{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1982157988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2362854","title":"A Fully Parallel Nonbinary LDPC Decoder With Fine-Grained Dynamic Clock Gating","display_name":"A Fully Parallel Nonbinary LDPC Decoder With Fine-Grained Dynamic Clock Gating","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1982157988","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2362854","mag":"1982157988"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2014.2362854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2362854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070075482","display_name":"Youn Sung Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Youn Sung Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072208883","display_name":"Yaoyu Tao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7500-5250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yaoyu Tao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038110244","display_name":"Zhengya Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5963-9018"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I27837315","display_name":"University of Michigan","ror":"https://ror.org/00jmfr291","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhengya Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mi, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I27837315"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":6.1938,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":39,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96256036,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"50","issue":"2","first_page":"464","last_page":"475"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11321","display_name":"Error Correcting Code Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10125","display_name":"Advanced Wireless Communication Techniques","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10796","display_name":"Cooperative Communication and Network Coding","score":0.9905999898910522,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/low-density-parity-check-code","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","score":0.6285412311553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6064246892929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gating","display_name":"Gating","score":0.44139575958251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallel-computing","display_name":"Parallel computing","score":0.43125948309898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-gating","display_name":"Clock gating","score":0.41153576970100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decoding-methods","display_name":"Decoding methods","score":0.33351975679397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.23417037725448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-skew","display_name":"Clock skew","score":0.13859552145004272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clock-signal","display_name":"Clock signal","score":0.1261371672153473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biophysics","display_name":"Biophysics","score":0.08660551905632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08237206935882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.06978321075439453}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67692717","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187444","display_name":"Low-density parity-check code","level":3,"score":0.6285412311553955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6064246892929077},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194544171","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21105679","display_name":"Gating","level":2,"score":0.44139575958251953},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173608175","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q232661","display_name":"Parallel computing","level":1,"score":0.43125948309898376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22716491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q590170","display_name":"Clock gating","level":5,"score":0.41153576970100403},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57273362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q576722","display_name":"Decoding methods","level":2,"score":0.33351975679397583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.23417037725448608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60501442","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4382014","display_name":"Clock skew","level":4,"score":0.13859552145004272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137059387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q426882","display_name":"Clock signal","level":3,"score":0.1261371672153473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12554922","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7100","display_name":"Biophysics","level":1,"score":0.08660551905632019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08237206935882568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.06978321075439453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134652429","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1052698","display_name":"Jitter","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2014.2362854","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2362854","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1972376710","https://openalex.org/W1977932832","https://openalex.org/W1983835601","https://openalex.org/W2029473641","https://openalex.org/W2032222394","https://openalex.org/W2036158324","https://openalex.org/W2038705510","https://openalex.org/W2046073577","https://openalex.org/W2050306506","https://openalex.org/W2052295942","https://openalex.org/W2056223797","https://openalex.org/W2062062084","https://openalex.org/W2064982859","https://openalex.org/W2080266722","https://openalex.org/W2086112425","https://openalex.org/W2091764549","https://openalex.org/W2099643334","https://openalex.org/W2100387211","https://openalex.org/W2102251435","https://openalex.org/W2102986410","https://openalex.org/W2105166910","https://openalex.org/W2109866575","https://openalex.org/W2110920328","https://openalex.org/W2119281626","https://openalex.org/W2128709068","https://openalex.org/W2129475459","https://openalex.org/W2130194865","https://openalex.org/W2130240580","https://openalex.org/W2135764410","https://openalex.org/W2138551264","https://openalex.org/W2164601298","https://openalex.org/W2166978909","https://openalex.org/W2173776306","https://openalex.org/W4300188436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2007694056","https://openalex.org/W2061742363","https://openalex.org/W2506228617","https://openalex.org/W1980357539","https://openalex.org/W2114239009","https://openalex.org/W2543455143","https://openalex.org/W2784274080","https://openalex.org/W2186718480","https://openalex.org/W2095885645","https://openalex.org/W2620428984"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Nonbinary":[0],"LDPC":[1,19],"(NB-LDPC)":[2],"codes,":[3],"defined":[4],"over":[5],"Galois":[6],"field,":[7],"offer":[8],"better":[9],"coding":[10],"gain":[11],"and":[12,25,96,102,125,144,161,177],"a":[13,37,44,67,82,193],"lower":[14],"error":[15],"floor":[16],"than":[17],"binary":[18],"codes.":[20],"However,":[21],"the":[22,72,90,97,141,147,152,165,186],"complex":[23],"decoding":[24,109],"large":[26],"memory":[27],"requirement":[28],"have":[29,137],"prevented":[30],"any":[31],"practical":[32],"chip":[33],"implementations.":[34],"We":[35,115],"present":[36],"1.22":[38,155],"Gb/s":[39],"fully":[40,73],"parallel":[41,74],"decoder":[42,142,162],"of":[43,59,99,195],"GF(64)":[45],"(160,":[46],"80)":[47],"regular-(2,":[48],"4)":[49],"NB-LDPC":[50,62],"code":[51],"in":[52,61,71],"65":[53],"nm":[54],"CMOS.":[55],"The":[56,76,157],"reduced":[57],"number":[58],"edges":[60],"code's":[63],"factor":[64],"graph":[65],"permits":[66],"low":[68],"wiring":[69],"overhead":[70],"architecture.":[75],"throughput":[77,153,194],"is":[78],"further":[79],"improved":[80],"by":[81],"one-step":[83],"look-ahead":[84],"check":[85,103],"node":[86,101,104,119],"design":[87],"that":[88,106],"increases":[89],"clock":[91,113,128,139,159],"frequency":[92],"to":[93,111,120,130,150,154,168,182,189],"700":[94,178],"MHz,":[95],"interleaving":[98],"variable":[100],"operations":[105],"shortens":[107],"one":[108],"iteration":[110],"47":[112],"cycles.":[114],"allow":[116],"each":[117],"processing":[118,135],"detect":[121],"its":[122],"own":[123],"convergence":[124],"apply":[126],"dynamic":[127,158],"gating":[129,160],"save":[131],"power.":[132],"When":[133],"all":[134],"nodes":[136],"been":[138],"gated,":[140],"terminates":[143],"continues":[145],"with":[146],"next":[148],"input":[149],"increase":[151],"Gb/s.":[156],"termination":[163],"improve":[164],"energy":[166,187],"efficiency":[167,188],"3.03":[169],"nJ/b,":[170],"or":[171],"259":[172],"pJ/b/iteration,":[173],"at":[174,198],"1.0":[175],"V":[176],"MHz.":[179,200],"Voltage":[180],"scaling":[181],"675":[183],"mV":[184],"improves":[185],"89":[190],"pJ/b/iteration":[191],"for":[192],"698":[196],"Mb/s":[197],"400":[199]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-08-12T21:12:35.861297","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}