{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2952154040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2918940","title":"A 320-fs RMS Jitter and \u2013 75-dBc Reference-Spur Ring-DCO-Based Digital PLL Using an Optimal-Threshold TDC","display_name":"A 320-fs RMS Jitter and \u2013 75-dBc Reference-Spur Ring-DCO-Based Digital PLL Using an Optimal-Threshold TDC","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2952154040","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2918940","mag":"2952154040"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2918940","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2918940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029028989","display_name":"Taeho Seong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3181-2744"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Taeho Seong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3181-2744","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068994388","display_name":"Yongsun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-9363"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongsun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0654-9363","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003562051","display_name":"Seyeon Yoo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2376"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","display_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/017cjz748","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Seyeon Yoo","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1785-2376","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology (UNIST), Ulsan, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004599468","display_name":"Jaehyouk Choi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-8684"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jaehyouk Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3055-8684","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.9205,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":52,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.85876437,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"9","first_page":"2501","last_page":"2512"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9976999759674072,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9952999949455261,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.8996385335922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.8864017724990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.8157117962837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dpll-algorithm","display_name":"DPLL algorithm","score":0.7662988901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.663375735282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-to-digital-converter","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","score":0.6409593820571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digitally-controlled-oscillator","display_name":"Digitally controlled oscillator","score":0.622078001499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.5536061525344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.42240995168685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3208398222923279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.17835792899131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1397586166858673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delay-line-oscillator","display_name":"Delay line oscillator","score":0.07129591703414917}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.8996385335922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.8864017724990845},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.8157117962837219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143936061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2030088","display_name":"DPLL algorithm","level":4,"score":0.7662988901138306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.663375735282898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99594498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2434524","display_name":"Time-to-digital converter","level":4,"score":0.6409593820571899},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167872736","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5276224","display_name":"Digitally controlled oscillator","level":5,"score":0.622078001499176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.5536061525344849},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.42240995168685913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3208398222923279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.17835792899131775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1397586166858673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26907483","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5253479","display_name":"Delay line oscillator","level":4,"score":0.07129591703414917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2918940","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2918940","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:s-space.snu.ac.kr:10371/199395","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/10371/199395","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401345","display_name":"Seoul National University Open Repository (Seoul National University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I139264467","host_organization_name":"Seoul National University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139264467"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:scholarworks.unist.ac.kr:201301/27527","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/document/8737704","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401118","display_name":"Scholarworks@UNIST (Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I48566637","host_organization_name":"Ulsan National Institute of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I48566637"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"ARTICLE"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8899999856948853}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5862971206","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"SRFC-IT1702-02","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","funder_display_name":"Samsung"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332195","display_name":"Samsung","ror":"https://ror.org/04w3jy968"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1512440898","https://openalex.org/W1671033184","https://openalex.org/W1989484081","https://openalex.org/W2017027686","https://openalex.org/W2036186630","https://openalex.org/W2057845030","https://openalex.org/W2069335439","https://openalex.org/W2089328455","https://openalex.org/W2108324407","https://openalex.org/W2110931110","https://openalex.org/W2120500930","https://openalex.org/W2121854746","https://openalex.org/W2150593711","https://openalex.org/W2156158461","https://openalex.org/W2163341790","https://openalex.org/W2172477025","https://openalex.org/W2277964521","https://openalex.org/W2288499521","https://openalex.org/W2290934758","https://openalex.org/W2291102602","https://openalex.org/W2295656041","https://openalex.org/W2317713607","https://openalex.org/W2410273639","https://openalex.org/W2462522525","https://openalex.org/W2526637327","https://openalex.org/W2594705442","https://openalex.org/W2611384543","https://openalex.org/W2743617635","https://openalex.org/W2768588921","https://openalex.org/W2774610582","https://openalex.org/W2781947136","https://openalex.org/W2794361151","https://openalex.org/W2884049905","https://openalex.org/W2898634975","https://openalex.org/W2899254040","https://openalex.org/W6750041646","https://openalex.org/W6755566525"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2401428732","https://openalex.org/W2992346850","https://openalex.org/W2223905331","https://openalex.org/W2415980476","https://openalex.org/W2129773844","https://openalex.org/W1988254802","https://openalex.org/W145049781","https://openalex.org/W2952154040","https://openalex.org/W2143205859","https://openalex.org/W2044826848"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2,40],"a":[3,33,71,92],"ring-type,":[4],"digitally":[5],"controlled":[6],"oscillator":[7],"(DCO)-based":[8],"integer-N":[9],"digital":[10],"phase-locked":[11],"loop":[12,59],"(DPLL)":[13],"that":[14],"can":[15],"achieve":[16],"low":[17,20],"jitter":[18,79],"and":[19,53,75,87,98,113,122],"reference":[21,89],"spur":[22,90],"concurrently.":[23],"In":[24],"order":[25],"to":[26,84,107],"minimize":[27],"the":[28,50,54,58,64,88,123],"quantization":[29],"error,":[30],"while":[31],"consuming":[32],"small":[34],"amount":[35],"of":[36,49,57,91],"power,":[37],"this":[38],"work":[39],"an":[41],"optimal-threshold":[42],"(OT)":[43],"time-to-digital":[44],"converter":[45],"(TDC).":[46],"The":[47,66,116],"thresholds":[48],"OT":[51],"TDC":[52],"phase-correction":[55],"gain":[56],"are":[60],"corrected":[61],"continuously":[62],"in":[63,70],"background.":[65],"PLL":[67],"was":[68,119,126],"fabricated":[69],"65-nm":[72],"CMOS":[73],"process":[74],"its":[76],"measured":[77],"rms":[78],"integrated":[80],"from":[81],"1":[82],"kHz":[83],"100":[85],"MHz":[86],"2.4-GHz":[93],"frequency":[94],"were":[95,105],"320":[96],"fs":[97],"-75":[99],"dBc,":[100],"respectively.":[101],"Through":[102],"measurement,":[103],"they":[104],"verified":[106],"be":[108],"maintained":[109],"robustly":[110],"over":[111],"temperature":[112],"supply":[114],"variations.":[115],"active":[117],"area":[118],"0.055":[120],"mm2,":[121],"power":[124],"consumption":[125],"6.0":[127],"mW.":[128]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}