{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2008386962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2012.2209809","title":"A 2.4 GHz Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer With High-OSR \u0394\u03a3 Modulator and Nested PLL","display_name":"A 2.4 GHz Fractional-N Frequency Synthesizer With High-OSR \u0394\u03a3 Modulator and Nested PLL","publication_year":2012,"publication_date":"2012-09-20","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2008386962","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2012.2209809","mag":"2008386962"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2012.2209809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2012.2209809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032160231","display_name":"Pyoungwon Park","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Pyoungwon Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci.,, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci.,, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101886539","display_name":"Dongmin Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3171-9822"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongmin Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci.,, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci.,, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040917581","display_name":"SeongHwan Cho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7938-2694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I157485424","display_name":"Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05apxxy63","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"SeongHwan Cho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci.,, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electr. Eng. & Comput. Sci.,, KAIST, Daejeon, South Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5032160231"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I157485424"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.928,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93830712,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"47","issue":"10","first_page":"2433","last_page":"2443"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9914000034332275,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.991100013256073,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-locked-loop","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","score":0.7448789477348328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-divider","display_name":"Frequency divider","score":0.6506807804107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.5324944257736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.49619442224502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise-shaping","display_name":"Noise shaping","score":0.478876531124115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/direct-digital-synthesizer","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","score":0.4737195372581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-synthesizer","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","score":0.4699651896953583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.46498507261276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4592369496822357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantization","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","score":0.4432699680328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.4151211380958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.414222776889801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.3964957594871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3623412251472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.27135711908340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1969224214553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.12041172385215759}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12707504","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52637","display_name":"Phase-locked loop","level":3,"score":0.7448789477348328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74982907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1455624","display_name":"Frequency divider","level":3,"score":0.6506807804107666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.5324944257736206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.49619442224502563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9083635","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2133535","display_name":"Noise shaping","level":2,"score":0.478876531124115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166089067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1227465","display_name":"Direct digital synthesizer","level":5,"score":0.4737195372581482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C182099602","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2660678","display_name":"Frequency synthesizer","level":4,"score":0.4699651896953583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.46498507261276245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4592369496822357},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28855332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q198099","display_name":"Quantization (signal processing)","level":2,"score":0.4432699680328369},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.4151211380958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.414222776889801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.3964957594871521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3623412251472473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.27135711908340454},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1969224214553833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.12041172385215759},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2012.2209809","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2012.2209809","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.7699999809265137,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":15,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1965174157","https://openalex.org/W2072192908","https://openalex.org/W2079016261","https://openalex.org/W2085732029","https://openalex.org/W2102596261","https://openalex.org/W2103123048","https://openalex.org/W2109091204","https://openalex.org/W2120288563","https://openalex.org/W2122697381","https://openalex.org/W2146298723","https://openalex.org/W2158180061","https://openalex.org/W2169411838","https://openalex.org/W2171035445","https://openalex.org/W2172587493","https://openalex.org/W2177833654"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2536121404","https://openalex.org/W2361570964","https://openalex.org/W2393010087","https://openalex.org/W2050593896","https://openalex.org/W2081086825","https://openalex.org/W2977379338","https://openalex.org/W2509970048","https://openalex.org/W1584617889","https://openalex.org/W1743531526","https://openalex.org/W2143702700"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,7,57],"nested-PLL":[4],"architecture":[5],"for":[6],"low-noise":[8],"wide-bandwidth":[9],"fractional-N":[10],"frequency":[11,21],"synthesizer.":[12],"In":[13],"order":[14],"to":[15,46],"reduce":[16],"the":[17,52],"quantization":[18,68],"noise,":[19],"operating":[20],"of":[22,33,67],"\u0394\u03a3":[23],"modulator":[24],"(DSM)":[25],"is":[26,44],"increased":[27],"by":[28,51],"using":[29,61],"an":[30,41],"intermediate":[31],"output":[32],"feedback":[34],"divider.":[35,53],"A":[36],"PLL":[37],"which":[38],"serves":[39],"as":[40],"anti-alias":[42],"filter":[43],"added":[45],"suppress":[47],"noise":[48,69],"aliasing":[49],"caused":[50],"Prototype":[54],"implemented":[55],"in":[56],"0.13":[58],"\u03bcm":[59],"CMOS":[60],"ring":[62],"VCOs":[63],"achieves":[64],"26.3":[65],"dB":[66],"suppression":[70],"while":[71],"consuming":[72],"15.2":[73],"mW":[74],"and":[75],"occupying":[76],"0.17":[77],"mm":[78],"<sup":[79],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[80],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[81],".":[82]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
