{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2280601454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2015.2497963","title":"A 4-to-10.5 Gb/s Continuous-Rate Digital Clock and Data Recovery With Automatic Frequency Acquisition","display_name":"A 4-to-10.5 Gb/s Continuous-Rate Digital Clock and Data Recovery With Automatic Frequency Acquisition","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-12-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2280601454","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2015.2497963","mag":"2280601454"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2015.2497963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2015.2497963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Guanghua Shu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guanghua Shu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Woo-Seok Choi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Woo-Seok Choi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Saurabh Saxena","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Saurabh Saxena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Mrunmay Talegaonkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mrunmay Talegaonkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Tejasvi Anand","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tejasvi Anand","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Ahmed Elkholy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ahmed Elkholy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Amr Elshazly","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Amr Elshazly","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":2.8117,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":88,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91456403,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"51","issue":"2","first_page":"428","last_page":"439"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9815000295639038,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10232","display_name":"Optical Network Technologies","score":0.9771000146865845,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/jitter","display_name":"Jitter","score":0.8932152986526489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.5524364113807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5106635689735413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5026640892028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-detector","display_name":"Phase detector","score":0.4937761723995209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-recovery","display_name":"Data recovery","score":0.4595355987548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.4479566812515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ring-oscillator","display_name":"Ring oscillator","score":0.4436787962913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pseudorandom-binary-sequence","display_name":"Pseudorandom binary sequence","score":0.44317346811294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-recovery","display_name":"Clock recovery","score":0.4385083317756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.41159236431121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3790445625782013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.35707300901412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-hardware","display_name":"Computer hardware","score":0.342958927154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/binary-number","display_name":"Binary number","score":0.3178514838218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.3102225959300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.27612215280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.14686882495880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.14006423950195312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.12642282247543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.11596465110778809}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.8932152986526489},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.5524364113807678},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5106635689735413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5026640892028809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110086884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2085341","display_name":"Phase detector","level":3,"score":0.4937761723995209},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C529754248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1054772","display_name":"Data recovery","level":2,"score":0.4595355987548828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.4479566812515259},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104111718","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2153973","display_name":"Ring oscillator","level":3,"score":0.4436787962913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C128040838","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1810628","display_name":"Pseudorandom binary sequence","level":3,"score":0.44317346811294556},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779835379","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2348121","display_name":"Clock recovery","level":4,"score":0.4385083317756653},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.41159236431121826},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3790445625782013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.35707300901412964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9390403","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3966","display_name":"Computer hardware","level":1,"score":0.342958927154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48372109","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3913","display_name":"Binary number","level":2,"score":0.3178514838218689},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.3102225959300995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.27612215280532837},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.14686882495880127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.14006423950195312},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.12642282247543335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.11596465110778809},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94375191","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11205","display_name":"Arithmetic","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2015.2497963","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2015.2497963","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.5,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972156538","https://openalex.org/W1974534024","https://openalex.org/W1975515451","https://openalex.org/W1992579604","https://openalex.org/W2031380370","https://openalex.org/W2036127429","https://openalex.org/W2045907409","https://openalex.org/W2066871406","https://openalex.org/W2072937223","https://openalex.org/W2074766092","https://openalex.org/W2085601098","https://openalex.org/W2105386586","https://openalex.org/W2109455894","https://openalex.org/W2113608937","https://openalex.org/W2115434507","https://openalex.org/W2120571356","https://openalex.org/W2121854746","https://openalex.org/W2126057508","https://openalex.org/W2131034019","https://openalex.org/W2134104208","https://openalex.org/W2137567719","https://openalex.org/W2145952450","https://openalex.org/W2157407867","https://openalex.org/W2164002677","https://openalex.org/W2171035445","https://openalex.org/W2174979304","https://openalex.org/W2200897986","https://openalex.org/W6643742465","https://openalex.org/W6644271046","https://openalex.org/W6672200448","https://openalex.org/W6681423978"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2068519122","https://openalex.org/W2171963021","https://openalex.org/W2085642108","https://openalex.org/W2391036835","https://openalex.org/W2756563761","https://openalex.org/W2003234253","https://openalex.org/W127191621","https://openalex.org/W2167311745","https://openalex.org/W2978267700","https://openalex.org/W2070627830"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0,45],"continuous-rate":[1],"digital":[2,91],"clock":[3,184],"and":[4,39,67,77,107,180,206,212],"data":[5,36,144],"recovery":[6],"(CDR)":[7],"with":[8,139,198],"automatic":[9,16,153],"frequency":[10,17,63,154,166],"acquisition":[11,18,155],"is":[12,32,40,52,87],"presented.":[13],"The":[14,85,151,202],"proposed":[15,152],"scheme":[19,156],"implemented":[20,88],"using":[21,89],"a":[22,55,90,116,182],"conventional":[23,83],"bang-bang":[24],"phase":[25],"detector":[26],"(BBPD)":[27],"requires":[28],"minimum":[29],"additional":[30],"hardware,":[31],"immune":[33],"to":[34,42,60,68,94,136,149],"input":[35,200],"transition":[37],"density,":[38],"applicable":[41],"subrate":[43],"CDRs.":[44,84],"ring-oscillator-based":[46],"two-stage":[47],"fractional-N":[48],"phase-locked":[49],"loop":[50,161],"(PLL)":[51],"used":[53],"as":[54],"digitally":[56],"controlled":[57],"oscillator":[58,79],"(DCO)":[59],"achieve":[61],"wide":[62],"range,":[64],"low":[65],"noise,":[66],"decouple":[69,95],"the":[70,121,159,174],"tradeoff":[71],"between":[72],"jitter":[73,99,105,186],"transfer":[74],"(JTRAN)":[75],"bandwidth":[76,97,205],"ring":[78],"noise":[80],"suppression":[81],"in":[82,115,168],"CDR":[86,123,160,175],"D/PLL":[92],"architecture":[93],"JTRAN":[96,109,204],"from":[98,134,147],"tolerance":[100],"(JTOL)":[101],"corner":[102,208],"frequency,":[103],"eliminate":[104],"peaking,":[106],"remove":[108],"dependence":[110],"on":[111],"BBPD":[112],"gain.":[113],"Fabricated":[114],"65":[117],"nm":[118],"CMOS":[119],"process,":[120],"prototype":[122],"achieves":[124,181],"error-free":[125],"operation":[126],"(BER":[127],"<;":[128],"10":[129,172],"<sup":[130],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[131,191,196],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-12</sup>":[132],")":[133],"4":[135],"10.5":[137],"Gb/s":[138],"pseudorandom":[140],"binary":[141],"sequence":[142],"(PRBS)":[143],"sequences":[145],"ranging":[146],"PRBS7":[148],"PRBS31.":[150],"always":[157],"locks":[158],"within":[162],"1000":[163],"ppm":[164],"residual":[165],"error":[167],"worst":[169],"case.":[170],"At":[171],"Gb/s,":[173],"consumes":[176],"22.5":[177],"mW":[178],"power":[179],"recovered":[183],"long-term":[185],"of":[187],"2.2":[188],"ps":[189,194],"<sub":[190,195],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">rms</sub>":[192],"/24.0":[193],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">pp</sub>":[197],"PRBS31":[199],"data.":[201],"measured":[203],"JTOL":[207],"frequencies":[209],"are":[210],"0.2":[211],"9":[213],"MHz,":[214],"respectively.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}