{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2107516488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2013.2289887","title":"A 72 dB DR, CT \u0394\u03a3 Modulator Using Digitally Estimated, Auxiliary DAC Linearization Achieving 88 fJ/conv-step in a 25 MHz BW","display_name":"A 72 dB DR, CT \u0394\u03a3 Modulator Using Digitally Estimated, Auxiliary DAC Linearization Achieving 88 fJ/conv-step in a 25 MHz BW","publication_year":2014,"publication_date":"2014-01-31","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2107516488","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2013.2289887","mag":"2107516488"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2013.2289887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2013.2289887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046826371","display_name":"John G. Kauffman","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3840-6885"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"John G. Kauffman","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067834961","display_name":"Pascal Witte","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4254-288X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Pascal Witte","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102926017","display_name":"Matthias Lehmann","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6407-3028"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matthias Lehmann","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5067122803","display_name":"Joachim Becker","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2125-7812"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Joachim Becker","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052080512","display_name":"Yiannos Manoli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2805-0539"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I161046081","display_name":"University of Freiburg","ror":"https://ror.org/0245cg223","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yiannos Manoli","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I161046081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034938079","display_name":"Maurits Ortmanns","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3547-1596"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196349391","display_name":"Universit\u00e4t Ulm","ror":"https://ror.org/032000t02","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurits Ortmanns","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Ulm, Institute of Microelectronics, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Inst. of Microelectron., Univ. of Ulm, Ulm, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196349391"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":9.0197,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":76,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98453462,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"49","issue":"2","first_page":"392","last_page":"404"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10502","display_name":"Advanced Memory and Neural Computing","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oversampling","display_name":"Oversampling","score":0.8417031764984131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spurious-free-dynamic-range","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","score":0.7565901875495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.5564386248588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearization","display_name":"Linearization","score":0.5474281311035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-of-merit","display_name":"Figure of merit","score":0.5371348261833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/delta-sigma-modulation","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","score":0.5250437259674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5232614278793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5026512145996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.4156011939048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.39727073907852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.395863801240921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.3675593137741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.26258158683776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1273193061351776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.09504079818725586}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197323446","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q331222","display_name":"Oversampling","level":3,"score":0.8417031764984131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119293636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657480","display_name":"Spurious-free dynamic range","level":3,"score":0.7565901875495911},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.5564386248588562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11210021","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1520713","display_name":"Linearization","level":3,"score":0.5474281311035156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.5371348261833191},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68754193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1184820","display_name":"Delta-sigma modulation","level":3,"score":0.5250437259674072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5232614278793335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5026512145996094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.4156011939048767},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.39727073907852173},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.395863801240921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.3675593137741089},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.26258158683776855},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1273193061351776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.09504079818725586},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2013.2289887","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2013.2289887","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1519269051","https://openalex.org/W1835180299","https://openalex.org/W1976436151","https://openalex.org/W1976898765","https://openalex.org/W1982315583","https://openalex.org/W1995733996","https://openalex.org/W2005686637","https://openalex.org/W2027395987","https://openalex.org/W2036679615","https://openalex.org/W2043596628","https://openalex.org/W2044826115","https://openalex.org/W2051879748","https://openalex.org/W2052225753","https://openalex.org/W2057788459","https://openalex.org/W2065154384","https://openalex.org/W2076823061","https://openalex.org/W2079474160","https://openalex.org/W2102382536","https://openalex.org/W2104728751","https://openalex.org/W2107964070","https://openalex.org/W2110412919","https://openalex.org/W2111878962","https://openalex.org/W2114238014","https://openalex.org/W2125043541","https://openalex.org/W2129872767","https://openalex.org/W2129974286","https://openalex.org/W2137463665","https://openalex.org/W2153293882","https://openalex.org/W2156900765","https://openalex.org/W2157049251","https://openalex.org/W2163980632","https://openalex.org/W2166932906","https://openalex.org/W2169074882","https://openalex.org/W2171712028","https://openalex.org/W3037572920","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1580014081","https://openalex.org/W2421111280","https://openalex.org/W2097165798","https://openalex.org/W2170102475","https://openalex.org/W1497881430","https://openalex.org/W2116548829","https://openalex.org/W2117483815","https://openalex.org/W2599174517","https://openalex.org/W2071642848","https://openalex.org/W2099548262"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,137],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,65,69,108,140,171,179,200,208],"single":[4],"loop,":[5],"third":[6],"order":[7],"continuous":[8],"time":[9],"\u0394\u03a3":[10,54,153,224],"modulator":[11,75,154,187],"with":[12,22,73,130],"an":[13,24,46,92,156,189],"internal":[14],"4":[15],"bit":[16,101],"quantizer":[17],"sampled":[18],"at":[19,43],"500":[20],"MHz":[21,173],"only":[23],"oversampling":[25],"ratio":[26],"of":[27,68,82,158,162,167,192,203,210,212,218],"10.":[28],"Since":[29],"multi-bit":[30,223],"operation":[31],"commonly":[32],"suffers":[33],"from":[34],"DAC":[35,49,103],"non-linearities,":[36],"and":[37,77,89,146,165,175,198],"dynamic":[38],"element":[39,58],"matching":[40],"is":[41,51,87,96,122,176,216],"ineffective":[42],"low":[44],"oversampling,":[45],"alternative":[47],"auxiliary":[48,102],"linearization":[50],"proposed":[52],"for":[53,112,126,222],"modulators.":[55,225],"The":[56,84,151,186],"unit":[57],"mismatches":[59],"are":[60],"digitally":[61],"estimated":[62],"based":[63],"on":[64,133],"cross":[66],"correlation":[67],"binary":[70],"test":[71],"signal":[72],"the":[74,79,99,119,219],"output":[76],"represent":[78],"measured":[80],"DNL":[81],"DAC1.":[83,106],"corresponding":[85],"INL":[86],"calculated":[88],"stored":[90],"in":[91,139,178],"15\u00d78":[93],"lookup-table":[94],"which":[95,124,215],"applied":[97],"to":[98,104],"8":[100],"linearize":[105],"Moreover,":[107],"design":[109],"centering":[110],"approach":[111],"amplifier":[113],"finite":[114],"gain":[115],"bandwidth":[116,128,174],"compensation":[117],"within":[118],"loop":[120,134,148],"filter":[121,135],"presented":[123,152],"allows":[125],"large":[127],"mismatch":[129],"negligible":[131],"effect":[132],"stability.":[136],"results":[138],"robust":[141],"architecture":[142],"over":[143,170],"temperature,":[144],"supply,":[145],"excess":[147],"delay":[149],"variations.":[150],"achieves":[155,207],"SNDR":[157],"67.5":[159],"dB,":[160,164],"DR":[161],"72":[163],"SFDR":[166],"79":[168],"dB":[169],"25":[172],"implemented":[177],"1.2":[180],"V,":[181],"90":[182],"nm":[183],"CMOS":[184],"process.":[185],"occupies":[188],"active":[190],"area":[191],"0.19":[193],"mm":[194],"<sup":[195],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[196],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[197],"has":[199],"power":[201],"consumption":[202],"8.5":[204],"mW.":[205],"It":[206],"figure":[209],"merit":[211],"88":[213],"fJ/conv-step":[214],"one":[217],"best":[220],"published":[221]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":11},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":19},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
