"slope":[41],"modulation),":[42],"ILCM":[44,96,104],"this":[46],"is":[48],"able":[49],"to":[50,71,97],"achieve":[51,98],"low-level-reference":[53],"spur.":[54],"In":[55],"addition,":[56],"calibrating":[58],"loop":[59],"for":[60],"drift":[63],"TP-FPSC":[66,84],"offers":[67],"an":[68],"additional":[69],"suppression":[70],"in-band":[73],"noise":[75],"output":[78,122],"signal.":[79],"capability":[81],"naturally":[87],"wide":[88],"bandwidth":[89],"injection-locking":[92],"mechanism":[93],"allows":[94],"very":[100],"low-RMS":[101],"jitter.":[102],"The":[103,112,141],"was":[105,145,152],"fabricated":[106],"in":[107],"65-nm":[109],"CMOS":[110],"technology.":[111],"measured":[113],"reference":[114],"spur":[115],"RMS":[117],"jitter":[118],"2.4-GHz":[121],"signal":[123],"were":[124],"-72":[125],"dBc":[126],"140":[128],"fs,":[129],"respectively,":[130],"both":[131],"which":[133],"are":[134],"best":[136],"among":[137],"state-of-the-art":[139],"ILCMs.":[140],"active":[142],"silicon":[143],"area":[144],"0.055":[146],"mm2,":[147],"power":[150],"consumption":[151],"11.0":[153],"mW.":[154]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
