{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2179219078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2162923","title":"A Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier With a Gain Error Reduction Loop and 0.06% Untrimmed Gain Error","display_name":"A Current-Feedback Instrumentation Amplifier With a Gain Error Reduction Loop and 0.06% Untrimmed Gain Error","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-09-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2179219078","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2162923","mag":"2179219078"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2162923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2162923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101884152","display_name":"Rong Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0485-2249"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rong Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory/DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory/DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091851429","display_name":"Johan H. Huijsing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Johan H. Huijsing","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory/DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory/DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029302924","display_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2992-5467"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I98358874","display_name":"Delft University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2c7k09","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kofi A. A. Makinwa","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory/DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronic Instrumentation Laboratory/DIMES, Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I98358874"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.8685,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":77,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93756708,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"12","first_page":"2794","last_page":"2806"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10323","display_name":"Analog and Mixed-Signal Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12564","display_name":"Sensor Technology and Measurement Systems","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1705","display_name":"Computer Networks and Communications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10558","display_name":"Advancements in Semiconductor Devices and Circuit Design","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/open-loop-gain","display_name":"Open-loop gain","score":0.7279017567634583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loop-gain","display_name":"Loop gain","score":0.6559565663337708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resistor","display_name":"Resistor","score":0.5996474623680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/automatic-gain-control","display_name":"Automatic gain control","score":0.5729171633720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/trimming","display_name":"Trimming","score":0.5646405816078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linearity","display_name":"Linearity","score":0.5444059371948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ripple","display_name":"Ripple","score":0.5153693556785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/amplifier","display_name":"Amplifier","score":0.5133880376815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.4739767909049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.44996118545532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.4123903512954712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3666628301143646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.3338976502418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3329751491546631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/voltage","display_name":"Voltage","score":0.3252561688423157}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143931264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5932986","display_name":"Open-loop gain","level":5,"score":0.7279017567634583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199943209","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1271153","display_name":"Loop gain","level":3,"score":0.6559565663337708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137488568","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5321","display_name":"Resistor","level":3,"score":0.5996474623680115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177502760","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q782524","display_name":"Automatic gain control","level":4,"score":0.5729171633720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56951928","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3539213","display_name":"Trimming","level":2,"score":0.5646405816078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77170095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1753188","display_name":"Linearity","level":2,"score":0.5444059371948242},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779599953","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1776117","display_name":"Ripple","level":3,"score":0.5153693556785583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.5133880376815796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.4739767909049988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.44996118545532227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.4123903512954712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3666628301143646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.3338976502418518},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3329751491546631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165801399","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25428","display_name":"Voltage","level":2,"score":0.3252561688423157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2162923","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2162923","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W277059554","https://openalex.org/W1546726434","https://openalex.org/W1595856916","https://openalex.org/W1965291684","https://openalex.org/W1984829230","https://openalex.org/W2041363057","https://openalex.org/W2072986608","https://openalex.org/W2101394360","https://openalex.org/W2101556294","https://openalex.org/W2112611349","https://openalex.org/W2119517556","https://openalex.org/W2125666370","https://openalex.org/W2131811287","https://openalex.org/W2146493315","https://openalex.org/W2146621255","https://openalex.org/W2156209188","https://openalex.org/W2158142805","https://openalex.org/W2159371590","https://openalex.org/W2168674552","https://openalex.org/W2177721770","https://openalex.org/W4237500539","https://openalex.org/W4242535932","https://openalex.org/W4243867153"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2357914858","https://openalex.org/W2245215996","https://openalex.org/W4388115748","https://openalex.org/W2054877252","https://openalex.org/W1853998334","https://openalex.org/W2009369354","https://openalex.org/W2004266780","https://openalex.org/W2361632208","https://openalex.org/W2209897625","https://openalex.org/W2007140121"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,141],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,58,119,126,133,137,149,157,168],"power-efficient":[4],"current-feedback":[5],"instrumentation":[6],"amplifier":[7],"(CFIA)":[8],"with":[9,77],"high":[10],"gain":[11,28,51,53,93,130,138],"accuracy.":[12],"It":[13],"is":[14,33],"intended":[15],"for":[16,111],"interfacing":[17],"precision":[18],"bridge":[19],"transducers":[20],"and":[21,55,104,132,156],"thermocouples":[22],"that":[23],"output":[24,86],"mV-level":[25],"signals.":[26],"The":[27,113],"accuracy":[29],"of":[30,39,80,101,139,147,153,159],"the":[31,37,78,85,99,102,109],"CFIA":[32],"mainly":[34],"limited":[35],"by":[36,89],"mismatch":[38],"two":[40],"transconductors.":[41],"Applying":[42],"dynamic":[43],"element":[44],"matching":[45],"(DEM)":[46],"to":[47],"them":[48],"ensures":[49],"good":[50],"accuracy,":[52],"drift,":[54],"linearity.":[56],"As":[57],"result,":[59],"these":[60],"transconductors":[61],"can":[62],"be":[63],"implemented":[64],"as":[65],"simple":[66],"differential":[67],"pairs,":[68],"resulting":[69],"in":[70,118],"significantly":[71],"improved":[72],"power":[73],"efficiency":[74],"when":[75],"compared":[76],"use":[79],"resistor-degenerated":[81],"stages.":[82],"To":[83],"suppress":[84],"ripple":[87],"caused":[88],"DEM,":[90],"an":[91,145],"automatic":[92],"error":[94,131],"reduction":[95],"loop":[96],"dynamically":[97],"nulls":[98],"Gmmismatch":[100],"input":[103],"feedback":[105],"transconductors,":[106],"thus":[107],"eliminating":[108],"need":[110],"trimming.":[112],"prototype":[114],"chip":[115],"was":[116],"realized":[117],"0.7-\u03bcm":[120],"CMOS":[121],"process.":[122],"Measurement":[123],"results":[124],"show":[125],"maximum":[127,150],"0.06%":[128],"untrimmed":[129],"5-ppm":[134],"INL":[135],"at":[136,167],"100.":[140],"work":[142],"also":[143],"achieves":[144],"NEF":[146],"11.2,":[148],"input-referred":[151],"offset":[152],"3":[154],"\u03bcV,":[155],"CMRR":[158],"127":[160],"dB":[161],"while":[162],"consuming":[163],"only":[164],"290":[165],"\u03bcA":[166],"5-V":[169],"supply.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-07-29T09:40:50.615796","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}