{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2134953769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2155850","title":"Design and Analysis of Varactor-Less Interpolative-Phase-Tuning Millimeter-Wave LC Oscillators with Multiphase Outputs","display_name":"Design and Analysis of Varactor-Less Interpolative-Phase-Tuning Millimeter-Wave LC Oscillators with Multiphase Outputs","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-06-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2134953769","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2155850","mag":"2134953769"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2155850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2155850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5113706022","display_name":"Sujiang Rong","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sujiang Rong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Engi neering, Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Kowloon, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Engi neering, Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Kowloon, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5017948476","display_name":"Howard C. Luong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1501-9313"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","display_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00q4vv597","country_code":"HK","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}],"countries":["HK"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Howard C. Luong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Engi neering, Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Kowloon, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Electronic and Computer Engineering, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dept. of Electron. & Comput. Engi neering, Hong Kong Univ. of Sci. & Technol., Kowloon, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5113706022"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"apc_list":null,"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.2419,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92536005,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"8","first_page":"1810","last_page":"1819"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10262","display_name":"Microwave Engineering and Waveguides","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10299","display_name":"Photonic and Optical Devices","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.9127829074859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/varicap","display_name":"Varicap","score":0.828728199005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.8122556805610657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/offset","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","score":0.675930917263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/extremely-high-frequency","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","score":0.6608808040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.603978157043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/figure-of-merit","display_name":"Figure of merit","score":0.5527778267860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.46701982617378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chip","display_name":"Chip","score":0.4357137084007263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.41758549213409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.35606327652931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.3523308336734772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2788081765174866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.2621423006057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1689108908176422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/capacitance","display_name":"Capacitance","score":0.11602675914764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.09923654794692993}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.9127829074859619},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15485314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q467463","display_name":"Varicap","level":4,"score":0.828728199005127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.8122556805610657},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175291020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1156822","display_name":"Offset (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.675930917263031},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45764600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q570342","display_name":"Extremely high frequency","level":2,"score":0.6608808040618896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.603978157043457},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130277099","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3676605","display_name":"Figure of merit","level":2,"score":0.5527778267860413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.46701982617378235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165005293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1074500","display_name":"Chip","level":2,"score":0.4357137084007263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.41758549213409424},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.35606327652931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.3523308336734772},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2788081765174866},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.2621423006057739},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1689108908176422},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30066665","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q164399","display_name":"Capacitance","level":3,"score":0.11602675914764404},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.09923654794692993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17525397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176140","display_name":"Electrode","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199360897","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9143","display_name":"Programming language","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2155850","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2155850","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-45655","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-45655","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.6800000071525574,"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":27,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1552992661","https://openalex.org/W1981230256","https://openalex.org/W1988931066","https://openalex.org/W1998668465","https://openalex.org/W2028081350","https://openalex.org/W2060404326","https://openalex.org/W2071694886","https://openalex.org/W2075854179","https://openalex.org/W2076935827","https://openalex.org/W2082211203","https://openalex.org/W2085519149","https://openalex.org/W2086452019","https://openalex.org/W2091763198","https://openalex.org/W2110820273","https://openalex.org/W2114691954","https://openalex.org/W2117132974","https://openalex.org/W2117413393","https://openalex.org/W2124274472","https://openalex.org/W2128361799","https://openalex.org/W2129546514","https://openalex.org/W2131890033","https://openalex.org/W2138459508","https://openalex.org/W2161770961","https://openalex.org/W6632854833","https://openalex.org/W6671633640","https://openalex.org/W6673335626","https://openalex.org/W6679145232"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2076781661","https://openalex.org/W2540832666","https://openalex.org/W4286579627","https://openalex.org/W4392188952","https://openalex.org/W1851259350","https://openalex.org/W272184114","https://openalex.org/W2117747481","https://openalex.org/W2394282069","https://openalex.org/W4311591691","https://openalex.org/W2288941099"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"An":[0],"interpolative-phase-tuning":[1],"(IPT)":[2],"technique":[3,48],"is":[4,38],"proposed":[5,35],"to":[6,76],"tune":[7],"the":[8,23,34,41,46,56,71,77],"frequency":[9,62],"of":[10,33,40,113,127,131,134,141,163,176,180,186],"millimeter-wave":[11],"(MMW)":[12],"LC-based":[13],"ring":[14],"oscillators":[15,37,58,81],"without":[16],"using":[17],"varactor.":[18],"As":[19],"a":[20,94],"key":[21],"feature,":[22],"tradeoff":[24],"between":[25],"tank":[26],"<i":[27],"xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"":[28,145,190],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">Q</i>":[29],"and":[30,65,91,109,119,129,159,178],"tuning":[31,63,72,125,174],"range":[32,64,73,126,175],"IPT":[36,47,57,86],"independent":[39],"operation":[42],"frequency,":[43],"which":[44],"makes":[45],"suitable":[49],"for":[50,82],"applications":[51],"at":[52,102,116,122,152,166,171],"MMW":[53],"frequencies.":[54],"Moreover,":[55],"can":[59],"achieve":[60],"larger":[61],"much":[66],"better":[67],"phase":[68,111,161],"accuracy":[69],"over":[70],"as":[74],"compared":[75],"conventional":[78],"gm-coupled":[79],"LC":[80],"multiphase":[83],"generation.":[84],"Two":[85],"oscillator":[87],"prototypes":[88],"are":[89],"designed":[90],"implemented":[92],"in":[93],"0.13-\u03bcm":[95],"CMOS":[96],"process.":[97],"The":[98,148],"first":[99],"one":[100],"operates":[101],"50":[103],"GHz":[104,154],"with":[105,155,183],"eight":[106],"output":[107,157],"phases":[108,158],"measures":[110,160],"noise":[112,162],"-103.7":[114],"dBc/Hz":[115,121,165,170],"1-MHz":[117,167],"offset":[118],"-127.8":[120],"10-MHz":[123,172],"offset,":[124,168,173],"6.8%,":[128],"figure":[130],"merit":[132],"(FOM)":[133],"186.4":[135],"dB":[136,182],"while":[137],"occupying":[138],"chip":[139,184],"area":[140,185],"0.36":[142],"mm":[143,188],"<sup":[144,189],"xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\">2</sup>":[146,191],".":[147,192],"second":[149],"prototype":[150],"oscillates":[151],"60":[153],"four":[156],"-95.5":[164],"-120.6":[169],"9%,":[177],"FOM":[179],"180.6":[181],"0.2":[187]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-15T08:11:43.952461","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
