{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2115320563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2139490","title":"Frequency-Hopped Quadrature Frequency Synthesizer in 0.13-$\\mu$m Technology","display_name":"Frequency-Hopped Quadrature Frequency Synthesizer in 0.13-$\\mu$m Technology","publication_year":2011,"publication_date":"2011-05-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2115320563","doi":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2139490","mag":"2115320563"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2139490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2139490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref"],"open_access":{"is_oa":false,"oa_status":"closed","oa_url":null,"any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020604089","display_name":"Narasimha Lanka","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"N. R. Lanka","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA, USA","University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Santa Clara, CA, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005805069","display_name":"Satwik Patnaik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8975-2414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1343180700","display_name":"Intel (United States)","ror":"https://ror.org/01ek73717","country_code":"US","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"S. A. Patnaik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Intel Corporation, Hillsboro, OR, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1343180700"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059037025","display_name":"Ramesh Harjani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7691-566X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130238516","display_name":"University of Minnesota","ror":"https://ror.org/017zqws13","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"R. A. Harjani","raw_affiliation_strings":["University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130238516"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":2645,"currency":"USD","value_usd":2645},"apc_paid":null,"fwci":3.9624,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93795869,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"46","issue":"9","first_page":"2021","last_page":"2032"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10187","display_name":"Radio Frequency Integrated Circuit Design","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11417","display_name":"Advancements in PLL and VCO Technologies","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11248","display_name":"Advanced Power Amplifier Design","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quadrature","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","score":0.6883471012115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/phase-noise","display_name":"Phase noise","score":0.545407235622406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4415448307991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/frequency-offset","display_name":"Frequency offset","score":0.4337085783481598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/baseband","display_name":"Baseband","score":0.41825759410858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dbc","display_name":"dBc","score":0.4114537835121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cmos","display_name":"CMOS","score":0.4060468375682831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.35152190923690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1771581768989563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1635228991508484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62869609","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28137","display_name":"Quadrature (astronomy)","level":2,"score":0.6883471012115479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89631360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1428766","display_name":"Phase noise","level":2,"score":0.545407235622406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4415448307991028},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49319798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5502874","display_name":"Frequency offset","level":4,"score":0.4337085783481598},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65165936","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q575784","display_name":"Baseband","level":3,"score":0.41825759410858154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C193523891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1771950","display_name":"dBc","level":3,"score":0.4114537835121155},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46362747","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q173431","display_name":"CMOS","level":2,"score":0.4060468375682831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.35152190923690796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1771581768989563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1635228991508484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127162648","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16858953","display_name":"Channel (broadcasting)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40409654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q375889","display_name":"Orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":1,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.1109/jssc.2011.2139490","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.1109/jssc.2011.2139490","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S83637746","display_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","issn_l":"0018-9200","issn":["0018-9200","1558-173X"],"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310319808","host_organization_name":"Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310319808"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers"],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits","raw_type":"journal-article"}],"best_oa_location":null,"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016167819","https://openalex.org/W2017683284","https://openalex.org/W2028303831","https://openalex.org/W2028898228","https://openalex.org/W2040464170","https://openalex.org/W2066778149","https://openalex.org/W2106687953","https://openalex.org/W2110353384","https://openalex.org/W2110931110","https://openalex.org/W2117413393","https://openalex.org/W2117874625","https://openalex.org/W2119440008","https://openalex.org/W2120672045","https://openalex.org/W2124550394","https://openalex.org/W2124982324","https://openalex.org/W2148743304","https://openalex.org/W2161054903","https://openalex.org/W2161455871","https://openalex.org/W2165069228","https://openalex.org/W2178774287","https://openalex.org/W2476112607","https://openalex.org/W2543595583","https://openalex.org/W2983479669"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2540832666","https://openalex.org/W4286579627","https://openalex.org/W1851259350","https://openalex.org/W272184114","https://openalex.org/W2117747481","https://openalex.org/W2394282069","https://openalex.org/W3189810088","https://openalex.org/W2971609434","https://openalex.org/W2141726610","https://openalex.org/W2288941099"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0,144],"paper":[1],"presents":[2],"a":[3,19,28,44,60,68,95,106],"Wireless-USB/WiMedia-compliant":[4],"fast-hopping":[5,149],"frequency":[6,114,151],"synthesizer":[7,17,115,152],"architecture":[8],"with":[9],"quadrature":[10,21,40,81,107,150],"outputs":[11],"based":[12,55],"on":[13,56],"sub-harmonic":[14,29],"injection-locking.":[15],"The":[16,52,113,130],"features":[18],"cross-coupled":[20],"digitally-controlled":[22],"oscillator,":[23],"that":[24,153],"is":[25,59,145],"injection-locked":[26,41],"to":[27,46,78,157],"frequency.":[30],"An":[31],"intuitive":[32],"closed-form":[33],"expression":[34],"for":[35],"the":[36,39,80,84,146],"dynamics":[37],"of":[38,83,90,109,122,128],"oscillator":[42],"and":[43,63,105,132,140],"technique":[45],"achieve":[47],"fast":[48],"frequency-hopping,":[49],"are":[50,138],"presented.":[51],"overall":[53],"architecture,":[54],"this":[57],"technique,":[58],"CMOS-only":[61],"implementation":[62],"has":[64,154],"been":[65,76,155],"fabricated":[66],"in":[67],"0.13-$\\mu$m":[69],"SiGe":[70],"BiCMOS":[71],"process.":[72],"On-chip":[73],"mixers":[74],"have":[75],"implemented":[77],"measure":[79],"accuracy":[82,108],"outputs.":[85],"Measurement":[86],"results":[87],"indicate":[88],"lock-times":[89],"less":[91],"than":[92,111],"2.5":[93],"ns,":[94],"locked":[96],"phase":[97],"noise":[98],"of${-}$114":[99],"dBc/Hz":[100],"at":[101],"1":[102],"MHz":[103],"offset":[104],"better":[110],"0.5$^{\\circ}$.":[112],"(excluding":[116],"output":[117],"buffers)":[118],"occupies":[119],"an":[120],"area":[121],"0.27":[123],"mm$^2$and":[124],"consumes":[125],"14.5":[126],"mW":[127],"power.":[129],"best":[131],"worst":[133],"case":[134],"spur":[135],"suppression":[136],"achieved":[137],"47":[139],"31":[141],"dB,":[142],"respectively.":[143],"lowest":[147],"power":[148],"reported":[156],"date.":[158]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2015,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2014,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2013,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2012,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-21T09:56:20.448147","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
