{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2480061537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2016.2588470","title":"Integrated Inverse Class-F Silicon Power Amplifiers for High Power Efficiency at Microwave and mm-Wave","display_name":"Integrated Inverse Class-F Silicon Power Amplifiers for High Power Efficiency at Microwave and mm-Wave","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-08-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2480061537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2016.2588470","mag":"2480061537"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2016.2588470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2016.2588470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003434422","display_name":"Seyed Yahya Mortazavi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Seyed Yahya Mortazavi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050456027","display_name":"Kwang-Jin Koh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3921-640X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I859038795","display_name":"Virginia Tech","ror":"https://ror.org/02smfhw86","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kwang-Jin Koh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3921-640X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electrical and Computer Engineering Department, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003434422"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I859038795"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9053,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":60,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9389492,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"10","first_page":"2420","last_page":"2434"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10175","display_name":"Advanced DC-DC Converters","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.7828459143638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.6089274883270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inverse","display_name":"Inverse","score":0.5188373327255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/harmonic","display_name":"Harmonic","score":0.4537537097930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.4485260546207428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.44170641899108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-impedance","display_name":"Electrical impedance","score":0.4266875982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.34180474281311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33562982082366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.2652432322502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.19813400506973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.14849689602851868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.14795640110969543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.7828459143638611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.6089274883270264},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C207467116","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4385666","display_name":"Inverse","level":2,"score":0.5188373327255249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127934551","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1148098","display_name":"Harmonic","level":2,"score":0.4537537097930908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.4485260546207428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.44170641899108887},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17829176","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179043","display_name":"Electrical impedance","level":2,"score":0.4266875982284546},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.34180474281311035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33562982082366943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.2652432322502136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.19813400506973267},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.14849689602851868},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.14795640110969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2016.2588470","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2016.2588470","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8799999952316284,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332180","display_name":"Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency","ror":"https://ror.org/02caytj08"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1485504473","https://openalex.org/W1518006379","https://openalex.org/W1964162426","https://openalex.org/W1973795250","https://openalex.org/W1978412672","https://openalex.org/W1991785438","https://openalex.org/W2018130513","https://openalex.org/W2024709191","https://openalex.org/W2037661696","https://openalex.org/W2041305836","https://openalex.org/W2046010696","https://openalex.org/W2046762985","https://openalex.org/W2071945927","https://openalex.org/W2073911469","https://openalex.org/W2074197909","https://openalex.org/W2077251073","https://openalex.org/W2078935974","https://openalex.org/W2082595613","https://openalex.org/W2096801919","https://openalex.org/W2104865388","https://openalex.org/W2115022361","https://openalex.org/W2116219953","https://openalex.org/W2116439290","https://openalex.org/W2118584403","https://openalex.org/W2125935608","https://openalex.org/W2130104782","https://openalex.org/W2138741704","https://openalex.org/W2144673626","https://openalex.org/W2147194202","https://openalex.org/W2157715295","https://openalex.org/W2158766609","https://openalex.org/W2160061651","https://openalex.org/W2169548679","https://openalex.org/W2172778092","https://openalex.org/W2173935168","https://openalex.org/W2320284509","https://openalex.org/W2334897881","https://openalex.org/W2487974927"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2899084033","https://openalex.org/W2137676555","https://openalex.org/W2515605785","https://openalex.org/W4245326239","https://openalex.org/W1507225775","https://openalex.org/W2106294750","https://openalex.org/W2183644323","https://openalex.org/W2133170110","https://openalex.org/W2003770484","https://openalex.org/W2138001257"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"two":[3],"2-stage":[4],"inverse":[5,29],"class-F":[6,30,96],"power":[7,53,169,233],"amplifiers":[8],"(PAs)":[9],"at":[10,176,235],"24":[11,144,177,180,308],"GHz":[12,145,181,189,208,251,259,309,321],"and":[13,46,137,165,190,203,260,286,288,311],"38":[14,207,250,320],"GHz,":[15],"integrated":[16],"in":[17,62,293],"0.13":[18],"\u03bcm":[19],"SiGe":[20],"BiCMOS":[21],"technology.":[22],"The":[23,66,143,179,249,265,296],"PAs":[24,266],"are":[25,268,291],"composed":[26],"of":[27,84,231,273],"an":[28,50],"output":[31,47,56,67],"stage":[32,48,57],"proceeded":[33],"by":[34,134,277],"a":[35,59,90,103,129,197],"class-AB":[36],"driving":[37],"amplifier.":[38,65],"An":[39],"inter-stage":[40,52],"matching":[41],"network":[42,70,101],"between":[43],"the":[44,55,63,82,85,95,112,125,138,201,236,271],"driver":[45,64],"delivers":[49],"optimal":[51],"to":[54,81,111,124,200],"with":[58,171,228],"maximum":[60],"PAE":[61,186,198,256],"stage's":[68],"load":[69,100],"based":[71],"on":[72],"multi-resonance":[73],"LC":[74],"resonators":[75],"terminates":[76],"harmonic":[77,114,140],"impedance":[78,119],"explicitly":[79],"up":[80,110,123],"third":[83],"fundamental":[86],"signal.":[87],"By":[88],"leveraging":[89],"native":[91],"low":[92],"capacitive":[93],"reactance,":[94],"<sup":[97,304,316],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[98,155,162,219,226,239,305,317],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-1</sup>":[99],"shapes":[102],"quasi-rectangular":[104],"current":[105],"waveform":[106],"that":[107],"effectively":[108],"contains":[109],"fifth":[113],"spectral":[115],"component.":[116],"A":[117],"high":[118],"control":[120],"is":[121,247,299],"limited":[122],"second":[126,139],"harmonic,":[127],"shaping":[128],"half-sinusoid":[130],"voltage":[131,141,175,194,246],"peaking":[132],"induced":[133],"DC,":[135],"fundamental,":[136],"spectra.":[142],"PA":[146,182,252,310],"achieves":[147],"50%":[148],"peak":[149,213],"PAE,":[150,214],"16":[151],"dBm":[152,159,216,223],"OP":[153,217,237],"<sub":[154,161,218,225,238],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-1dB</sub>":[156,220,240],",":[157,164,221],"18":[158],"P":[160,224],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">sat</sub>":[163,227],"19":[166],"dB":[167,230],"saturated":[168,232],"gain":[170,234],"2.3":[172],"V":[173,192,244,262],"supply":[174,193,204,245,263],"GHz.":[178],"can":[183,253],"maintain":[184],">45%":[185],"over":[187,257],"23.5-25.5":[188],"1.5-2.4":[191],"range,":[195],"manifesting":[196],"robustness":[199],"frequency":[202],"variations.":[205],"For":[206],"PA,":[209,322],"measurements":[210],"show":[211],"38.5%":[212],"15":[215,229],"17":[222],"point":[241],"when":[242],"2.4":[243],"applied.":[248],"sustain":[254],">35%":[255],"36-39":[258],"1.5-2.5":[261],"variation.":[264],"also":[267],"tested":[269],"under":[270],"input":[272],"band-limited":[274],"signals":[275],"modulated":[276],"various":[278],"modulation":[279],"schemes":[280],"including":[281,323],"8-PSK,":[282],"QAM,":[283],"16-QAM,":[284],"64-QAM,":[285],"128QAM,":[287],"test":[289],"results":[290],"presented":[292],"this":[294],"paper.":[295],"chip":[297],"size":[298],"0.95":[300],"\u00d7":[301,313],"0.6":[302],"mm":[303,315],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[306,318],"for":[307,319],"0.93":[312],"0.55":[314],"all":[324],"pads.":[325]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}