{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2160559300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","title":"CMOS Technology Scaling Considerations for Multi-Gbps Optical Receivers With Integrated Photodetectors","display_name":"CMOS Technology Scaling Considerations for Multi-Gbps Optical Receivers With Integrated Photodetectors","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2160559300","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","mag":"2160559300"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010704016","display_name":"Anthony Chan Carusone","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0977-7516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anthony Chan Carusone","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088768022","display_name":"Hemesh Yasotharan","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hemesh Yasotharan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109212848","display_name":"Tony Kao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I185261750","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tony Kao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, ONT, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I185261750"],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":4.6616,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":30,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95006033,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"8","first_page":"1832","last_page":"1842"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11992","display_name":"CCD and CMOS Imaging Sensors","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10623","display_name":"Thin-Film Transistor Technologies","score":0.9979000091552734,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodetector","display_name":"Photodetector","score":0.9328250885009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.7581477165222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/responsivity","display_name":"Responsivity","score":0.7032432556152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photodiode","display_name":"Photodiode","score":0.5519140958786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.5081381797790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bandwidth","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","score":0.49800753593444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.48548296093940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/equalization","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","score":0.4467516243457794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scaling","display_name":"Scaling","score":0.4336303472518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optical-communication","display_name":"Optical communication","score":0.4163472354412079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.39988189935684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.28456494212150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.22637319564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21791478991508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/channel","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","score":0.15731197595596313}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23125352","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210765","display_name":"Photodetector","level":2,"score":0.9328250885009766},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.7581477165222168},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178889773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7316011","display_name":"Responsivity","level":3,"score":0.7032432556152344},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C751236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q175943","display_name":"Photodiode","level":2,"score":0.5519140958786011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.5081381797790527},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.49800753593444824},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.48548296093940735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75755367","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q104531076","display_name":"Equalization (audio)","level":3,"score":0.4467516243457794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99844830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q102441924","display_name":"Scaling","level":2,"score":0.4336303472518921},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129404179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1469765","display_name":"Optical communication","level":2,"score":0.4163472354412079},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.39988189935684204},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.28456494212150574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.22637319564819336},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21791478991508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.15731197595596313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2157254","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307102","display_name":"Intel Corporation","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322015","display_name":"University of Toronto","ror":"https://ror.org/03dbr7087"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1985606679","https://openalex.org/W1996502205","https://openalex.org/W2011991026","https://openalex.org/W2019563041","https://openalex.org/W2101917397","https://openalex.org/W2108308530","https://openalex.org/W2114750958","https://openalex.org/W2118193612","https://openalex.org/W2120878685","https://openalex.org/W2124458226","https://openalex.org/W2124555892","https://openalex.org/W2125261494","https://openalex.org/W2126435338","https://openalex.org/W2134013279","https://openalex.org/W2140147371","https://openalex.org/W2140461261","https://openalex.org/W2144936521","https://openalex.org/W2145504385","https://openalex.org/W2168157089","https://openalex.org/W2169454816","https://openalex.org/W2174378327","https://openalex.org/W2540334968","https://openalex.org/W6646639330","https://openalex.org/W6677159944"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1963751660","https://openalex.org/W2986835734","https://openalex.org/W4367834319","https://openalex.org/W2594066644","https://openalex.org/W1994956462","https://openalex.org/W3008624128","https://openalex.org/W2476130132","https://openalex.org/W2607235087","https://openalex.org/W3134287205","https://openalex.org/W4385333227"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"integration":[1],"of":[2],"photodetectors":[3,35],"for":[4,17,130],"optical":[5,23],"communication":[6],"into":[7],"standard":[8],"nanoscale":[9],"CMOS":[10,39,84,118],"process":[11,66],"technologies":[12],"can":[13],"enable":[14,68],"low":[15],"cost":[16],"emerging":[18],"high":[19],"volume":[20],"short-reach":[21],"parallel":[22],"communication.":[24],"Whereas":[25],"past":[26],"work":[27,42],"has":[28],"highlighted":[29],"the":[30,44,99],"challenges":[31],"that":[32],"face":[33],"integrated":[34,119],"in":[36,82,92],"highly":[37],"scaled":[38],"technologies,":[40],"this":[41],"examines":[43],"opportunities":[45],"afforded":[46],"by":[47],"these":[48],"new":[49,69],"technologies.":[50],"First,":[51],"scaling":[52,108],"promises":[53],"improved":[54,60,73],"extrinsic":[55],"photodetector":[56,70],"bandwidth":[57],"thanks":[58],"to":[59,114,117,127],"TIA":[61],"performance.":[62,74],"Second,":[63],"modern":[64],"advanced":[65],"features":[67],"structures":[71],"with":[72],"A":[75],"phototransistor":[76],"employing":[77],"deep":[78],"n-wells":[79],"is":[80],"characterized":[81],"65-nm":[83],"and":[85,109],"exhibits":[86],"a":[87,95],"more":[88],"than":[89],"ten-fold":[90],"increase":[91],"responsivity":[93],"over":[94],"similar":[96],"structure":[97],"without":[98],"buried":[100],"n-well.":[101],"Third,":[102],"equalization":[103,125],"techniques":[104],"benefit":[105],"from":[106],"technology":[107],"are":[110],"only":[111],"just":[112],"beginning":[113],"be":[115],"applied":[116],"photodetectors.":[120],"In":[121],"particular,":[122],"decision":[123],"feedback":[124],"appears":[126],"offer":[128],"potential":[129],"10+":[131],"Gbps":[132],"operation.":[133]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}