{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2914884137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2892555","title":"A Multi-Loop-Controlled AC-Coupling Supply Modulator With a Mode-Switching CMOS PA in an EER System With Envelope Shaping","display_name":"A Multi-Loop-Controlled AC-Coupling Supply Modulator With a Mode-Switching CMOS PA in an EER System With Envelope Shaping","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-02-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2914884137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2892555","mag":"2914884137"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2892555","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2892555","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101730423","display_name":"Xun Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-8886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xun Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6115-8886","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100755135","display_name":"Heng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7412-4351"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Heng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021630422","display_name":"Philip K. T. Mok","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9858-8604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Philip K. T. Mok","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9858-8604","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017948476","display_name":"Howard C. Luong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1501-9313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard C. Luong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1501-9313","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101730423"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":1.6949,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":21,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84327109,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"54","issue":"6","first_page":"1553","last_page":"1563"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.6382810473442078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5224653482437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-amplifier","display_name":"Linear amplifier","score":0.4695592224597931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/rf-power-amplifier","display_name":"RF power amplifier","score":0.43781623244285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-transconductance-amplifier","display_name":"Operational transconductance amplifier","score":0.4110496938228607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4008888602256775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.38495326042175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.35547637939453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operational-amplifier","display_name":"Operational amplifier","score":0.2542951703071594}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.6382810473442078},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5224653482437134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71041172","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6553412","display_name":"Linear amplifier","level":5,"score":0.4695592224597931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196054291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7276624","display_name":"RF power amplifier","level":4,"score":0.43781623244285583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58117264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239595","display_name":"Operational transconductance amplifier","level":5,"score":0.4110496938228607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4008888602256775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.38495326042175293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.35547637939453125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145366948","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178947","display_name":"Operational amplifier","level":4,"score":0.2542951703071594}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2019.2892555","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2019.2892555","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.ust.hk:1783.1-97808","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://gateway.isiknowledge.com/gateway/Gateway.cgi?GWVersion=2&SrcAuth=LinksAMR&SrcApp=PARTNER_APP&DestLinkType=FullRecord&DestApp=WOS&KeyUT=000469840600005","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7599999904632568}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W579496837","https://openalex.org/W1522333659","https://openalex.org/W1980378827","https://openalex.org/W1999195298","https://openalex.org/W2014434126","https://openalex.org/W2018206702","https://openalex.org/W2026044077","https://openalex.org/W2074697723","https://openalex.org/W2079036701","https://openalex.org/W2088873481","https://openalex.org/W2101055757","https://openalex.org/W2106589079","https://openalex.org/W2114326950","https://openalex.org/W2126521451","https://openalex.org/W2126556922","https://openalex.org/W2138185093","https://openalex.org/W2149237884","https://openalex.org/W2164148798","https://openalex.org/W2167350515","https://openalex.org/W2364388885","https://openalex.org/W2521645118","https://openalex.org/W2523814187","https://openalex.org/W2549102199","https://openalex.org/W2594576908","https://openalex.org/W2594594790","https://openalex.org/W2603550894","https://openalex.org/W2763471838","https://openalex.org/W4237223188","https://openalex.org/W6631325037","https://openalex.org/W6645246085","https://openalex.org/W6656786441","https://openalex.org/W6669028715","https://openalex.org/W6727385080","https://openalex.org/W6734776781"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2163964946","https://openalex.org/W313219734","https://openalex.org/W1638655194","https://openalex.org/W2275294017","https://openalex.org/W2374205166","https://openalex.org/W2004588295","https://openalex.org/W2560555503","https://openalex.org/W2109022474","https://openalex.org/W4312142654","https://openalex.org/W2191969814"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"an":[3,27],"ac-coupling":[4,75],"supply":[5,63,72,155,177],"modulator,":[6,73],"consist":[7],"of":[8,80,153,212],"a":[9,15,21,172,180,185,198,208,215],"25-MHz":[10],"three-level":[11,100],"switching":[12,112,134],"amplifier":[13,24,88,113,135],"and":[14,20,60,91,122],"wide-bandwidth":[16],"assisting":[17],"linear":[18,87],"amplifier,":[19],"CMOS":[22],"power":[23,89],"(PA),":[25],"in":[26,171],"envelope-elimination-and-restoration":[28],"system":[29,43,168,206],"with":[30,54,102,189,214],"envelope":[31,83],"shaping":[32,67],"(EER-ES)":[33],"for":[34],"low-cost,":[35],"low-precision,":[36],"long-term":[37],"evolution":[38],"(LTE)":[39],"applications.":[40],"The":[41,99,166,176,204],"EER-ES":[42,167,205],"removes":[44],"the":[45,62,68,71,74,78,81,86,97,103,111,133,139,151,154],"difficult":[46],"phase-path":[47],"signal":[48,59],"generation":[49],"block":[50],"by":[51,66,218],"driving":[52],"PA":[53],"original":[55],"radio":[56],"frequency":[57],"(RF)":[58],"alleviates":[61],"modulator":[64,156,178],"requirements":[65],"envelope.":[69,203],"For":[70],"topology":[76,101],"takes":[77],"advantage":[79],"shaped":[82],"to":[84,114,131,148,159],"reduce":[85],"consumption":[90],"achieve":[92,115],"instantaneous":[93],"higher":[94],"voltage":[95,120,183,188],"than":[96],"supply.":[98],"real-time":[104],"flying":[105],"capacitor":[106],"calibration":[107],"is":[108,129,146,169],"implemented":[109],"as":[110],"high":[116],"efficiency,":[117],"small":[118],"output":[119,182],"ripple,":[121],"fast":[123],"transient":[124],"response.":[125],"A":[126,142],"multi-loop":[127],"control":[128],"designed":[130,147],"enhance":[132],"speed,":[136],"thus":[137],"improving":[138],"overall":[140],"efficiency.":[141],"high-pass":[143],"filter":[144],"(HPF)":[145],"further":[149],"extend":[150],"bandwidth":[152],"from":[157,184],"33.9":[158],"69.2":[160],"MHz":[161],"without":[162],"additional":[163],"current":[164],"consumption.":[165],"fabricated":[170],"UMC":[173],"65-nm":[174],"process.":[175],"achieves":[179],"0.5-2.5-V":[181],"2.4-V":[186],"input":[187],"standard":[190],"1.2-V":[191],"devices.":[192],"It":[193],"measures":[194,207],"88.7%":[195],"efficiency":[196,210],"tracking":[197],"LTE-20-MHz":[199],"16-quadratic-amplitude":[200],"modulation":[201],"(QAM)":[202],"power-added":[209],"(PAE)":[211],"35.7%":[213],"2%":[216],"improvement":[217],"ES.":[219]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}