{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1988065098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2317142","title":"A 5 Gb/s Energy-Efficient Voltage-Mode Transmitter Using Time-Based De-Emphasis","display_name":"A 5 Gb/s Energy-Efficient Voltage-Mode Transmitter Using Time-Based De-Emphasis","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-05-02","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1988065098","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2317142","mag":"1988065098"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2014.2317142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2317142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014971774","display_name":"Saurabh Saxena","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5592-054X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saurabh Saxena","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014466863","display_name":"Romesh Kumar Nandwana","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0339-5792"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Romesh Kumar Nandwana","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086888499","display_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3456-2082"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157725225","display_name":"University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pavan Kumar Hanumolu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, , USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Illinois, Urbana-Champaign, IL, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. & Comput. Eng., Univ. of Illinois, Urbana, IL, , USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5014971774"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157725225"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8297,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":33,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93900443,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"8","first_page":"1827","last_page":"1836"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9983000159263611,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":0.9950000047683716,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmitter","display_name":"Transmitter","score":0.7438814043998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/emphasis","display_name":"Emphasis (telecommunications)","score":0.7380933165550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/duty-cycle","display_name":"Duty cycle","score":0.6516817808151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.5626426339149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.5336343050003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4540446996688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.42735472321510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pulse-width-modulation","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","score":0.4139050841331482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.38524186611175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.36696162819862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3469200134277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.16400599479675293}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47798520","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190157","display_name":"Transmitter","level":3,"score":0.7438814043998718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177454536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q578290","display_name":"Emphasis (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.7380933165550232},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199822604","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q557120","display_name":"Duty cycle","level":3,"score":0.6516817808151245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.5626426339149475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.5336343050003052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4540446996688843},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.42735472321510315},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C92746544","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q585184","display_name":"Pulse-width modulation","level":3,"score":0.4139050841331482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.38524186611175537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.36696162819862366},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3469200134277344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.16400599479675293}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2014.2317142","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2014.2317142","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8999999761581421}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332222","display_name":"University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign","ror":"https://ror.org/047426m28"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":13,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1538133845","https://openalex.org/W1965026761","https://openalex.org/W2002743180","https://openalex.org/W2021283610","https://openalex.org/W2021362216","https://openalex.org/W2046983902","https://openalex.org/W2073346158","https://openalex.org/W2098340593","https://openalex.org/W2099571807","https://openalex.org/W2105386586","https://openalex.org/W2143950660","https://openalex.org/W2166984288","https://openalex.org/W6656096929"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2055105357","https://openalex.org/W2153819599","https://openalex.org/W2255426644","https://openalex.org/W2072124641","https://openalex.org/W1918404916","https://openalex.org/W2943183667","https://openalex.org/W4301864333","https://openalex.org/W2392249189","https://openalex.org/W2036463713","https://openalex.org/W1598069005"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"this":[1,20],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"present":[4],"a":[5,50,118,145],"time-based":[6],"equalization":[7],"scheme":[8],"to":[9,112,144],"implement":[10],"transmit":[11],"de-emphasis":[12,31],"in":[13,33,49,79,129,136],"voltage-mode":[14,35,45],"drivers.":[15],"Using":[16],"two-level":[17],"pulse-width":[18],"modulation,":[19],"work":[21],"decouples":[22],"the":[23,73,95,99,102,130,137,155,158],"tradeoff":[24],"between":[25],"impedance":[26],"matching,":[27],"output":[28,61],"swing,":[29],"and":[30,55,60,77,86,133,140],"resolution":[32],"conventional":[34],"drivers":[36,139],"using":[37],"voltage-based":[38],"de-emphasis.":[39],"A":[40],"prototype":[41],"PWM-based":[42],"5":[43],"Gb/s":[44],"transmitter":[46,116],"was":[47],"implemented":[48],"90":[51],"nm":[52],"CMOS":[53],"process":[54],"characterized":[56],"across":[57],"different":[58],"channels":[59,81],"swings.":[62],"The":[63,115],"horizontal/vertical":[64],"eye":[65],"opening":[66],"(BER=10":[67],"<sup":[68],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[69],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">-12</sup>":[70],")":[71],"at":[72],"end":[74],"of":[75,94,123,148,157],"60":[76],"96":[78],"stripline":[80],"is":[82,127],"78":[83],"mv/0.6":[84],"UI":[85],"8":[87],"mV/0.3":[88],"UI,":[89],"respectively.":[90],"Duty":[91],"cycle":[92],"distortion":[93],"clock":[96,113],"severely":[97],"reduced":[98],"margins,":[100],"so":[101],"overall":[103],"performance":[104],"can":[105],"be":[106],"improved":[107],"by":[108],"applying":[109],"duty-cycle":[110],"correction":[111],"signals.":[114],"consumes":[117],"total":[119],"power":[120,146],"15.6":[121],"mW":[122,126,135],"which":[124,151],"2.5":[125],"consumed":[128],"digital":[131],"PLL":[132],"7.8":[134],"pre-/output":[138],"regulators.":[141],"This":[142],"translates":[143],"efficiency":[147],"3.1":[149],"mW/Gb/s,":[150],"compares":[152],"favorably":[153],"with":[154],"state":[156],"art.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-20T23:20:44.827607","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}